290 research outputs found
Growth of South Rough Ridge, Central Otago, New Zealand: using in situ cosmogenic isotopes and geomorphology to study an active, blind reverse fault
No full textIn situ cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al measurements on sedimentary quartzites, together with analysis of abandoned river terraces, can be used to show how drainage responded to the lateral propagation of a late Quaternary anticline forming above a blind reverse fault in Central Otago, New Zealand. A close link between the progression of cosmogenic ages and the tectonic geomorphology allows us to confirm that uplift and propagation rates on the anticline are in the ranges 0.08–0.12 mm yr−1 and 0.8–1.5 mm yr−1, respectively, over the last 550,000 years. The agreement between the isotopic and geomorphological evidence in turn requires that minimum 10Be exposure ages as great as 660 ka are not in steady state with respect to erosion. This is a geochemical result of significance, as it opens the possibility of a more regional analysis of landscape evolution in this region, using the same rocks. On an adjacent anticline, thought to be even older on geomorphological arguments, 10Be concentrations give minimum exposure ages in the range 750–1400 ka. These extremely old minimum ages are rare worldwide, as they are usually limited to smaller values by erosion. They are attributable to the very resistant nature of the quartz-rich boulders in which the measurements were made, which in places are shown to have erosion rates lower than 0.5 mm kyr−1
Relation between Large-Scale Circulation and European Winter Temperature: Does It Hold under Warmer Climate?
No full textISI Document Delivery No.: 628GA Times Cited: 3 Cited Reference Count: 32 Cited References: Berner J, 2007, J ATMOS SCI, V64, P117, DOI 10.1175/JAS3822.1 Boe J, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V111, DOI [10.1029/2005JD006889, 10.1029/JD006889] Cassou C, 2005, J CLIMATE, V18, P2805, DOI 10.1175/JCLI3506.1 Christiansen B, 2005, J ATMOS SCI, V62, P2528, DOI 10.1175/JAS3490.1 Corti S, 1999, NATURE, V398, P799 D'Andrea F, 1998, CLIM DYNAM, V14, P385, DOI 10.1007/s003820050230 Dufresne JL, 2002, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V29, DOI 10.1029/2001GL013777 EFRON B, 1993, STAT APPL PROBABILIT, V57 Goubanova K, 2007, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V57, P27, DOI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.012 Houghton J. T., 2001, CLIMATE CHANGE 2001 Hourdin F, 2006, CLIM DYNAM, V27, P787, DOI 10.1007/s00382-006-0158-0 Hurrell J. W., 2003, GEOPHYS MONOGR SER, V134, DOI [10.1029/GM134., DOI 10.1029/GM134] Huth R, 1999, CLIMATE RES, V13, P91, DOI 10.3354/cr013091 KIMOTO M, 1993, J ATMOS SCI, V50, P2645, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(1993)0502.0.CO;2 LEGRAS B, 1985, J ATMOS SCI, V42, P433, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(1985)0422.0.CO;2 Majda AJ, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P8309, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0602641103 MICHELANGELI PA, 1995, J ATMOS SCI, V52, P1237, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(1995)0522.0.CO;2 Najac J, 2009, CLIM DYNAM, V32, P615, DOI 10.1007/s00382-008-0440-4 Palmer TN, 1999, J CLIMATE, V12, P575, DOI 10.1175/1520-0442(1999)0122.0.CO;2 Plaut G, 2001, CLIMATE RES, V17, P285, DOI 10.3354/cr017285 SanchezGomez E, 2005, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V32, DOI 10.1029/2005GL023990 Schubert S, 1998, INT J CLIMATOL, V18, P1419, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0088(19981115)18:133.3.CO;2-Q Solomon S, 2007, CLIMATE CHANGE 2007: THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS, P19 Stephenson DB, 2004, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V130, P583, DOI 10.1256/qj.02.146 Tank AMGK, 2002, INT J CLIMATOL, V22, P1441, DOI 10.1002/joc.773 Tibaldi S., 1990, Tellus, Series A (Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography), V42A, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0870.1990.t01-2-00003.x Uppala SM, 2005, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V131, P2961, DOI 10.1256/qj.04.176 VAUTARD R, 1990, MON WEATHER REV, V118, P2056, DOI 10.1175/1520-0493(1990)1182.0.CO;2 von Storch H., 2001, STAT ANAL CLIMATE RE Wilby R.L., 2004, GUIDELINES USE CLIMA Yiou P, 2008, NONLINEAR PROC GEOPH, V15, P365 Yiou P, 2004, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V31, DOI 10.1029/2003GL019119 Goubanova, K. Li, L. Yiou, P. Codron, F. 3 AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC BOSTON J CLIMATEThe idea of using large-scale information to predict local climate variability is widely exploited in climate change impact studies as an alternative to computationally expensive high-resolution models. This approach implies the hypothesis that the statistical relationship between large-scale climate states and local variables defined for the present-day climate remains valid in the altered climate. In this paper, the concept of weather regimes is used to deduce a relationship between large-scale circulation and European winter temperature. The change in temperature with increased greenhouse gases is, however, not homogeneous among the individual regimes. As a result, the impact of the weather regimes on local temperature changes varies in the future, limiting its usefulness for refining temperature changes to the small scale
