329 research outputs found
PERAN GURU DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DI TK ULUL AZMI WAY HUWI LAMPUNG SELATAN
No full textABSTRAK
Karakter merupakan nilai-nilai prilaku manusia yang
berhubungan dengan budaya dan adat istiadat. Media audio visual
yaitu salah satu media pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan untuk
menyampaikan cerita pada anak guna membantu mengembangkan
karakter anak usia dini Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
bagaiamana peranan guru dalam membentuk karakter anak usia dini
melalui media audio visual di Taman Kanak-kanak Ulul Azmi way
huwi Lampung selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan
deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian 1 guru dan 16 peserta
didik. Alat pengumpulan data yang peneliti gunakan yaitu observasi,
wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan
menggunakan reduksi, display dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil
penelitian yang dilakukan penulis dapat dilihat bahwasanya karakter
anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-kanak Ulul Azmi way huwi mulai
berkembang, dapat dilihat dari kondisi anak yang mulai berkembang
(MB) 8 anak Dari 16 anak. penulis meyimpulkan bahwa peran guru
dalam membentuk karakter anak usia dini melalui media audio visual
di Taman Kanak-kanak Ulul Azmi way huwi yaitu sebagai: sumber
belajar, fasilitator, pengelola, demonstrator, pembimbing, motivator,
evaluator, dapat membentuk karakter Anak usia dini melalui kegiatan
menonton cerita dengan memperhatikan langkah-langkah dan
indikator pencapaian yang sesuai dengan perkembangan karakter anak
usia dini
Kata Kunci: Media Audio Visual, Membentuk Karakter, Peran
Guru
iii
ABSTRACT
Character is human behavioral values related to culture and
customs. Audio visual media is one of the learning media that can be
used to convey stories to children to help develop the character of early
childhood. This research aims to find out the role of teachers in forming
the character of early childhood through audio visual media at the Ulul
Azmi Way Huwi Kindergarten. South Lampung. This research used a
qualitative descriptive approach with research subjects of 1 teacher and
16 students. The data collection tools that researchers use are
observation, interviews and documentation. Data was analyzed
qualitatively using reduction, display and drawing conclusions. From
the results of the research carried out by the author, it can be seen that
the character of early childhood children at the Ulul Azmi Way Huwi
Kindergarten is starting to develop, it can be seen from the condition of
the children who are starting to develop (MB) 8 children out of 16
children. The author concludes that the role of teachers in forming the
character of early childhood through audio-visual media at the Ulul
Azmi Way Huwi Kindergarten is as: learning resource, facilitator,
manager, demonstrator, mentor, motivator, evaluator, can form honest,
cooperative, and responsibilities for early childhood through the activity
of watching stories by paying attention to the steps and achievement
indicators that are appropriate to the character development of early
childhood.
Keywords: Audio Visual Media, Character Building, Teacher's
Rol
Design and Build Monitoring of Security and Load Weight on IoT-Based Trucks
No full text72 HalamanPencurian dan kelebihan muatan pada truk sangat banyak terjadi saat ini pencurian tersebut dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerugian pada supir truk dan perusahaan, maka dari itu sangat diperlukan sistem untuk mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut, dengan menggunakan nodemcu sebagai mikrokontrollernya dan ditambahkan dengan beberapa sensor seperti sensor loadcell dan kamera untuk mencegah terjadinya pencurian dan kelebihan muatan, dimana ketika terjadinya pencurian pada truk kamera langsung dapat mengambil gambar pencuri secara realtime dan juga ketika muatan yang dibawa melebihi kapasitas yang seharusnya maka sensor loadcell akan membaca hasil tersebut dan mengirim notifikasi secara realtime, kedua notifikasi tersebut dikirimkan ke telegram sebagai output nya sehingga dapat dikatakan sistem ini berbasis IoT. Diharapkan dengan adanya sistem ini dapat mencegah terjadinya pencurian dan kelebihan muatan pada truk kedepannya. Theft and overloading of trucks is very common at this time the theft can cause losses to truck drivers and companies, therefore a system is needed to prevent this from happening, by using nodemcu as a microcontroller and adding several sensors such as load cell sensors and cameras to prevent theft and overloading, where when a theft occurs on a truck, the camera can immediately take pictures of thieves in real time and also when the load carried exceeds the capacity it should be, the load cell sensor will read the results and send notifications in real time , both notifications are sent to telegram as the output so that it can be said that this system is based on IoT. It is hoped that this system will prevent theft and overloading of trucks in the future
Family's Messengers Stories of Ulul Azmi in The Quran (A Thematic Interpretation)
No full textThis thematic study has based on the verses about the stories (Qaṣaṣ), the kind is the story of the Ulul Azmi messengers. Ulul Azmi messengers are the five prophets who were special by Allah as in Q.46:35, Q.33:7, and Q.42:13. They are messengers who have the high determination and patience in fighting for the Allah’s religion. A messenger was a usual people who certainly lives in a family, they have parents, wives, and children. Whether the special degree that they get was also supported by family support or even their own family which be test for themselves, because defiance or denial of the Allah law. So, how does the Quran explained their family stories and their position as part of a family? This question will be tried to be answered in this thesis research.
