213,112 research outputs found

    Seidel energy of graphs

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    Graf spektrası, üzerinde tanımlanan M matrisinin öz değer çalışmalarıdır. Literatürde M-teori olarak da bilinir. Bu teoride graf enerjileri problemleri son yıllarda araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmiştir. Graf enerjisi; üzerinde tanımlanan graf matrislerine göre graf enerjisi isimlendirilmiş olup Seidel enerji çalışmaları ile ilgili ilk ciddi çalışma 2012 yılında Haemers tarafından yapılmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasında W.H. Haemers'in "Seidel switching and graph energy" ve E. Ghorbani' nin "On eigenvalues of Seidel matrices and Haemers' conjecture" isimli makalelerden ilham alınarak Seidel enerji ile ilgili bu zamana kadar yapılan çalışmalar derlenmiştir.Graf spectra is a study of eigenvalues related to M graph matrix. This theory is known as M-theory in literature. In this theory, the problems of graph energy have attracted the interest of researchers in recent years. Graph energy is named according to graph matrices such as ordinary (adjacency) energy, Laplacian energy, etc. Although there are many papers about these energies, the first critical study about Seidel energy has been done by Haemers in 2012. In this thesis work, it has been compiled the studies related to Seidel energy taking inspiration from the papers by W.H.Haemers: "Seidel switching and graph energy" and by E. Ghorbani: "On eigenvalues of Seidel matrices and Haemers' conjecture"

    Shifted Euler-Seidel Matrices

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    In this study defining Shifted Euler-Seidel matrices we generalize the Euler-Seidel matrices method. Owing to this generalization one can investigate any sequences. (s(n)) which have two term linear recurrences as s(m+n) = alpha s(m+n-1) + beta s(n-1) (alpha and beta are real parameters and n, m is an element of Z(+)). By way of illustration, we give some examples related to the Fibonacci p-numbers

    Inca axeli Sousa & Seidel 2021, sp. nov.

