29 research outputs found
The 'true use of reading' : Sarah Fielding and mid eighteenth-century literary strategies.
No full textPhDThe aim of this thesis is to explore, by examining her life and
works, how Sarah Fielding (1710-68) established her identity as an author.
The definition of her role involves her notions of the functions of
writing and reading.
Sarah Fielding attempts to invite readers to form a sense of ties
by tacit understanding of her messages. As she believes that a work
of literature is produced through collaboration between the writer and
the reader, it is an important task in her view to show her attentiveness
toward reading practice. In her consideration of reading, she has two
distinct, even opposite views of her audience: on the one hand a familiar
and limited circle of readers with shared moral and cultural values and
on the other potential readers among the unknown mass of people. The
dual targets direct her to devise various strategies. She tries to
appeal to those who can endorse and appreciate her moral values as well
as her learning. Her writings and letters testify that she is sensitive
to the demands of the literary market, trying to lead the taste of readers
by inventing new forms.
The thesis opens with an overview of Sarah Fielding's career,
followed by a consideration of her critical attention to the roles of
reading. I go on to examine the narrative structures and strategies
she deploys, with a particular emphasis on her use of the epistolary
method. The following chapter deals with her attention to the reading
of the moral message tangibly embodied in her educational writing. It
is followed by an analysis of the activity which earned her a reputation
as a learned woman. Various as the forms of her works are, they invariably
reflect her attempt to balance herself between the two demands of
inventiveness and familiarity
Representation of Russian Substantives by Means of the English Language in a Religious Context
No full textДемидова Мария Михайловна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры иностранных языков, Брянский государственный технический университет (Брянск), [email protected]
Мартынова Ия Сергеевна, старший преподаватель кафедры иностранных языков, Брянский государственный технический университет (Брянск).
Maria M. Demidova, Candidate of Philological Science, Associate professor, Foreign Languages Department, Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, [email protected]
Iya S. Martynova, senior lecture, Foreign Languages Department, Bryansk State Technical University, BryanskДанная статья посвящена вербализация подобных понятий в разных языках. В частности, предметом исследования являются понятия, выраженные субстантивированными прилагательными и причастиями в русском языке, и их репрезентация в английском. Автор подвергает тщательному анализу совокупность средств номинации данных понятий в английском языке, опираясь на иллюстративный материал русского и англоязычного вариантов Библии. Особое внимание уделяется семантическим и структурным особенностям репрезентантов. Методы исследования определяются целями и задачами данной работы. Основными методами стали сравнительно-сопоставительный и лексикографический, при помощи которых удалось установить сходства и
различия грамматического, семантического и синтаксического плана. Результаты исследования показали, что наблюдаются значительные различия в плане выражения субстантиватов в русском и английском языках. This article is devoted to the verbalization of similar concepts in different languages. In particular, the subject of the research is the concepts expressed by substantive adjectives and participles in Russian and their representation in English. The author carefully analyzes the set of means for nominating these concepts in English, based on the illustrative material of the Russian and English versions of the Bible. This article is devoted to the verbalization of similar concepts in different languages. In particular, the subject of the research is the concepts expressed by substantive adjectives and participles in Russian and their representation in English. The author carefully analyzes the set of means for nominating these concepts in English, based on the illustrative material of the Russian and English versions of the Bible
Children's classics translated from English under Franco: the censorship of the William books and the Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
No full textPhDThe thesis documents the censorship histories of Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom
Sawyer and Richmal Crompton's William books under Franco, and analyses these
censorship histories in terms of the changing character of the regime. Previously
unconsulted primary sources are used, such as censors' reports and translation proofs
held in the Archivo General de la Administración del Estado at Alcalá de Henares.
The censors' reports demonstrate that children's literature and translated literature were
treated as special cases by the regime, and that censorship was particularly harsh in
both areas. These findings demonstrate the crucial importance of attitudes to childhood
and foreignness in the Francoist ideological scheme.