The research method is the thematic method (Mauḍū‘ī Method) which is presented based on the description and analysis of the Quran’s verses about family’s messengers stories of ulul azmi as primary data, would be taking from the interpretations of several commentaries book collected and then analyzed carefully by author, after that complement data from histories books and stories of the prophets books and other related readings.
Family’s messengers stories of Ulul Azmi becomes interesting because their family members were not fully obedient people. The Prophet Nuh was preached for 950 years but only a few of people were believers, and among those who did not believe were his wife and child. The Prophet Ibrahim has a father who a carver of idol and he had to awaken his father to follow a straight path, but his father was still stubbornly opposed. Then, Ibrahim married Sarah, then remarried a slave named Hajar. From Hajar he obtained a child named Ismail and from Sarah even they were old, God gave Ishaq to them. And all of the prophets after Ibrahim came from the generations of Ismail and Ishaq. The Prophet Musa, a baby born in the age of a boy must be killed, but Allah gave inspiration to his mother to make a chest and wash it in the Nile, until the chest beyond the king’s unjust palace, he was even cared and becomes king’s foster son. He fled to Madyan, and then he married a shepherd girl. The Prophet Isa was born from the holy girl was a servant of Baitul Maqdis, since his birth his mother had been bombarded with various heinous accusations because puerperal a baby without marriage, so Isa who was still in the cradle spoke and explained to his peoples to defend his mother. The Prophet Muhammad tested when his wives demanded more shopping, and he could only leave them for one month until the verse came down to this problem. There are some verses of the Quran concerned his wives, they are Khadijah, Aishah, Hafṣah, and Zainab.
Based on the results of analysis was getting family’s messengers stories of Ulul Azmi that not all of them was obedient people, some were pious and some were disbelieved to died. Each family’s messengers stories tucked many valuable lessons, about the piety of the parents who descend to their children, family relations in hereafter, family functions, responsibilities as parents, the good children, to obedience and betrayal of a wife.