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    Inca axeli sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C559A3D8-DD5D-4B6B-95A1-62276FAE6A79 Figs 1A–E, P, 2A–D, M, 3A, D, G–N, 4A Differential diagnosis Inca axeli sp. nov. is very similar to I. neglectus sp. nov. in that both species have clypeal horns in males with dorsolateral tooth long and acute (short and rounded in I. irroratus), posterior angles of pronotum acute (rounded in I. irroratus), medial area of elytra with large waxy maculae (absent in I. irroratus), and posterior tooth of protibia long and acute (short and rounded in I. irroratus). Inca axeli sp. nov. has the inner dorsal carina of clypeal horns abruptly interrupted at apex (gradually interrupted in I. neglectus sp. nov. and I. irroratus) and the outer distal process of parameres long and acuminate (long and rounded in I. neglectus sp. nov. and short and rounded in I. irroratus) (see Table 2). Etymology It is a pleasure for the last author to name the species after Axel González Gallardo in gratitude for the last years together and all his support. Material examined Holotype BRASIL – Santa Catarina • ♂; SC, Joinville; Dirings coll.; “HOLOTYPE, Inca axeli, Sousa & Seidel, 2019 ”; MZSP 22036. Paratypes (13 ♂♂ and 25 ♀♀) BRAZIL – No detailed localities • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; “Brasilien, Jäger coll., I. Burmeisteri, Brasil, Beske”; SMNS • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZMH 833672 • 1 ♂; “ Brasil, Inca pulverulentus, Le Moult vend via Reinbek, Eing. Nr. 1, 1957”; ZMH 833671. – Amazonas • 1 ♀; “AM; Benjamin Constant; Rio Javary ”; Dec. 1961; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22053. – São Paulo • 1 ♀; “ Eugênio Lefreve, Pindamonhangaba, S.P.”; Mar. 1963; “EXp. Dep. Zoologia, INCA IRRORATUS, CHEVR., det. B.C. Ratcliffe 1983”; MZSP 22020 • 1 ♂; Est. Bio. Boraceia [Estação Biológica da Boracéia], Salesópolis; 1–4 Feb. 1973; Vanin coll.; “ INCA SP NOV., proche de irroratus [handwritten]; det. P. Bleuzen 1992”; MZSP 22007 • 1 ♀; São Paulo, (capital); Dirings coll.; Jan. 1960; MZSP 22054 • 1 ♀; S. Bocaína, Parq. criac. Trutas [parque de criação de trutas]; 1800 m a.s.l.; Mar. 1954; “Dalcy, R. Barros; Coll. IRSNB, ex coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; RBINS. – Paraná • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Piraquara, Manaciais da Serra; 3 Mar. 2012; CEMT • 1 ♂; Santo Antonio; 20 Mar. 1993; “Coll. P. BLEUZEN, Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703, Photo N. Mal 2015”; RBINS. – Santa Catarina • 1 ♀; Joinville; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22051 • 1 ♂; Timbó; MZSP 22004 • 1 ♂; Timbó; Jun. 1969; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22035 • 1 ♂; Timbó; May 1956; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22038 • 1 ♀; Timbó; Feb. 1960; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22018 • 1 ♀; Timbó; Mar. 1960; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22019 • 7 ♀♀; Timbó; Mar. 1960; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22041–22047 • 3 ♀♀; Timbó; Jun. 1969; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22048–22050 • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Rio Vermelho; Mar. 1949; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22039–22040 • 1 ♀; Rio Vermelho; Nov. 1963; Dirings coll.; MZSP 22052 • 1 ♂; CORUPA; Feb. 1952; “ Anton Maller; coleção CAMPOS SEABRA; Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; RBINS • 1 ♀; CORUPA; “II”; “Anton Maller; coleção CAMPOS SEABRA; Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; RBINS • 1 ♂; Campo Alegre; 23 Feb. 