The censorship histories of Tom Sawyer and the William books reveal some
surprising facts. The William books began to be persecuted by the censors in late
1942, precisely the moment when the regime was seeking a rapprochement with the
Allied powers as the course of the War turned in the latter's favour. This prohibition
cannot be understood without exploring the factors which differentiate children's
literature from adult literature in the context of Francoism. The books' peculiarly
English character also had a vital bearing on how they were censored.
The history of Tom Sawyer in Spain demonstrates the effect of literary status
on censorship practice. Early in the regime, the censors generally considered Tom
Sawyer to be a work for adults. From the mid-1950s, however, children's literature was
inscribed as a special category in censorship legislation, and the censors began to view
editions of the work as specifically intended for children. Tom Sawyer thus
encountered censorship problems in the later years of the regime, supposedly more
liberal than the earlier period. Again, these problems would be inexplicable without
examining the evolution of the publishing industry and Francoist attitudes to literature
and the child.
The thesis also provides a detailed analysis of the type of suppressions imposed
on the books studied, under the following headings: religion; love, sexuality and
gender; authority and politics, nation and race; crime, terror and violence
Size and shape of Neognathae's eggs: Effects of developmental mode and phylogeny
No full textWe evaluated the variation in absolute size and shape of birds' eggs and the effects of developmental mode and phylogenetic relatedness on these traits. Eggs were characterized by length, diameter, and three indices of egg shape. Indices of egg shape were calculated as the ratio of radii which described the curvature of pointed end (cloacal zone), blunt end (infundibular zone) and lateral zone to egg diameter. We found that eggs shape was less variable than the absolute size of eggs. Index of the cloacal zone was the most changeable and index of the infundibular zone was very conservative. Size and shape of eggs could be better explained with phylogenetic relatedness than developmental mode.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Investigação química de organismos marinhos do sul do Brasil e da Argentina
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Florianópolis, 2014.Visando à obtenção de novos compostos de interesse terapêutico, o trabalho tem como objetivo o isolamento e elucidação estrutural de substâncias obtidas de organismos marinhos de ocorrência no sul do Brasil e Argentina. O estudo químico das espécies do Brasil foi guiado pela avaliação da atividade anti-herpética, antimicrobiana, antiprotozoária e atividade citotóxica dos extratos e frações. Foram selecionados para investigação o octocoral Leptogorgia punicea coletado em ilhas da costa de Florianópolis, outro octocoral ainda não identificado e duas esponjas coletadas no sul da Argentina. O extrato em hexano (HE) do octocoral L. punicea inibiu o crescimento das cepas de S. aureus e C. albicans no ensaio de difusão em disco e ainda, o extrato em diclorometano apresentou uma inibição de 38,8% para as formas epimastigotas de T. cruzi. Cinco novas substâncias, 6ß-acetóxi-colestan- 3ß,5a,19-triol, 6ß-acetóxi-colestan-3ß, 5a,11ß?triol, 6ß-acetóxi-colest- 22-en-3ß,5a,11ß-triol, 24-nor-6ß-acetóxi-colest-22-en-3ß,5a,11ß-triol e 6ß-acetóxi-colest-22-en-3ß,5a,18-triol, denominadas de punicinóis A-E, foram isoladas do extrato etanólico do octocoral L. punicea e suas estruturas elucidadas por métodos espectroscópicos e espectrometria de massas de alta resolução. As substâncias isoladas apresentaram atividade citotóxica para a linhagem de câncer de pulmão de células não-pequenas (A549), com atividades mais promissoras para as substâncias, punicinol A e punicinol B com CI50 de 9,7 µM e 9,6 µM. Das espécies coletadas na Argentina, foram isolados cinco substâncias, dentre elas um bromoindol (6-bromo-1H-indol-3-carboxaldeído), o phidróxi benzaldeído, o nucleosídeo timidina em mistura com uracila e um sesquiterpeno denominado (+)-aromadendran-5-ol.Abstract : Marine organisms have provided a wide range of new compounds with diverse carbon skeletons and valuable biological activities. Aiming to obtain new compounds of therapeutic interest, the isolation and structural elucidation of substances obtained from marine organisms occurring in southern Brazil and Argentina was performed. The isolation was guided by the evaluation of antiviral, antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activity of the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds obtained in the process. The octocoral Leptogorgia punicea was selected for the research, collected on islands off the coast of Florianópolis, besides another unidentified