Keyword: family’s messengers stories, ulul azmi
Fungsi dan Kedudukan Advokat Sebagai Penegak Hukum dan Penemu Hukum dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana
No full textPasal 24 UUD 1945 menempatkan kekuasaan kehakiman merupakan bagian yang terpenting dalam prinsip negara hukum guna mewujudkan suatu peradilan yang jujur, adil, dan memiliki kepastian hukum bagi semua pencari keadilan. Untuk terselenggaranya prinsip negara hukum tersebut salah satunya diperlukan porfesi advokat Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia mengatur peran dan fungsi advokat sebagai bagian dari badan-badan lain dalam kekuasaan kehakiman dan karenanya berlaku pula prinsip-pinsip kekuasaan kehakiman pada advokat yang salah satunya advokat dapat pula menemukan hukum dan menciptakan hukum melalui jasa hukumnya dalam pembelaan terhadap kepentingan hukum tersangka dan terdakwa maupun karena tanggung jawab moral profesinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji dan berusaha menemukan konsep advokat sebagai penemu hukum. Konsep advokat sebagai penemu hukum hukum ini sangat relevan diantara miskinnya penemuan hukum dalam putusan hakim di tingkat pertama maupun di tingkat banding yang kebanyakan cenderung hanya menguatkan putusan hakim di tingkat pertama demikian pula di tingkat Mahkamah Agung masih salah dalam menerapkan hukum maupun akibat adanya Undang-undang yang sarat dengan kepentingan politik serta praktik penegakan hukum yang buruk. Pasal 5 ayat (1) Undang-undang no. 18 tahun 2003 tentang Advokat menyebutkan “Advokat berstatus sebagai penegak hukum, bebas dan mandiri yang dijamin oleh hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan”, maka kedudukan adavokat adalah setara atau sederajat dengan aparat penegak hukum lainnya (Polisi, Jaksa, Hakim). Realita praktik penegakan hukum oleh advokat di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa advokat belum melaksanakan fungsi dan kedudukan sebagaimana filosofi funsgsi dan kedudukan advokat.Penulis menggunakan Teori Hak Asasi Manusia sebagai Grand Theory, Sistem Peradilan Pidana sebagai Middle Range Theory dan Teori Bantuan Hukum sebagai Applied Theory. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan hukum normatif maka pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundag-undangan serta pendekatan kasus didukung pula oleh pendekatan historis dan perbadingan hukum dengan spesifikasi yang bersifat deskriptif analitis,. Data utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data sekunder meliputi bahan hukum primer bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Analisis data dilakukan dengan secara yuridis kualitatif.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku belum memberikan pengakuan yang maksimal terhadap advokat dalam menjalankan profesinya. Bahwa advokat dalam praktiknya belum dapat dikategorikan sebagai penegak hukum, penempatan advokat sebagai subsistem dalam sistem peradilan harus diimplementasikan dengan pengaturan dalam Undang-undangan secara konkrit bahwa setiap orang yang disangka atau didakwa melakukan tindak pidana wajib didampingi oleh advokat dalam setiap proses pemeriksaan tanpa adanya pembatasan berdasarkan ancaman hukuman pidana terhadap tersangka/terdakwa. Dalam Rancangan Undang-undang Advokat kedepan harus secara tegas mengatur tentang fungsi advokat yang merinci tenatang kewenangan advokat dalam menjalankan profesinya sebagai penegak hukum dengan profesional, itikad baik, bermoral dan sesuai dengan kode etik perofesi sehingga advokat dapat berperan sebagai penemu hukum dan membantu hakim dalam menciptakan hukum serta berkontribusi membantu pembentukan hukum nasional
Implementation of Oversight by the National Land Agency Against Officials Making Land Deed Who Commits Violations in Padang City Based on Ministerial Regulation Number 2 Year 2018
No full textIn state life, everyone has the same rights before the law. Even so, it does not mean that everyone is free to do anything, everything has a rule of law which if violated will be subject to sanctions in accordance with the rules that govern. In other words the law must be upheld in order to create a harmonious life. Enforcement of the law is no exception for Land Deed Making Officials, Land Deed Making Officials can also be subject to sanctions if they violate the rule of law. Therefore, in carrying out their duties, the Land Drafting Officer must obtain supervision so that he does not violate his position. With the Ministerial Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Development and Supervision of Land Deed Making Officials, Land Deed Making Officials must be guided by these rules, so that they can carry out their duties properly. However, when the Land Deed Making Official violates the rules, it is possible to impose sanctions on the Land Deed Making Official, such as a respectful dismissal, an honorable dismissal, a temporary dismissal, or even with a written warning. The method used in this study is the Empirical Method which is analyzed qualitatively. To strengthen the research results, interviews were conducted with relevant parties at the research location. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the Head of the Regional Office of the National Land Agency / Head of the Land Office has the authority to conduct guidance and supervision of Land Deed Making Officials, where the Head of the Regional Office of the National Land Agency / Head of the Land Office establishes the Supervisory Board and Guidance of Land Drafting Officials to help convey and explain the policies stipulated by the Minister regarding the implementation of his duties as Land Deed Making Officials. Then despite the enactment of Permen Number 2 of 2018, but the law enforcement is not as expected. Land Deed Making Officials who are facing legal problems seem to struggle alone without supervision from the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials. Even Land Deed Making Officials who have already been convicted did not get sanctions from the National Land Agency or Board of Trustees and Supervisory Land Deed Making Officials. In other words, there is no supervision over the Acting Author of the Land Deed. Furthermore, there are obstacles in carrying out guidance and supervision of Land Deed Making Officials by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials such as: There are no technical guidelines (technical guidelines) / implementation instructions (operational guidelines) even there is no Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) clear and strict regarding the supervision of the Land Deed Making Official. then the imbalance between the number of the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Drafting Officials and the number of Land Deed Making Officials itself causes the process of supervision by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials. there are obstacles in carrying out guidance and supervision of Land Deed Making Officials by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials such as: There are no technical guidelines (technical guidelines) / implementation instructions (operational guidelines) even there is no clear Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and firmly regarding supervision of the Land Deed Making Official. then the imbalance between the number of the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Drafting Officials and the number of Land Deed Making Officials itself causes the process of supervision by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials. there are obstacles in carrying out guidance and supervision of Land Deed Making Officials by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials such as: There are no technical guidelines (technical guidelines) / implementation instructions (operational guidelines) even there is no clear Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and firmly regarding supervision of the Land Deed Making Official. then the imbalance between the number of the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Drafting Officials and the number of Land Deed Making Officials itself causes the process of supervision by the National Land Agency and the Board of Trustees and Supervisors of Land Deed Making Officials
MUAMMER ENISE AZMI: AS A ROMANTIC NOVELIST IN THE SECOND CONSTİTUTİONAL ERA
No full textMeşrutiyet Dönemi, Osmanlı basını açısından oldukça hareketli ve velut bir dönemi içerir. Basın hayatındaki hareketliliğe bağlı olarak okuryazar kadınlar da makalelerini, mektuplarını ve çeşitli türlerde kaleme aldıkları edebî metinlerini dergilere gönderirler. Ancak dönem içerisinde edebî eserler kaleme alan bazı kadın yazarların zaman içerisinde yazma faaliyetlerini bıraktıkları da görülmektedir. Meşrutiyet yıllarında popüler aşk romanı türünde bir eser yazan, edebiyat dergilerinde hikâye ve deneme türünde eserler yayımlayan Muammer Enise Azmi de Cumhuriyet’ten sonra yazma faaliyetlerinden uzaklaşarak eğitim ve politika ile ilgilenmiştir. Bu makalede, hayatı ve eserleri hakkında daha önce herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış olan Muammer Enise Azmi’nin biyografisi hakkında bilgi verilerek yazarın Tokat milletvekili Muammer Develi olduğu ortaya konulacaktır. Ayrıca yazarın Meşrutiyet Dönemi dergilerinde yayımladığı eserler de incelenerek popüler aşk romanı türüne giren Aşk ve Günah romanı tematik ve kurgusal açıdan incelenecektir. Aşk ve Günah’ın popüler roman özelliklerini taşıyan yönleri belirlenerek karşılaştırmalı bir biçimde yorumlanacaktır.The Second Constitutional Era involves a very dynamic and
productive era for press of the Ottoman Empire. Literate
women sent their articles, letters and literary texts in several
genres to journals of that period, depending on this dynamism
in press activities. However in this era, it is seen that some
women writers abandoned their writing activities over time.
Muammer Enise Azmi wrote a popular romance novel in the
Second Constitutional Era. He also published some works in
the genre of stories and essays in literary journals. After
proclamation of the republic, he became interested in
education and politics by leaving his writing activities.