1997; “Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; RBINS • 1 ♀; Jaragua do Sul; Feb. 1991; “Coll. Th. PORION; Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703, Photo N. Mal 2015”; RBINS • 1 ♂; Hansa Humbolt; Mar. 1929; “ A. Maller; L. Burgeon, coll.et det., R.I.Sc. N.B.16.117”; RBINS • 1 ♂; “ Brésil, Sta Catarina ”, “ J.P.MARECHAL; Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; Coll. Matthias Seidel 2019; MSPC • 1 ♀; Campo Alegre; 23 Feb. 1997; “Coll. IRSNB, eX coll. J. ROUCH, I.G.: 32.703”; Coll. Matthias Seidel 2019; MSPC. Paratypes deposited in CEMT, MZSP and UFRPE are labelled with “ PARATYPE; Inca axeli; Sousa & Seidel, 2019” and paratypes deposited in MSPC, RBINS, SMNS and ZMH are labelled with “ PARATYPE; Inca axeli sp. nov., M. Seidel & R. Sousa, 2019”. Description Holotype (male) BODY (Fig. 1A–C). Total length including clypeal horns 40 mm; width across humeri 17 mm. COLOUR. Reddish brown with dark green heterogeneous spots, dorsal surface with green metallic reflections; legs and meso- and metathoraX bright reddish brown (Fig. 1A–C, P). HEAD. Surface of frons with dark green and dark reddish-brown waxy secretion; clypeal horns with anterior area of inner dorsal carina truncate, abruptly interrupted and not reaching distal angles; dorsolateral tooth long and acute (Fig. 1P). THORAX. Lateral margin of pronotum strongly sinuous; lateromedial area with elongated and irregular fovea; longitudinal groove shallow; posterior angles acute (Fig. 1A–C). Anterior prosternal process acute, projected and densely setose in median area. Anterolateral area of scutellar shield punctate. Elytra with yellowish grey heterogeneous waxy maculae covering all surface and two large maculae in medial area (Fig. 1A). LEGS. Posterior tooth of protibia long and acute (Fig. 3A). Mesempodium with 2 setae. ABDOMEN. Fovea of sternite VII strongly marked. Disc of pygidium densely punctate, lateral area with well-defined punctures. TERMINALIA. Aedeagus: outer distal process of parameres long and acuminate (Fig. 1D–E). MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS (males). Body length 30−45 mm, width 13−17 mm. Head: clypeal horns with or without green metallic reflection; brachycerous males with clypeal horns with dorsolateral tooth small and inner dorsal carina abruptly or gradually interrupted at apex. Thorax with anterior prosternal process rounded and small. Density of waxy maculae of elytra variable, maculae yellowish grey or golden yellow; the two large maculae in median area variable in shape and size. LEGS. Mesempodium with 2−4 setae. Female BODY (Fig. 2A–C). Length 32–42 mm; width across humeri 15–18 mm. Maculae of medial area of elytra usually larger than in males. Type locality Joinville, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Distribution Brazil: São Paulo (Pindamonhangaba, Salesópolis, São Paulo) Paraná (Piraquara), Santa Catarina (Campo Alegre, Joinville, Corupá, Jaraguá do Sul, Timbó, Florianópolis, Bocaina do Sul) (Fig. 5). The female paratype from Benjamin Constant (Amazonas) is probably labelled incorrectly. Biology Two larvae of I. axeli sp. nov. were collected inside the base of a dead bromeliad (possibly Vriesea sp. or Aechmea sp.) in a fallen tree at Mananciais da Serra, Piraquara, Paraná State, Brazil (pers. com. Paschoal Grossi).Published as part of Sousa, Rafael & Seidel, Matthias, 2021, Review of the Inca irroratus species group with description of two new species of Inca LePeletier & Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), pp. 15-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 748 (1) on pages 21-24, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.748.1335, http://zenodo.org/record/473612