octocoral and two sponges collected in Southern Argentina. As a result of the octocoral L. punicea, the hexane extract (HE) inhibited the growth of strains of S. aureus and C. albicans in the disk diffusion assay and also the dichloromethane extract showed an inhibition of 38.8% for epimastigotes of T. cruzi. Five new substances, 6ß-acetoxycholestan-3ß,5a,11ß-triol; 6ß-acetoxycholestan- 3ß,5a,18-triol; 6ß-acetoxycholest-22E-en-3ß,5a,11ß -triol; 24-nor-6ß- acetoxycholest-22E-en-3ß,5a,11ß-triol and 6ß-acetoxycholest-22E-en- 3ß,5a,18-triol, named punicinols A-E, were isolated from ethanol extract of octocoral Leptogorgia punicea. The five compounds induced in vitro cytotoxic effects against lung cancer A549 cells, while punicinols A and B were the most active, with IC50 values of 9.7 µM and 9.6 µM, respectively. The study with marine organisms from Argentina resulted in the isolation of five substances including one bromoindole (6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde), p-hydroxy benzaldehyde, the thymidine nucleoside, uracil and a sesquiterpene called (+)aromadendran-5-ol
Electronic mobility and crystal structures of 2,5-dimethylanilinium triiodide and tin-based organic-inorganic hybrid compounds
No full textWe synthesize single crystals of a new 2,5-dimethylanilinium tin iodide organic-inorganic hybrid compound and 2,5-dimethylanilinium triiodide. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the hybrid grows as a unique rhombohedral structure consisting of one-dimensional chains of SnI6-octahedra that share corners and edges to build up a ribbon along the [111] direction. Notably, we find that hypophosphorous acid, H3PO2, is of central importance to the formation of this hybrid. In the absence of H3PO2, we synthesize 2,5-dimethylanilinium triiodide from the same starting compounds. We investigate the synthesis routes that drive the growth of these two compounds with distinct crystal structures, appearance and properties. Pulse-radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements and density functional theory calculations reveal that both compounds have low charge carrier mobilities and very long lifetimes, consistent with their one-dimensional structural characteristics. Our findings give a better understanding of the relation between synthesis, crystal structures and charge carrier mobilities.ChemE/Opto-electronic Material
Association analyses of 249,796 individuals reveal 18 new loci associated with body mass index
No full textObesity is globally prevalent and highly heritable, but its underlying genetic factors remain largely elusive. To identify genetic loci for obesity susceptibility, we examined associations between body mass index and similar to 2.8 million SNPs in up to 123,865 individuals with targeted follow up of 42 SNPs in up to 125,931 additional individuals. We confirmed 14 known obesity susceptibility loci and identified 18 new loci associated with body mass index (P < 5 x 10(-8)), one of which includes a copy number variant near GPRC5B. Some loci (at MC4R, POMC, SH2B1 and BDNF) map near key hypothalamic regulators of energy balance, and one of these loci is near GIPR, an incretin receptor. Furthermore, genes in other newly associated loci may provide new insights into human body weight regulation
The Diplomatic and Digital Forensic Science in Born-Digital Records: The Quest for Authenticity: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v8i1.219
No full text
This paper aims at the application of Digital Diplomatic and Digital Forensics Science in digital-born records, in order to guarantee its authenticity in institutional routines and processes, but also as a source of proof in possible legal and juridical scenarios. In view of the vast and fruitful discussions focused on the complexity of the digital records in Archival Science and Information Science (I.S.), there is a gap to manage and preserve the digital records, keeping them reliable, accurate and authentic in systems that have the same conditions. This gap makes it impossible to preserve records in the long term due, firstly, to the fragility of the systems where they are stored and, secondly, to the constant risks of obsolescence of hardware and software that occur on a day by day. Digital Diplomatic Science assists this process by determining the form and content of the record to evidence its legal-diplomatic authenticity and establish its historical value. Digital Forensic Science, in turn, provides support for the chain of custody to remain intact, regardless of the medium on which the digital record is fixed. The following questions is raised: Is it possible to apply the practice of law and the Digital Forensics in the area of the Archival Science and information science, guaranteeing the authenticity of the born-digital record. In addition, in which way does the junction between Digital Diplomatic Science and Digital Forensic Science guarantee the preservation and preservation of the born-digital records. To answer such questions, this research proposes to link five areas of knowledge following the scientific experiences conducted at the University of British Columbia in Canada by the InterPares (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records) group. Areas of knowledge that are offering interesting results for the preservation not only of the record, but also of the social memory: 1.Digital Forensics: discipline that joint Forensics Science with Computer Science to analyze the digital evidence. 