821 research outputs found
Marmiteiros, agitadores e subversivos: política e participação popular em Florianópolis, 1945-1964
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Campinas, 2013.Entre 1945 e 1964, o Brasil vivenciou um período de criação de partidos políticos e eleições diretas para os principais cargos dos poderes do executivo e legislativo. Foi também um contexto marcado pela euforia desenvolvimentista, por greves e por motins urbanos contra o aumento do custo de vida. O trabalhador na condição de eleitor tornava-se central para a conquista do poder público. Florianópolis, ao contrário de outras capitais ou de cidades com grandes indústrias, não tinha um grande contingente de operários. Sua dinâmica assentava-se na condição de centro administrativo do estado de Santa Catarina. Contudo, a ausência de uma classe operária em sentido "clássico" não significou a esterilização das lutas sociais. A partir da análise de fontes variadas - como jornais, pesquisas de opinião, dados eleitorais, documentos parlamentares - essa tese investigou os canais de diálogo estabelecidos entre classes trabalhadoras e grupos políticos. Verificou-se uma conjuntura mais complexa do que as tradicionais interpretações da história política catarinense. Alguns postulados que tomavam o estado como polarizado entre UDN e PSD, com um PTB fraco e restrito ao papel de "fiel da balança" no equilíbrio entre os dois maiores partidos, foram relativizados. Interpretações consagradas, tendo por base os resultados das eleições, afirmaram que Florianópolis apresentava "forte predomínio" do PSD. Todavia, a investigação das múltiplas experiências tecidas entre candidatos, partidos e trabalhadores, consubstanciada com a análise da distribuição dos votos dos candidatos por regiões da cidade, permitiu enxergar para além da prevalência de uma sigla. Lideranças políticas, lembradas posteriormente como "donos da cidade", como Aderbal Ramos da Silva, nem sempre tiveram esse reconhecimento. Personagens taxados de "agitadores" ou "demagogos", como Manoel de Menezes, foram forças políticas expressivas e, algumas vezes, colocaram em xeque o domínio dos chamados grandes partidos. A relação entre políticos e classes trabalhadoras florianopolitanas não foi e nem pode ser pensada como mera reprodução das movimentações nacionais tampouco como epifenômeno isolado em suas peculiaridades. A partir das relações entre o regional e o nacional, esse trabalho tentou compreender as instáveis alianças entre os atores sociais e os variados meios através dos quais as classes trabalhadoras inseriram a luta por direitos na pauta política da cidade.Abstract : Between 1945 and 1964, Brazil experienced a period of political parties creation and of the establishment of direct elections for the most important positions of the executive and legislative powers. The period was also marked by developmentalist euphoria, strikes and urban riots against the rising on the living cost. The worker, recognized in the voter condition, became central to the achievement of public power. Florianopolis, unlike other capitals or cities with large industries, had no significant contingent of workers. The city's dynamic relied on the condition of administrative center of the state of Santa Catarina. However, the absence of a working class in the "classic" sense did not mean the sterilization of social struggles. From the analysis of various sources - such as newspapers, opinion polls, electoral data, parliamentary documents, this study investigated the channels of dialogues established between the working classes and political groups. It was verified a more complex conjuncture than the traditional interpretation of Santa Catarina political history. Some understandings of the state as polarized between UDN and PSD, with a weak PTB, restricted to the role of "true balance" in the equilibrium between the two major parties, were relativized. Interpretations based on the results of the elections equally affirmed that Florianópolis presented "strong predominance" of PSD. However, the investigation of multiple experiences woven among candidates, parties and workers, embodied with the analysis of the vote distributions of the candidate for city regions, allowed seeing beyond the prevalence of one acronym. Political leaders, such as Aderbal Ramos da Silva, later remembered as the "city owner", was not always recognized. On the other hand, characters labeled as "troublemakers" or "demagogues", like Manoel de Menezes, were significant political forces, sometimes able to put into question the dominance of the so-called big parties. The relationship between politics and the working class from Florianópolis was not, nor can it be thought of, as mere reproduction of national movements, neither as epiphenomenon isolated in its peculiarities. Thus, from the relations between the regional and the national, the present work seeks to understand the unstable alliances between social actors and the various means by which the working classes inserted the fight for rights on the political agenda of the city