There are no studies about Muammer Enise Azmi’s life and
works. This article will provide information about his
biography and it will be claimed that this author is Muammer
Develi, a member of parliament from Tokat. In addition, his
works in journals of this era will also be discussed. As a
popular romance novel, Aşk ve Günah will be analyzed
thematically and fictionally. In this way, the characteristic of
popular novel of Aşk ve Günah will be determined and
interpreted comparatively
Sejarah organisasi pendidikan dan sosial Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Lithalibil Khairiyah Tanjung Pura Langkat
No full textMUAMMER ENISE AZMI: AS A ROMANTIC NOVELIST IN THE SECOND CONSTİTUTİONAL ERA
No full textMeşrutiyet Dönemi, Osmanlı basını açısından oldukça hareketli ve velut bir dönemi içerir. Basın hayatındaki hareketliliğe bağlı olarak okuryazar kadınlar da makalelerini, mektuplarını ve çeşitli türlerde kaleme aldıkları edebî metinlerini dergilere gönderirler. Ancak dönem içerisinde edebî eserler kaleme alan bazı kadın yazarların zaman içerisinde yazma faaliyetlerini bıraktıkları da görülmektedir. Meşrutiyet yıllarında popüler aşk romanı türünde bir eser yazan, edebiyat dergilerinde hikâye ve deneme türünde eserler yayımlayan Muammer Enise Azmi de Cumhuriyet’ten sonra yazma faaliyetlerinden uzaklaşarak eğitim ve politika ile ilgilenmiştir. Bu makalede, hayatı ve eserleri hakkında daha önce herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış olan Muammer Enise Azmi’nin biyografisi hakkında bilgi verilerek yazarın Tokat milletvekili Muammer Develi olduğu ortaya konulacaktır. Ayrıca yazarın Meşrutiyet Dönemi dergilerinde yayımladığı eserler de incelenerek popüler aşk romanı türüne giren Aşk ve Günah romanı tematik ve kurgusal açıdan incelenecektir. Aşk ve Günah’ın popüler roman özelliklerini taşıyan yönleri belirlenerek karşılaştırmalı bir biçimde yorumlanacaktır.The Second Constitutional Era involves a very dynamic and
productive era for press of the Ottoman Empire. Literate
women sent their articles, letters and literary texts in several
genres to journals of that period, depending on this dynamism
in press activities. However in this era, it is seen that some
women writers abandoned their writing activities over time.
Muammer Enise Azmi wrote a popular romance novel in the
Second Constitutional Era. He also published some works in
the genre of stories and essays in literary journals. After
proclamation of the republic, he became interested in
education and politics by leaving his writing activities.
There are no studies about Muammer Enise Azmi’s life and
works. This article will provide information about his
biography and it will be claimed that this author is Muammer
Develi, a member of parliament from Tokat. In addition, his
works in journals of this era will also be discussed. As a
popular romance novel, Aşk ve Günah will be analyzed
thematically and fictionally. In this way, the characteristic of
popular novel of Aşk ve Günah will be determined and
interpreted comparatively
Pengabdian alumni sepanjang masa: Alumni Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Li Thalibil Khairiyah Tanjung Pura Langkat
No full textPENARIKAN HARTA WAKAF MENURUT PENDAPAT EMPAT MADZHAB DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG WAKAF Naelul azmi, 1752144022
No full textABSTRAK
Tesis dengan judul “Penarikan Harta Wakaf Menurut Pendapat Empat Madzhab dan Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf” ini ditulis oleh Naelul Azmi dengan dibimbing oleh Dr. H. M. Saifudin Zuhri M.Ag. dan Dr. H. Ahmad Muhtadi Anshor, M.Ag.
Kata Kunci: Penarikan, Harta Wakaf, Pendapat Empat Madzhab, Undang-undang Nomor 41 tahun 2004.
Penelitian dalam tesis ini dilatarbelakangi oleh Bahwa wakaf di Indonesia merupakan persoalan klasik yang sampai saat ini belum tuntas dan belum selesai seratus persen, walaupun perangkat peraturan perundangannya telah cukup banyak dan menjanjikan. Kasus-kasus menguapnya sejumlah harta wakaf di berbagai daerah di hampir seluruh Indonesia khususnya kasus penarikan kembali harta wakaf, membuktikan bahwa di sana masih banyak masalah yang harus segera dipecahkan.
Focus masalah dalam tesis ini diantaranya adalah, 1. Bagaimana pendapat empat Madzhab tentang hukum penarikan harta wakaf? 2. Bagaimana penjelasan Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang wakaf dalam hal penarikan harta wakaf? 3. Bagaimana komparasi penarikan harta wakaf menurut empat madzhab dan Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang wakaf?