    Archedinus antoshkai Seidel & Arriaga-Varela & Sousa 2018

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    Archedinus antoshkai Seidel & Arriaga-Varela, sp. nov. (Figs 1A; 2A,C,E; 3 A–B,D,F) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁ (NMPC), label data: “ HONDURAS: Lempira / Department, P.N. Celaque Cerro / Las Minas / 14°32´50´´N, 88°40´11´´W / 01-04.vii.2014, 2600m / V. Sinyaev & M. Márquez lgt. // ex. Matthias Seidel / Collection // Archedinus n. sp. / det. M. Seidel 2016 // HOLOTYPE / Archedinus antoshkai / sp. nov. / M. Seidel & E. Arriaga-Varela / des. 2017”. Description. Male (holotype). Total length: 17.5 mm, humeral width: 7.5 mm, maximum width: 8.5 mm (Figs 1 A–B). Color. Ventrally and dorsally shiny black, surface in punctures dull. Head. Surface coarsely and irregularly punctate (Fig. 2A), with punctures ranging in diameter from 27.5–87.5 μm. With a deep, long, triangular excavation, of irregular triangular shape narrowing down from frons to clypeus to a third of its width. Clypeus covered by short, tawny setae, abruptly constricted at base to 0.7 times of apical width, anterior clypeal margins sinuate with anterolateral corners reflexed. Maximum width of head capsule 3.1 mm; maximum width of clypeus 1.5 mm. Interocular distance equals 3.1 maximum transverse eye diameters. Labium elongate, narrowing anteriorly with anterior margin slightly rounded (Fig. 3D), deeply punctate, setigerous; setae long, tawny. Distal maxillary palpomere 0.8 mm in length, subcylindrical, weakly curved, apex truncate. Third palpomere subfusiform, rounded, not connate with second, enlarged, 0.6 mm long. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, antennal club composed of three enlarged, lamellate antennomeres, club 2.6 mm long, 1.7 times longer than preceding six antennomeres combined; antennomere 7 wider than long, with narrowed, short anterior projection; antennomere 6 longer than wide, with apex obliquely truncate, without anterior projection; antennomere 3 as long as antennomere 4 or 5, antennomere 3 as long as wide, pedicel nearly globular, as wide as long; scape elongate-pyriform. Prothorax. Pronotum about 1.3 times wider than long; 1.5 times wider at posterior angles than at anterior angles, margins rounded, slightly more strongly convergent to posterior angles (Figs 2C,E). Dorsal surface coarsely and irregularly punctate, punctures more dense in anterior half, punctures deep, ranging from 37–325 μm in diameter. Disc with a longitudinal depression on midline, and 2 depressions on each side, 1 large, elongate at anterior half, vanishing towards antero-lateral corners, and a small, shallower one at posterior 3/4, depressions with punctures wider and confluent. Prosternum smooth on sides, with long prosternal process, acute, with briefly rounded apex, and many long, tawny setae projected anteriad. Elytra with margins curved in anterior fifth, then subparallel to rounded apical fourth; with 10 wide, deep striae, each with irregular row of rounded to elongate ellipsoid, foveate punctures; striae I–V extend from anterior border to apical callus; striae VI–IX extend from humerus to apical umbone; stria X extends along lateral margin but does not reach apex; interstriae shiny, with fine punctures and sparser, larger, foveate punctures; epipleura continuously narrowing posteriorly to just before apex. Mesothorax. Mesoventrite coarsely punctate, depressed at center, abruptly upturned near anterior borders of mesocoxae. Wings well developed. Metaventrite convex at sides, moderately depressed around discrimen; coarsely punctate towards anterolateral corners with many slender, decumbent to erect setae. Legs. Profemur with a preapical, blade-like, dorsal projection, with rounded apex. Protibia with a wide inner basal notch.All tarsi robust, with large, sickle-shaped claws. Abdomen. Ventrites convex, almost glabrous, with sparse, small decumbent setae, finely punctate, punctures narrowly transverse; last ventrite with deeper, more rounded punctures on posterior margin which is slightly raised and briefly emarginate at middle. Pygidium glabrous, shiny, with dense, fine micropunctures mixed with sparse, large, sometimes confluent, round punctures, finely rugose toward basal angles; without waxy spots; posterior margin nearly rounded. Genitalia. Aedeagus with large basal piece, slightly convex; tectum shallowly concave; parameres elongate, sinuous in lateral view, with apical third bifurcate in apical third in dorsal view, apex rounded (Figs 3 A–B). Female. Unknown. Differential diagnosis. Archedinus antoshkai is most similar to A. howdeni based on the emarginate clypeal projection, anterior prosternal process with rounded apex, and the apices of the parameres not being bifurcate. However, it can be distinguished from it by its smaller size (17.5 mm in A. antoshkai versus 25–27 mm in A. howdeni), the clypeal projection with anterior margin more strongly emarginate medially (Fig. 2A in A. antoshkai versus Fig. 2B,D in A. howdeni), in A. howdeni the frons is with an elongate, triangular depression (Figs 2A,C in A. antoshkai versus Fig. 2B in A. howdeni), the third antennomere is small, being as long as the fourth (Fig. 3F in A. antoshkai versus Fig. 3G in A. howdeni), the mentum is elongate with a rounded anterior margin (Fig. 3D in A. antoshkai versus Fig. 3E in A. howdeni), pronotum with coarser lateral margins (Figs 2C,E in A. antoshkai versus Figs 2D,F in A. howdeni) and the aedeagus with apices of the parameres simple, without a small lateral projection (Fig. 3A in A. antoshkai versus Fig. 3C in A. howdeni). Etymology. The new species is named after Anton Olegovich Kozlov (Moscow, Russia), who made the specimen available for study and generously donated the holotype to us. The name refers to the diminutive form of his first name, “Antoshka”, used by friends; noun in apposition. Natural history. The species occurs in the highest mountain in Honduras in a tropical cloud forest at 2600 m elevation. Female specimens, immature stages, and life cycle are unknown. Distribution. Only known from the type locality: Cerro Las Minas in Celaque National Park, Lempira Department, Honduras.Published as part of Seidel, Matthias, Arriaga-Varela, Emmanuel & Sousa, Rafael, 2018, Catalogue of the Incini with the description of the first Archedinus species from Honduras (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), pp. 389-405 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 58 (2) on pages 391-394, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2018-0031, http://zenodo.org/record/450487