Aníbal Cavaco Silva, e o PSD e a evolução da democracia portuguesa: o XI Governo Constitucional, 1987-1991
No full textEsta dissertação de mestrado em Ciência Política apresenta como objetivo nuclear o estudo da obra realizada pelo XI Governo Constitucional (1987-1991), liderado por Aníbal Cavaco Silva, e o seu reflexo na evolução da democracia portuguesa. Com efeito, ultrapassadas as fases da transição e da consolidação democrática, inicia-se um novo ciclo, de forte estabilização política, com Cavaco Silva e o PSD a centrarem a sua atenção na melhoria da eficiência e da qualidade da democracia, sustentando que essa melhoria depende, expressivamente, da prossecução do processo de modernização do país e da obtenção de um crescimento económico duradouro, as quais implicam a concretização de uma série de reformas estruturais e o aproveitamento das condições vantajosas resultantes da adesão de Portugal à CEE.This master degree dissertation in Political Science has as main purpose the study of the work
performed by XI Constitutional Government (1987-1991), led by Aníbal Cavaco Silva, and its
reflection in the evolution of Portuguese democracy. Indeed, outdated stages of transition
and democratic consolidation, begins a new cycle of strong political stabilization, with Cavaco
Silva and PSD focusing their attention on improving the efficiency and quality of democracy,
arguing that this improvement depends, significantly, on the continuation of the
modernization process of the country and achieving a sustainable economic growth, which
involve the implementation of a series of structural reforms and the use of the advantageous
conditions resulting from the accession of Portugal to the EEC
PDZ protein interactions underlying NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity and neuroprotection by PSD-95 inhibitors
No full textIn neuronal synapses, PDZ domains [postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95)/Discs large/zona occludens-1] of PSD-95 proteins interact with C termini of NMDA receptor [NMDAR (NR)] subunits, linking them to downstream neurotoxic signaling molecules. Perturbing NMDAR/PSD-95 interactions with a Tat peptide comprising the nine C-terminal residues of the NR2B subunit (Tat-NR2B9c) reduces neurons' vulnerability to excitotoxicity and ischemia. However, NR subunit C termini may bind many of >240 cellular PDZs, any of which could mediate neurotoxic signaling independently of PSD-95. Here, we performed a proteomic and biochemical analysis of the interactions of all known human PDZs with synaptic signaling proteins including NR1, NR2A-NR2D, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Tat-NR2B9c, whose interactions define PDZs involved in neurotoxic signaling, was also used. NR2A-NR2D subunits and Tat-NR2B9c had similar, highly specific, PDZ protein interactions, of which the strongest were with the PSD-95 family members (PSD-95, PSD-93, SAP97, and SAP102) and Tax interaction protein 1 (TIP1). The PSD-95 PDZ2 domain bound NR2A-NR2C subunits most strongly (EC50, approximately 1 microM), and fusing the NR2B C terminus to Tat enhanced its affinity for PSD-95 PDZ2 by >100-fold (EC50, approximately 7 nM). IC50 values for Tat-NR2B9c inhibiting NR2A-NR2C/PSD-95 interactions (approximately 1-10 microM) and nNOS/PSD-95 interactions (200 nM) confirmed the feasibility of such inhibition. To determine which of the PDZ interactions of Tat-NR2B9c mediate neuroprotection, one of PSD-95, PSD-93, SAP97, SAP102, TIP1, or nNOS expression was inhibited in cortical neurons exposed to NMDA toxicity. Only neurons lacking PSD-95 or nNOS but not PSD-93, SAP97, SAP102, or TIP1 exhibited reduced excitotoxic vulnerability. Thus, despite the ubiquitousness of PDZ domain-containing proteins, PSD-95 and nNOS above any other PDZ proteins are keys in effecting NMDAR-dependent excitotoxicity. Consequently, PSD-95 inhibition may constitute a highly specific strategy for treating excitotoxic disorders.Accession Number: 17855605 Language: English. Date Revised: 20071203. Date Created: 20070914. Date Completed: 20071011. Update Code: 20071211. Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Journal ID: 8102140. Publication Model: Print. Cited Medium: Internet. NLM ISO Abbr: J. Neurosci.Source type: Electronic(1)http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cmedm&AN=17855605&loginpage=login.asp&site=ehost-liv
