37,134 research outputs found
Histological and paleogenetic analyses of a pre-Columbian mummy: Gut microbiome and antibiotic-resistence genes
No full textE-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk. A frame from drug-metabolism and antioxidant homeostasis
No full textE-CIGARETTES INDUCE TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS THAT CAN RAISE THE CANCER RISK. A FRAME
FROM DRUG-METABOLISM AND ANTIOXIDANT HOMEOSTASIS.
1)Canistro D. 2)Vivarelli F. 3)Cirillo S. 4)Cardenia V. 5)Rodriguez-estrada MT.
Dept of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unibo
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restrictions and a lack of regulatory guidelines. Despite the burgeoning worldwide consumption of e-cigs, their safety remains largely unproven and it is unknown whether these devices cause in vivo toxicological effects that could contribute to cancer occurrence.
In the present study, we investigated the co-mutagenic and cancer-initiating effects of e-cig vapour in a rat model. To explore whether e-cigs induce toxicological effects, such as those involving cytochrome P450 (CYP) changes, we analyzed the modulation of carcinogen metabolizingenzymes in the lung of rats exposed to e-cig vapour. We observed a significant increase in CYP1A1/2 (activating, for example, polychlorinated biphenyls, aromatic amines, dioxins and PAHs), CYP2B1/2 (activating olefins and halogenated hydrocarbons), 2C11 (activating nitrosamines and mycotoxins) and CYP3A (activating hexamethyl phosphoramide and nitrosamines) documented by the sharp rise in the corresponding probes.
Conversely, we observed that the antioxidant enzymes catalase, DT-diaphorase and glutathione peroxidase and the conjugating phase II glutathione S-transferases, mainly involved in xenobiotic detoxification, were noticeable decreased, whereas UDP-glucuronyl-transferase was substantially unchanged.
Extrapolated to humans, the corresponding boosted CYP-linked monooxygenases together with reduced activity of antioxidant and detoxifying machinery would predispose a subject to an enhanced cancer risk from the widely bioactivated e-cig vapour procarcinogens associated with an increased risk of lung cancer
LaTeX as an inclusive accessibility instrument for highschool mathematical education
No full textThis paper describes the design, implementation and outcomes of a teaching activity in high school setting, aimed at supporting a student with visual impairments in learning Mathematics and promoting inclusive learning involving all other students. The teaching activity was defined following an adoption-centered approach. During the initial needs-finding stage, we explored the available instruments for inclusive access and authoring of mathematical formulae, and we identified the LaTeX typesetting language as the instrument of choice. The use of LaTeX was motivated by the fact that it provides a textual representation of mathematical content, thus making it accessible through standard assistive technologies, such as Braille displays and screen readers. LaTeX is also widely used in higher education to author scientific documents, and therefore constitutes a useful skill for future education and employment of all students. We then defined the main steps needed for addressing the topic during a traditional high school mathematical curriculum, and scheduled them in relation to other teaching activities. The students had no difficulties in following the teaching activity, including learning and using LaTeX, and most were eager to apply the acquired skills for authoring lab reports and homework. However, the acceptance of the assistive tool by the student with visual impairments was low. Additionally, most of the other teachers displayed high resistance to change and therefore were not interested in supporting the activity and integrating it with their classes. We highlight the key findings and limitations of the project, and discuss possible improvements over the current approach
Validation of the V-index through Finite Element 2D Simulations.
No full textA physiological spatial heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization (SHVR) is responsible for the T-wave on the ECG. However, an increased SHVR might favor the development of ventricular arrhythmias. The V-index is a metric introduced with the aim of assessing SHVR from ECG.
In this work, the V-index was validated by means of 2D computer simulations, using a modified version of the ten Tusscher-Panfilov (TP06) model that accounts for repolarization variability. Synthetic ECG were simulated at 12 different positions at the external surface with two different strategies. Also, a theoretical extension of the V-index definition was derived, to address situations where fluctuations in repolarization times are correlated across nodes.
