130,456 research outputs found
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Boundary triples for integral systems on finite intervals
No full textThe author is grateful to professor V. Derkach for constant attention to this work
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
Boundary triples for integral systems on finite intervals
No full textThe author is grateful to professor V. Derkach for constant attention to this work
Measurements of the D-region plasma using active falling plasms probes
No full textThe MEDUSA experiment, as a part of the REXUS/BEXUS project, develops a new in-situ technique probing the lower ionosphere plasma by two daughter payloads. These identical daughter payloads contain sensitive structures which are exposed to the atmosphere. This structure consists of a grid, which surrounds an ion collector that is connected to a electrometer. The collector has a negative potential, the measured current at an electrometer is proportional to the ion density measurements. The grid is on plasma potential and retards the fast ions. At the same time a debye sheath evolves around the grid. The grid and the debye sheath builds a capacitor which is part of a oscillating circuit. Measuring the frequency of this circuit provides a relative measure of the electron density. An acceleration sensor inside each payload can be used to derive neutral gas density profiles from the Navier-Stokes equation. These neutral density profiles can be used to investigate possible correlations with the plasma densites. A GPS receiver on each subpayload provides in-situ horizontal information of all three physical quantities (electron, ion and neutral density) that hasn't been available in this scientific field before. During the REXUS 15/16 campaign a rocket will bring the two probes up to 90 km, which are then ejected from the main payload. In the following, the daughter payloads measure the electron and ion density. The data is stored on the daughter payloads and is sent also to a ground station if a recovery of the probe is not possible. The scientific scope of MEDUSA is measuring small scale fluctuations in the plasma density of the D-region. Enabling investigations on the physics of the atmospheric phenomenon polar mesospheric winter echos (PMWE), which are radar echos in the range of 55-80 km. The measurement is supported by ground based instruments and model studies at winter polar latitudes
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
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