Noise PSD Insensitive RTF Estimation in a Reverberant and Noisy Environment
No full textSpatial filtering techniques typically rely on estimates of the target relative transfer function (RTF). However, the target speech signal is typically corrupted by late reverberation and ambient noise, which complicates RTF estimation. Existing methods subtract the noise covariance matrix to obtain the target plus late reverberation covariance matrix, from where the RTF is estimated. However, the noise covariance matrix is typically unknown. More specifically, the noise power spectral density (PSD) is typically unknown, while the spatial coherence matrix can be assumed known as it might remain time-invariant for a longer time. Using the spatial coherence matrices we simplify the signal model such that the off-diagonal elements are not affected by the PSDs of the late reverberation and the ambient noise. Then we use these elements to estimate the target covariance matrix, from where the RTF can be obtained. Hence, the resulting estimate of the RTF is insensitive to the noise PSD. Experiments demonstrate the estimation performance of our proposed method.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Signal Processing System
The Private Cost of Long-Term Care in Canada: Where You Live Matters
No full textCanadians expect the same access to health care whether they are rich or poor, and wherever they live, often without direct charge at the point of service. However, we find that the private cost of long-term care differs greatly across the country, and within provinces, we find substantial variation, depending on income level, marital status, and, in Quebec alone, on assets owned. A non-married person with average income would pay more than twice as much in the Atlantic provinces as in Quebec, while a couple with one in care would pay almost four times as much in Newfoundland as in Alberta.long-term care, private cost
A comparison of graded PSD methods in slurry transport
No full textMost methods for determining the hydraulic gradient of slurry transport are based on a single particle size. A few methods describe how to deal with a graded Particle Size Distribution (PSD). The way these methods deal with graded PSD's is very different. The original Durand/Condolios method defines an equivalent particle diameter, based on a weighted average of particle Froude numbers using the parallel resistor method. The heterogeneous Wilson model uses a power for the dependency of the hydraulic gradient on the line speed, where this power is smaller, the more graded the PSD. This power has a maximum of 1.7 for single sized particle solids and a minimum of 0.25 in the Wilson model. The Sellgren & Wilson 4 component model divides the PSD in 4 components based on particle size boundaries. For each particle size based component, the corresponding model is applied. These models are the homogeneous model for very small particles influencing the viscosity, the reduced Equivalent Liquid Model for small particles, the heterogeneous model for medium sized particles and the two-layer and three layer models for large particles. The 4th model considered is the Delft Head Loss & Limit Deposit Velocity Framework, dividing the PSD in fractions. The number of fractions is free to choose, but normally 9 is sufficient. First the carrier liquid properties are adjusted based on the fines fraction. Secondly the hydraulic gradient curve is determined for each fraction. These hydraulic gradient curves are added, multiplied with the fraction. The paper describes the 4 methods and gives pros and cons of each method. The 4 methods are compared with each other. © BHR Group Hydrotransport 20.Voor overeenkomstige PowerPoint-presentatie zie: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sape_Miedema/publication/317684169_Paper_12_Miedema/data/5948c4b3458515db1fd71cb3/Paper-12-Miedema.pdfOffshore and Dredging Engineerin
PSD-95 regulates synaptic kainate receptors at mouse hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses
No full textKainate-type glutamate receptors (KARs) are the third class of ionotropic glutamate receptors whose activation leads to the unique roles in regulating synaptic transmission and circuit functions. In contrast to AMPA receptors (AMPARs), little is known about the mechanism of synaptic localization of KARs. PSD-95, a major scaffold protein of the postsynaptic density, is a candidate molecule that regulates the synaptic KARs. Although PSD-95 was shown to bind directly to KARs subunits, it has not been tested whether PSD-95 regulates synaptic KARs in intact synapses. Using PSD-95 knockout mice, we directly investigated the role of PSD-95 in the KARs-mediated components of synaptic transmission at hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapse, one of the synapses with the highest density of KARs. Mossy fiber EPSCs consist of AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-mediated fast component and KAR-mediated slower component, and the ratio was significantly reduced in PSD-95 knockout mice. The size of KARs-mediated field EPSP reduced in comparison with the size of the fiber volley. Analysis of KARs-mediated miniature EPSCs also suggested reduced synaptic KARs. All the evidence supports critical roles of PSD-95 in regulating synaptic KARs
Low Complexity DFT-Domain Noise PSD Tracking Using High-Resolution Periodograms
No full textAlthough most noise reduction algorithms are critically dependent on the noise power spectral density (PSD), most procedures for noise PSD estimation fail to obtain good estimates in nonstationary noise conditions. Recently, a DFT-subspace-based method was proposed which improves noise PSD estimation under these conditions. However, this approach is based on eigenvalue decompositions per DFT bin, and might be too computationally demanding for low-complexity applications like hearing aids. In this paper we present a noise tracking method with low complexity, but approximately similar noise tracking performance as the DFT-subspace approach. The presented method uses a periodogram with resolution that is higher than the spectral resolution used in the noise reduction algorithm itself. This increased resolution enables estimation of the noise PSD even when speech energy is present at the time-frequency point under consideration. This holds in particular for voiced type of speech sounds which can be modelled using a small number of complex exponentials.MediamaticsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Is sea-ice-driven Eurasian cooling too weak in models?
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Nature Research via the DOI in this recordData availability:
The FACTS and CESM simulations are freely available and were obtained from the following repositories: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/repository/facts and https://www.cesm.ucar.edu/projects/community-projects/LENS
Die Zahlungsdiensterichtlinie (PSD I) und ihre aufsichtsrechtliche Umsetzung im Vereinigten Königreich und Deutschland.
No full textDie vollharmonisierende Zahlungsdiensterichtlinie 2007/64/EG (PSD I) vermochte es nicht, ihr Ziel der Einführung eines gemeinschaftsweit einheitlichen aufsichtsrechtlichen Rahmens für Zahlungsdienste zu erreichen. Eine komparative Analyse der Umsetzungsakte der PSD I des Vereinigten Königreiches (Payment Services Regulations 2009) und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Zahlungsdiensteaufsichtsgesetz) zeigt, dass Defizite der PSD I im nationalen Recht zu divergierenden Qualifikationen erlaubnispflichtiger Zahlungsdienste führen. Der Autor untersucht in diesem Zusammenhang etwa die umstrittene aufsichtsrechtliche Zuordnung innovativer Zahlungsweisen wie Vermittlungsleistungen mit Treuhanddiensten, Inkassotätigkeiten, das Factoring und Mobile Payments. Zudem wird die Reichweite erlaubnispflichtiger Zahlungsdienste insgesamt genauso wie von Bereichsausnahmen, geographischen sowie intensitätsbezogenen Voraussetzungen näher bestimmt und es werden konstruktive und praxisrelevante Lösungsvorschläge zu Streitfragen entwickelt. Dies geschieht im Lichte der zweiten Zahlungsdiensterichtlinie 2015/2366/EU (PSD II), die bis zum 13. Januar 2018 in nationales Recht zu überführen ist.»The Payment Services Directive (PSD I) and the Implementation of its Supervisory Framework in the United Kingdom and Germany«The Payment Services Directive (PSD I), as a maximum harmonisation directive, was implemented in the United Kingdom through the PSR 2009 and in Germany through the Zahlungsdiensteaufsichtsgesetz. Due to diverging qualifications of Payment Services requiring authorisation as a Payment Institution under the national laws, the author seeks to determine the positive and negative scope and develops approaches to address deficiencies and inconsistencies in the national regulations. Thereby the author also considers amendments due to the forthcoming implementation of the PSD II until January 2018
- …