2. Diplomatics Science: Science to analyze the form and structure to the records. 3. Archival Science: Science to involves the whole of the principles, policies, strategies, and activities designed to ensure the physical and technological stabilization of records for the purpose of extending indefinitely their life and protecting the accuracy and authenticity of and maintaining the accessibility to their intellectually content [1]. 4. Information Science: Science to analyze the information in different contexts. The research will carried out in a theoretical and qualitative way, taking into account the literature shared in the site Digital Records Forensics Project, coordinated by the author Luciana Duranti of the InterPares group, and the bibliography produced in the country of the areas of knowledge already referenced. The results obtained will contribute to the realization of alternative researches in document conservation within the Archival Science and the Information Science. 
Impact of Spontaneously Adsorbed Hydroxide Ions on Emulsification via Solvent Shifting
No full textCorrected by: Author Correction: Leaf venation network evolution across clades and scales, in Nature Plants (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-02070-1, In the version of the article initially published, in the Fig. 2d legend, the text “…if loops are more (low CR) or less (high CR) smooth” should have read “…if loops are more (high CR) or less (low CR) smooth” and has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.Leaf venation architecture varies greatly among living and fossil plants. However, we still have a limited understanding of when, why and in which clades new architectures arose and how they impacted leaf functioning. Using data from 1,000 extant and extinct (fossil) plants, we reconstructed approximately 400 million years of venation evolution across clades and vein sizes. Overall, venation networks evolved from having fewer veins and less smooth loops to having more veins and smoother loops, but these changes only occurred in small and medium vein sizes. The diversity of architectural designs increased biphasically, first peaking in the Paleozoic, then decreasing during the Cretaceous, then increasing again in the Cenozoic, when recent angiosperm lineages initiated a second and ongoing phase of diversification. Vein evolution was not associated with temperature and CO2 fluctuations but was associated with insect diversification. Our results highlight the complexity of the evolutionary trajectory and potential drivers of venation network architecture.Ilaine Silveira Matos, Bradley Vu, Joseph Mann, Emily Xie, Srinivasan Madhavan, Satvik Sharma, Izzi Niewiadomski, Andrea Echevarria, Connor Tomaka, Sonoma Carlos, Monica Antonio, Ashley Chu, Meg Scudder, Nicole Yokota, Hailey J. Park, Natalie Vuong, Mickey Boakye, Miguel A. Duarte, Caroline Pechuzal, Luiza Maria T. Aparecido, Mia B. Franco, Ryan Jen Wong, Jocelyn Liu, Emily Guevara Heredia, Brad Boyle, Martha Ryan, Rafael E. Cárdenas, Brian J. Enquist, Diane M. Erwin, Holly Forbes, Kyle Dexter, Mark Fricker and Benjamin W. Blonde
Objective comparison of methods to decode anomalous diffusion
No full text[EN] Deviations from Brownian motion leading to anomalous diffusion are found in transport dynamics from quantum physics to life sciences. The characterization of anomalous diffusion from the measurement of an individual trajectory is a challenging task, which traditionally relies on calculating the trajectory mean squared displacement. However, this approach breaks down for cases of practical interest, e.g., short or noisy trajectories, heterogeneous behaviour, or non-ergodic processes. Recently, several new approaches have been proposed, mostly building on the ongoing machine-learning revolution. To perform an objective comparison of methods, we gathered the community and organized an open competition, the Anomalous Diffusion challenge (AnDi). Participating teams applied their algorithms to a commonly-defined dataset including diverse conditions. Although no single method performed best across all scenarios, machine-learning-based approaches achieved superior performance for all tasks. The discussion of the challenge results provides practical advice for users and a benchmark for developers.