At tissue level, theoretical values of V-index were in agreement with SHVR with a constant pacing (maximum error: 3.4 ms). However, with a variable RR, a selection of stationary beats was necessary to overcome the stronger temporal correlation across nodes (maximum error: 3.2 ms). On the other hand, values of V-index numerically estimated from the ECG were always in agreement with their theoretical values (average error in the estimates: 15 perpendicular to 9%). The results confirmed that the V-index indeed provides an approximate and reliable measure of SHVR
Título: De immunitate ecclesiarum
No full textColofón en v. de V\b7\sColofónSign.: *\p8\s, A-V\p8\sPort. con grab. xil. de S. Pedro y S. PabloSign.: *\p8\s, A-T\p8\s, V\p7\
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
[Leyes, etc. sobre ultramar]
No full textCopia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, d2024Encuadernación holandesa.El imp. de los t. III-V es José Fernández Cancela y de los t. VI-XVI Manuel Minuesa.T. I. (X, 702, V p.) -- T. II. (743, V p.) -- T. III. (640 p.) -- T. IV. (708, V p.) -- T. V. (494, II p.) -- T. VI. (744, VI p., 3 h. pleg.) -- T. VII. (488 p.) -- T. VIII. (831, III p.) -- T. IX. (830, IV p.) -- T. X. (785, VI, p.) -- T. XI. (479, IV p.) -- T. XII. (445, V p.) -- T. XIII. (559, VI p.) -- T. XIV. (379 p.) -- T. XV. (683, XI p.) -- T. XVI. (330, XXXVI p.)Registro de la Propiedad Intelectual: Ley de 1847: 9598, 9621, 9747 ; n. de solicitud de ingreso: "9266"; firma del depositante: "Joaquín Rodríguez San Pedro"Sello: "Biblioteca del Ministerio de Fomento"Sello: "Universidad Central, Artes y oficios, Biblioteca
Resolving the Dissonance of Rodriguez and the Right to Education
No full textEducation exists as a fundamental right recognized by countries worldwide. Overwhelming support for the right to education is reflected in international human rights instruments, including the International Convention on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Notwithstanding a near global consensus on this issue, the United States has refused to recognize a federal right to education since the 1973 Supreme Court decision San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez. The ill-effects of Rodriguez linger today; glaring disparities continue to mar the educational prospects of women, minorities, and poor children in the United States. In this Note, the Author emphasizes the critical importance of a right to education for all people. The Author explains the purpose and function of education, presents a brief history of educational inequity in the United States, and summarizes the international human rights instruments that recognize the right to education. The Author also analyzes the Rodriguez decision and identifies the presence of a national consensus within the United States regarding the right to education. Ultimately, the Author argues that there is an international consensus recognizing the right to education. Accordingly, the Author suggests the following: (1) the United States should reconsider its treatment of the right to education by using the analytical framework employed by the Supreme Court in Roper v. Simmons; (2) recognition of a federal right to education falls directly in line with recent governmental efforts to federalize education; and (3) recognition of the right to education would help the United States maintain its status as a global leader
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Peña-Rodriguez v. Colorado: Carving Out a Racial-Bias Exception to the No-Impeachment Rule
No full textThe Sixth Amendment safeguards an accused in criminal proceedings and affords them “the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury.” Consistent with this right, the no-impeachment rule prohibits a juror from testifying after a verdict has been handed down about the jurors’ deliberations. While there are limited exceptions to the no-impeachment rule, juror expressed racial bias is not one of them. When presented with the dilemma of a juror using racial bias in deliberations, courts must weigh two competing doctrines that serve as the foundation to our judicial system: (1) affording a defendant his or her constitutional rights to an impartial jury in criminal proceedings, and (2) ensuring that we protect the secrecy of the jury’s deliberations. In 2017, in Peña-Rodriguez v. Colorado, the United States Supreme Court addressed the issue of whether the no-impeachment rule overrules the Sixth Amendment right to an impartial jury in a criminal case. The Supreme Court held that the no-impeachment rule must give way, and courts are permitted to inquire into jury deliberations to determine whether a juror expressed racial bias during those deliberations. In doing so, the Supreme Court carved out a new exception to the long-standing rule that jury deliberations are to remain private.
This recent development discusses the history of the no-impeachment rule and the challenge of grappling with the plain language of the rule in light of an individual’s Sixth Amendment right to a fair and impartial jury trial. The author evaluates the background of the Peña-Rodriguez case and the path it took from the trial court up to the United States Supreme Court. Additionally, the author assesses both the majority opinion and the dissenting opinions of the Supreme Court’s decision. Finally, the author discusses whether the Peña-Rodriguez holding will apply in civil cases as well
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