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah library research yang berarti suatu research kepustakaan atau penelitian kepustakaan murni. diantara data primernya adalah : Al Musnad al-Imam ibn Hanbal, al-Umm, al-Muatha’, fiqh al-Akbar, dan Undang-undang nomor 41 tahun 2004 tentang wakaf. Sedangkan data skundernya adalah literatur lainnya yang relevan dengan judul tesis ini. Pendekatan penelitiannya adalah metode deskriptif analisis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Dalam penarikan harta wakaf ada sedikit perbedaan diantara pendapat empat Madzhab diantaranya: (a) Pendapat Imam Hanafi tidak diperbolehkan bagi wakif untuk menarik harta wakaf. (b) Pendapat Imam Maliki, kepemilikan menurut adzhab Maliki masih berada di tangan si pemberi. karena mengandung maksud bahwa orang yang diberi wakaf ibarat seorang hamba yang melayani tuannya hingga meniggal. Sehingga harta wakaf yang telah diberikan kepada penerima wakaf bias ditarik kembali oleh wakif. (c) Pendapat madzhab Syafi’I, menurut madzhab Syafi’I bahwa harta yang di wakafkan terlepas dari si wakif dan menjadi milik Allah, Akibatnya adalah bahwa benda yang telah diwakafkan tidak boleh ditarik kembali. (d) Pendapat madzhab Hambali, kepemilikan Harta Wakaf menurut pendapat Imam Ahmad Bin Hambal bahwa kepemilikan harta wakaf berpindah kepada orang yang diwakafi.
Sehingga wakif tidak bias menarik harta yang telah diwakafkannya. (2) Undang – undang no 41 tahun 2004 tidak mengantur secara detail (jelas) tentang penarikan kembali harta benda yang sudah diwakafkan. Undang – Undang no 41 Tahun 2004 disebutkan, harta benda yang sudah diwakafkan dilarang: Dijadikan jaminan, disita, dihibahkan, dijual, diwariskan, ditukar, dan dialihkan dalam bentuk pengalihan.(3) pembahasan terkait penarikan harta wakaf ada perbedaan di masing-masing madzhab, imam hanafi yang membolehkan penarikan harta wakaf, imam malik yang boleh ditarik harta wakafnya ketika sudah habis jangka waktunya, imam syafi’i dan hambali yang sama sekali tidak boleh, karena kehati-hatian imam syafi’i dalam memutuskan ijtihadnya. sedangkan dalam undang-undang Nomor 41 tahun 2004 tidak disebutkan secara jelas terkait pelarangan penarikan harta wakaf. Oleh karena itu menurut penulis hendaknya dibuat Peraturan Pemerintah atau mengamandemen Undang-undang nomor 41 tahun 2004
ABSTRACT
Thesis titled "Withdrawal of Assets Endowments According Opinions of four schools and Law No. 41 of 2004 on Wakaf" was written by Naelul Azmi guided by Dr. H. M. Saifuddin Zuhri M.Ag. and Dr. H. Ahmad Muhtadi Anshor, M.Ag.
Keywords: Withdrawal, Treasure Endowments, Opinion of Four Schools, Law No. 41 of 2004.
The research in this thesis is motivated by that endowment in Indonesia is a classic issue that until now and it has one hundred percents not completed yet, although the regulation of its laws has been quite a lot and promised. Cases of evaporation of a Treasure Endowments in various areas in almost all of Indonesia, especially the case of the withdrawal of Treasure Endowments, proving that there are still many problems that must be solved.
Focus problem in this thesis include: 1. What is the opinion about withdrawal of four wakaf property by four schools? 2. What is the explanation of Law No. 41 of 2004 on wakaf in the withdrawal of wakaf property? 3. How comparative withdrawal Treasure Endowments according to the four schools and Law No. 41 of 2004 on Wakaf?
The method which used in this study is a research library which means a research literature or pure literature research. The primary datas of this research are: Al Musnad al-Imam ibn Hanbal, al-Umm al-Muatha ', Fiqh al-Akbar, and Law No. 41 of 2004 on wakaf. The sekunder datas are other literature relevant to the title of this thesis. The Research approach that used is descriptive analysis method.