Analysis of Purity Probes H1 Liquid Argon Calorimeter
No full text29 pages, 19 figuresThe sensitivity of our liquid argon purity measurement -around 0.03%- leads us to refine the tools used classically in this field. First we introduce an analytical form describing the spectrum of a 207Bi source for different values of purity and ionisation chamber gap. Second we analyse a surprising new effect: the variation of the ionisation yield of this source with the liquid argon temperature. Third we use our data to refine the charge collection models which relate electron recombination and attachment cross-sections to the electrical field
LIFETIME MEASUREMENT OF CHARM MESONS PRODUCED IN pi- p AND p p INTERACTIONS AT 360-GeV/c
No full textResults are presented on charm meson lifetimes. The sample of charm particle decays was obtained by exposing the high resolution rapid cycling hydrogen bubble chamber (LEBC) coupled with the European Hybrid Spectrometer to π− and p beams at 360 GeV/c from the CERN SPS. The analysis of ∼850 k pictures has yielded 77 events containing a total of 60 charm decays. From these, an unbiased sample of 31 D decays (15± and 16 D0) is issued in the lifetime analysis. The measured mean lifetimes for D± and D0 are (where the symbol D0 means D0 and D0):τ(D±)=8.4+3.5−2.2 × 10−13sτ(D0)=4.1+1.3−0.9 ×10−13s. Three unambiguous examples of F± decay have also been observed and the corresponding lifetime, based on 2 decays, is τ(F±)=2.1 +3.6−0.8 × 10 −13
Editorial: The Contribution of Postural Adjustments to Body Balance and Motor Performance: Volume II
No full textThis second volume of the Research Topic provides an up-to-date picture on how humans control
balance and body motion during daily motor tasks, with a special focus on the relationship between
postural adjustments, body balance and motor performance in healthy adults and individuals with
various health conditions. It includes 18 contributions separated into four sections, each of them
focusing on a specific aspect of balance and body motion control. In the first section, the focus
is on multisensory integration in balance control during standing, sitting and gait initiation. The
second section reports results of studies investigating the adaptability of gait and balance control
under specific and controlled conditions in healthy individuals. The third section reports results of
studies focusing on gait and balance disorders in specific clinical populations. Finally, in the last
section, results of studies focusing on the development of innovative tools and methods to assess
and improve gait, balance and cognitive functions in neurological patients are reported
CHARM HADRON PROPERTIES IN 400-GeV/c p p INTERACTIONS
No full textA study of the properties of charm particles produced in 400 GeV/cpp interactions is reported. The experiment was performed using the high resolution hydrogen bubble chamber LEBC in association with the European Hybrid Spectrometer at the CERN SPS. Details of the experimental set-up and operational procedures are given and the methods to extract samples of charm decays are discussed. Results are presented on the intrinsic properties of charm particles (masses, lifetimes, decay modes and branching ratios), adding, whenever appropriate, the relevant information obtained in a similar study made with 360 GeV/cπ − p interactions. The hadroproduction properties of charm states (total and differential cross sections, correlations) are presented and discussed in the context of current QCD inspired phenomenology
CHARM D MESON PRODUCTION IN 360-GeV pi- p INTERACTIONS: EVIDENCE FOR LEADING QUARKS
No full textCharm D-meson production in 360 GeV π-p interactions has been studied using the high-resolution hydrogen bubble chamber LEBC and the European Hybrid Spectrometer. The data show evidence for leading quark effects both in the number of D-meson types and in the Feynman x distributions. The production cross section is of the form d2δ dxdpT2∞(1-x)nexp(-apT 2) with n = 2.8±0.8 and a = 1.1±0.3 (GeV/c)-2. The x distribution is, however, compatible with the presence of both central (n = 6) and leading (n = 1) D/Dproduction. The fraction of D-messons in the leading component is estimated to be ≈30%. The rapidity gap between members of reconstructed charm pairs is small compared to the available rapidity range. The inclusive cross section for single D-messons in the forward direction is: δ(D/D)=(408+15)μb (forx>0). © 1983.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Coral skeleton P/Ca proxy for seawater phosphate: Multi-colony calibration with a contemporaneous seawater phosphate record