    On the convergence of the block nonlinear Gauss-Seidel method under convex constraints

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    We give new convergence results for the block Gauss–Seidel method for problems where the feasible set is the Cartesian product of m closed convex sets, under the assumption that the sequence generated by the method has limit points. We show that the method is globally convergent for m=2 and that for m>2 convergence can be established both when the objective function f is componentwise strictly quasiconvex with respect to m−2 components and when f is pseudoconvex. Finally, we consider a proximal point modification of the method and we state convergence results without any convexity assumption on the objective functio

    Determinants of Seidel Tournament Matrices

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    The Seidel matrix of a tournament on nn players is an n×nn\times n skew-symmetric matrix with entries in {0,1,1}\{0, 1, -1\} that encapsulates the outcomes of the games in the given tournament. It is known that the determinant of an n×nn\times n Seidel matrix is 00 if nn is odd, and is an odd perfect square if nn is even. This leads to the study of the set \mathcal{D}(n)= \{ \sqrt{\det S}: \mbox{ $S$ is an $n\times n$ Seidel matrix}\}. This paper studies various questions about D(n)\mathcal{D}(n). It is shown that D(n)\mathcal{D}(n) is a proper subset of D(n+2)\mathcal{D}(n+2) for every positive even integer, and every odd integer in the interval [1,1+n2/2][1, 1+n^2/2] is in D(n)\mathcal{D}(n) for nn even. The expected value and variance of detS\det S over the n×nn\times n Seidel matrices chosen uniformly at random is determined, and upper bounds on maxD(n)\max \mathcal{D}(n) are given, and related to the Hadamard conjecture. Finally, it is shown that for infinitely many nn, D(n)\mathcal{D}(n) contains a gap (that is, there are odd integers k<<mk<\ell <m such that k,mD(n)k, m \in \mathcal{D}(n) but D(n)\ell \notin \mathcal{D}(n)) and several properties of the characteristic polynomials of Seidel matrices are established.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure

    Creating an Identity in Community-Based Organizations

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    The organizational landscape created by modern communication networks such as the internet has created a new architecture of organization – the C-Form (Seidel and Stewart 2001). The C-Form is characterized by a lack of formal boundaries, a community of volunteer labor, and inexpensive and efficient communication. The unclear formal boundaries of the C-Form lead to two major challenges: (1) explicitly defining who is in and who is outside of the organization, and (2) establishing a clear identity for the organization. These two issues are linked such that the identity of the organization emerges as critical players coalesce around the central, distinctive, and enduring attributes (Albert & Whetten, 1985) used to define the organization. Since the definition of who these “critical players” are cannot be resolved by formal boundaries, those individuals who provide guidance as to what the organization stands for, and what it does not stand for, may ultimately influence the identity of the organization. In this research we study the process of creating an organizational identity focusing on two C-Form organizations: Linux and Destination Imagination. Both of these organizations have discussion groups whose communications are open to the public. We coded the messages that these volunteer members have posted in terms of their identity-relevant language as well as conducted a network analysis of the key actors who have shaped the identities of the organizations. The findings indicate dual processes are involved: disidentifying (with a competitor organization) as well as identifying what the organization should be about

    Musiktheorie (Kulturtransfer und transnationale Wechselbeziehungen: Russisches Musiktheater in Bewegung)

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    Wilhelm Seidel / Klaus Pietschmann / Matthias Schmid
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