The results showed that (1) In the withdrawal of wakaf property there is little difference among the four schools: (a) Opinion of Imam Hanafi is not permissible for wakif to attract wakaf property. (b) Opinion of Imam Maliki, according school of Maliki the ownership of wakaf property is still in the hands of the giver. because they mean that people who were given endowments like a slave who serves his master to die. So that the wakaf property had been given to the recipient endowments can withdrawn by wakif. (c) Opinion Shafi'i schools, according to the Shafi'i schools that treasure which be endowments is regardless of the wakif and belong to God, The result is that the object has been endowment should not be withdrawn. (d) Opinion schools Hambali, Treasure ownership of endowments in the opinion of Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal that endowment property ownership is transferred to the person who receive the endowments. Wakif can not withdrawn the property that used be the endowments. (2) The laws No. 41 of 2004 does not manage obviously about withdrawal of property that has been being
the wakaf. The laws No. 41 of 2004 mentioned that property which is already be the wakaf is prohibited: Used as collateral, seized, assigned, sold, inherited, exchanged and transferred in the form of diversion. (3) The discussion about the withdrawal of wakaf property, there were differences in each schools, Imam Hanafi allowed withdrawal of wakaf property, Imam Malik allowed withdrawal wakaf property when it expired, Syafi'i and Hanbali that absolutely should not be, because of Imam Syafi’i’s prudence on establishing his interpretations. whereas in the law No. 41 of 2004 is not explicitly to mention the prohibition of withdrawal of wakaf property. Therefore, according to the author should be made the government regulation or amend Law No. 41 of 2004 on wakaf.
الملخص
الرسالة تحت الموضوع " أخذ مال الوقف عند المذاهب الأربعة وعند
الدستور الحكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن الوقف " الباحث : نيل العزم المرشد :
د. الحاج محمد سيف الدين الزهري المرشد : د. الحاج أحمد مهتدي أنصاري.
الكلمات المهمات : الاخذ ، مال الوقف ، رأي المذاهب الأربعة ، دستور
حكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤
هذا البحث يأخذ من أن هناك مسألة قديمية في اندونيسيا عن الوقف التي
لم تحل حلها حتى الآن ولو كان هناك دستورا كثيرا يتكلم عنها. مسائل الوقف
التي تتوقع في أي مكان في اندونيسيا و خصوصا المسئلة عن أخذ مال
الوقف.هذه الرسالة تبحث عن : ١. ما آراء المذاهب الأربعة عن حكم أخذ مال
الوقف ؟ ٢. ما بيان دستور حكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن أخذ مال الوقف ؟ ٣ .
ما مبادلة حكم مال أخذمال الوقف بين أراء المذاهب الأربعة و دستور حكمي رقم
٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن الوقف ؟
المنهج العلمي في هذا البحث المنهج المكتبي يعني المنهج بالكتب
الخالصة. منها كتاب المسند للإمام ابن حنبل والأم و كتاب الموطاء و الفقه الأكبر
و الدستور الحكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن الوقف و غيرها من الكتب التي تتكلم
عن الوقف.
يحصل من هذا البحث بعض النتائج : ١ . اختلاف آراء المذاهب الأربعة
عن أخذ مال الوقف أ. عند الحنفية لا يجوز للواقف ان يطلب أخذ مال الوقف.
ب. عند المالكية يجوز للواقف ان يطلب أخذ مال الوقف لأن التمليك في مال
الوقف في يد المعطي و لأن من الذي يعطى مال الوقف كالعبد يخدم سيده حتى
مات. ج. عند الشافعية لا يجوز للواقف ان يطلب أخذ مال الوقف لأن المال
الموقوف ليس ملكا للواقف ولكن لله. د. عند الحنابلة لا يجوز للواقف ان يطلب
أخذ مال الوقف لأن التملك في مال الوقف ينقل من الواقف إلي من وقف. ٢. لا
يشرح الدستور الحكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن أخذ مال الوقف.و فيه يبين أن
المال الموقوف ممنوع تصرفاته في الرهن والهبة والبيع والارث والمبادلة
وغيرها. ٣ . المبادلة بين آراء المذاهب الأربعة و الدستور الحكمي أن المذاهب
الأربعة إلا المالكية يمنعون عن أخذ مال الوقف ومع أن الدستور الحكمي لا
يشرح عنه قط.ومن هذه المبادلة ينبغي للحكومة عند الباحث ان يضع دستورا
جديدا أو يغير الدستور الحكمي رقم ٤١ سنة ٢٠٠٤ عن الوقف
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