No full textA geochemical proxy for surface ocean nutrient concentrations recorded in coral skeleton could provide new insight into the connections between sub-seasonal to centennial scale nutrient dynamics, ocean physics, and primary production in the past. Previous work showed that coralline P/Ca, a novel seawater phosphate proxy, varies synchronously with annual upwelling-driven cycles in surface water phosphate concentration. However, paired contemporaneous seawater phosphate time-series data, needed for rigorous calibration of the new proxy, were lacking. Here we present further development of the P/Ca proxy in Porites lutea and Montastrea sp. corals, showing that skeletal P/Ca in colonies from geographically distinct oceanic nutrient regimes is a linear function of seawater phosphate (PO4 SW) concentration. Further, high-resolution P/Ca records in multiple colonies of Pavona gigantea and Porites lobata corals grown at the same upwelling location in the Gulf of Panama were strongly correlated to a contemporaneous time-series record of surface water PO4 SW at this site (r2 = 0.7–0.9). This study supports application of the following multi-colony calibration equations to down-core records from comparable upwelling sites, resulting in ±0.2 and ±0.1 lmol/kg uncertainties in PO4 SW reconstructions from P. lobata and P. gigantea, respectively.P/Ca Porites lobata (lmol/mol) = (21.1 ? 2.4)PO4 SW (lmol/kg) + (14.3 ? 3.8)P/Ca Pavona gigantea (lmol/mol) = (29.2 ? 1.4)PO4 SW (lmol/kg) + (33.4 ? 2.7)Inter-colony agreement in P/Ca response to PO4 SW was good (±5–12% about mean calibration slope), suggesting that species-specific calibration slopes can be applied to new coral P/Ca records to reconstruct past changes in surface ocean phosphate. However, offsets in the y-intercepts of calibration regressions among co-located individuals and taxa suggest that biologically-regulated “vital effects” and/or skeletal extension rate may also affect skeletal P incorporation. Quantification of the effect of skeletal extension rate on P/Ca could lead to corrected calibration equations and improved inter-colony P/Ca agreement. Nevertheless, the efficacy of the P/Ca proxy is thus supported by both broad scale correlation to mean surface water phosphate and regional calibration against documented local seawater phosphate variations
Is It Worth Continuing Sexual Rehabilitation after Radical Prostatectomy with Intracavernous Injection of Alprostadil for More than 1 Year?
No full textAbstractIntroductionIntracavernous alprostadil injection (IAI) is a widely used treatment for sexual rehabilitation (SR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). It is unknown whether the continuation of IAI beyond 1 year continues to improve erectile function.AimsTo assess evolution of sexual function in patients using IAI who are nonresponsive to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) between 12 (M12) and 24 (M24) months after RP.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 75 men with a nerve-sparing laparoscopic RP, who had normal preoperative erectile function, and who regularly used IAI for SR for at least 24 months. At M12, no patients had responded to PDE5i.Main Outcome MeasuresAt 12 and 24 months, sexual function was assessed with the UCLA Prostate Cancer Index (UCLA-PCI), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15, and erection hardness score (EHS) with and without IAI. We also assessed the satisfaction rate with IAI, injection-related penile pain, and satisfaction of treatment. Statistical analysis was performed by using t-tests for paired data and Spearman's rho correlation coefficients to assess the relationships between scores at M12 and M24.ResultsImprovement of nocturnal erection was noted (UCLA-PCI, question 25); however, no significant difference was found for IIEF-erectile function with (19.60 ± 9.80 vs. 18.07 ± 10.44) and without IAI (4.63 ± 2.93 vs. 4.92 ± 4.15), UCLA-PCI-sexual bother (37.14 ± 21.45 vs. 37.54 ± 19.67), nor the EHS score with (2.97 ± 1.30 vs. 2.57 ± 1.30) and without IAI (0.67 ± 1.11 vs. 0.76 ± 0.10). The rate of satisfaction with treatment decreased over time (66.6% vs. 46.7%, P = 0.013). Improved response to IAI at M12 was not correlated to improvement in spontaneous erections at M24.ConclusionThe response to IAI remained stable after 2 years of treatment, and no significant improvement of spontaneous erections during intercourse attempts was found between M12 and M24. Patients should be informed of the limited effect of IAI on natural erections after 1 year. Yiou R, Bütow Z, Parisot J, Binhas M, Lingombet O, Augustin D, de la Taille A, and Audureau E. Is it worth continuing sexual rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy with intracavernous injection of alprostadil for more than 1 year? Sex Med 2015;3:42–48
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