Deviations from Brownian motion leading to anomalous diffusion are ubiquitously found in transport dynamics but often difficult to characterize. Here the authors compare approaches for single trajectory analysis through an open competition, showing that machine learning methods outperform classical approaches.Open access funding provided by University of Gothenburg. The authors would like to thank: Paula Kowalek for the graphical illustrations; Matthias
Weiss and Maria Garcia-Parajo for sharing experimental data; Daniel Adam for help with
compiling the data of single-atom trajectories. G.M.-G., B.R., and M.L. acknowledge support
from ERC AdG NOQIA, Agencia Estatal de Investigación "Severo Ochoa Center of
Excellence CEX2019-000910-S, Plan National FIDEUA PID2019-106901GB-I00/10.13039/
501100011033, FPI), Fundació Privada Cellex, Fundació Mir-Puig, and from Generalitat de
Catalunya (AGAUR Grant No. 2017 SGR 1341, CERCA program, QuantumCAT U16-
011424, co-funded by ERDF Operational Program of Catalonia 2014-2020), MINECO-EU
QUANTERA MAQS (funded by State Research Agency (AEI) PCI2019-111828-2/
10.13039/501100011033), EU Horizon 2020 FET-OPEN OPTOLogic (Grant No 899794),
and the National Science Centre, Poland-Symfonia Grant No. 2016/20/W/ST4/00314.
Giov.V. and A.A. acknowledge funding from ERC StG ComplexSwimmers (Grant No.
677511) and from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. M.A.G.-M. acknowledges
funding from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MEFP) through
the Beatriz Galindo program 2018 (BEAGAL18/00203). R.M. acknowledges DFG grant ME
1535/12-1. Gior.V. and A.G. acknowledge sponsorship for this work by the U.S. Office of
Naval Research Global (Award No. N62909-18-1-2170). Z.H. acknowledges funding from
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. J.-H.J. acknowledges NRF
grants 2020R1A2C4002490 and 2017K1A1A2013241. T.B. acknowledges support by the
Francis Crick Institute, which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK
(FC001086), the UK Medical Research Council (FC001086), and the Wellcome Trust
(FC001086), and thanks Nate Goehring for supervision and acquisition of funding. This
research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Wellcome Trust (FC001086). For the
purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any
Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. J.A.C. acknowledges
support from the ALBATROSS project (National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research
and Innovation 2017-2020, No. PID2019-104978RB-I00). P.K, H.L.-O. and J.S. were funded
by the Polish National Science Centre (NCN-DFG Beethoven Grant No. 2016/23/G/ST1/
04083) and acknowledge the support by the Wroclaw Centre for Networking and Supercomputing (calculations were performed using their BEM computing cluster). S.T.
acknowledges the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst for PhD Scholarship (DAAD
Program ID 57214224) and support in the form of a Sacker postdoctoral fellowship and
funding from the Pikovski-Valazzi matching scholarship (Tel Aviv University). H.K. and I.S.
acknowledge funding from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) through the GENOMETRACK project of the Building Blocks of Life research program (Project No. 737.016.014).
C.M. acknowledges funding from FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades Agencia Estatal de Investigación through the "Ramón y Cajal program 2015
(Grant No. RYC-2015-17896), and the "Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos
de la Sociedad (Grant No. BFU2017-85693-R); from the Generalitat de Catalunya
(AGAUR Grant No. 2017SGR940). C.M. also acknowledges the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan Xp GPU and funding from the PO FEDER of
Catalonia 2014-2020 (project PECT Osona Transformació Social, Ref. 001-P-000382).Muñoz-Gil, G.;Volpe, G.;Garcia March, Miguel Angel;Aghion, E.;Argun, A.;Beom Hong, C.;Bland, T.... (2021). Objective comparison of methods to decode anomalous diffusion. Nature Communications. 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26320-wS12
