157,182 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Contributions of Professor Amartya Sen in the Field of Human Rights
No full textThis paper analyses the work of the Nobel Prize winning economist Professor Amartya Sen from the perspective of human rights. It assesses the ways in which Sen's research agenda has deepened and expanded human rights discourse in the disciplines of ethics and economics, and examines how his work has promoted cross-fertilisation and integration on this subject across traditional disciplinary divides. The paper suggests that Sen's development of a 'scholarly bridge' between human rights and economics is an important and innovative contribution that has methodological as well as substantive importance and that provides a prototype and stimuli for future research. It also establishes that the idea of fundamental freedoms and human rights is itself an important gateway into understanding the nature, scope and significance of Sen's research. The paper concludes with a brief assessment of the challenges to be addressed in taking Sen's contributions in the field of human rights forward.Amartya Sen, human rights, poverty, freedom, obligation, capability approach, meta-rights, entitlements, opportunity freedom, liberty-rights
1963 -- Correspondence, Unsorted -- letter, 1963-08-02
No full textLetter from Sen, B. R. to Sabin, Albert B. dated 1963-08-02.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
Inequalities, Agency, and Well-being: Conceptual Linkages and Measurement Challenges in Development
No full textdevelopment, inequality, gender, well-being, agency, capability, distribution, Sen
Ethical accountability and routine moral stress in SEN professionals
No full textThis small-scale interview study considers experiences, difficulties and dilemmas of local SEN (Special Educational Needs) professionals such as SEN Caseworkers, and examines the neglected ethical dimensions of their role. It argues that fostering ‘ethical knowledge’ (Campbell, 2003), rather than an increase in prescriptive guidance, will enable more productive partnerships between professionals, and between parents and professionals respectively. The study demonstrates a SEN professionalism that is able to respond to moral complexity and that is willing to carry significant personal and moral burdens in order to meet the needs of children and young people with SEN. It also highlights experiences of routine moral stress (Cribb, 2011) which are not adequately addressed by either individuals or their organisations
Sen and the art of educational maintenance: evidencing a capability, as opposed to an effectiveness, approach to schooling
No full textThere are few more widely applied terms in common parlance than ‘capability’. It is used (inaccurately) to represent everything from the aspiration to provide opportunity to notions of innate academic ability, with everything in between claiming apostolic succession to Amartya Sen, who (with apologies to Aristotle) first developed the concept. This paper attempts to warrant an adaptation of Sen’s capability theory to schooling and schooling policy, and to proof his concepts in the new setting using research involving 100 pupils from 5 English secondary schools and a schedule of questions derived from the capability literature. The findings suggest that a capability approach can provide an alternative to the dominant Benthamite school effectiveness paradigm, and can offer a sound theoretical framework for understanding better the assumed relationship between schooling and well-being
John Rawls e Amartya Sen em busca da justiça
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2014.Abstract : The current discussion on justice is widely influenced by John Rawls?s thesis, developed in his books A Theory of Justice (1971) and Political Liberalism (1993) that renewed political philosophy. Among them are included the problem of justice, impartiality criterion, peoples motivations to justice and the object of justice, understood within a conception of justice that articulates moral and political values. Recently, those thesis were criticized by the economist Amartya Sen?s book The Idea of Justice (2009). It?s offered on it an approach to justice answering what it regards to be the genuine question of justice according to the peoples actual motivations, that is, the perception of injustices in world which can be removed. In order to answer his question, Sen rejects the necessity of a complete ordering of our values and beliefs about justice in a theoretical conception. Institutions as subjects of justice give way to an evaluation of justice focused on people?s life conditions and the impartiality criterion is understood in a ?open? way. This disagreement is accessed as a debate of thinkers answering different problems concerning different objects, pursuing a common goal, that is: to make justice compatible with peoples actual motivations in order to bring it about within our social, political and economical reality. Recognizing the relative merits of both theoretical proposals, Rawlsian proposal is advocated against Sen's accusations through the thesis that bringing about justice involves appealing to reasonable values and behavior historically consolidated in democratic societies. It is also emphasized the importance of reflection on the role of institutional procedures in the production of injustice
OVERCOMING POSITIVISM IN ECONOMICS: AMARTYA SEN'S PROJECT OF INFUSING ETHICS INTO ECONOMICS
No full textLogical Positivism, which arose in philosophy early in the twentieth century, proclaimed the sharp distinction between facts and values. Despite objections at the time, positivism was imported into economics in the 1930s. Over time, objections lessened; economics was transformed and ethical considerations were driven out of its core. In the 1950s, debates about positivism arose within the discipline which had exported it. According to the American philosopher Hilary Putnam, the fact/value distinction is now discredited in philosophy. If that is so, the methodological foundations of contemporary economics are also discredited. In this article I examine Amartya Sen’s moral science of economics. First, I will present his historical account of the connections between economics and ethics. Sen claims that there was a close connection between the two until positivism was imported. Second, I will sketch some of Sen’s ethical objections to modern economics, which is still suffering from positivism. Finally, I will lay out some of his ideas on how economics can be returned to an ethical path. Once the ground has been cleared of positivism, ethics can re-emerge in economics in various ways. One path has been marked out by Sen.Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,
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