218 research outputs found
A Comparative Study of RPCL and MCE Based Discriminative Training Methods for LVCSR
No full textThis paper presents a comparative study of two discriminative methods, i.e., Rival Penalized Competitive Learning (RPCL) and Minimum Classification Error (MCE), for the tasks of Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVCSR). MCE aims at minimizing a smoothed sentence error on training data, while RPCL focus on avoiding misclassification through enforcing the learning of correct class and de-learning its best rival class. For a fair comparison, both the two discriminative mechanisms are implemented at state level. The LVCSR results show that both MCE and RPCL perform better than Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), while RPCL has better discriminative and generative abilities than MCE.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000320469100004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Computer Science, Artificial IntelligenceComputer Science, Theory & MethodsCPCI-S(ISTP)
Comparison of two different PNN training approaches for satellite cloud data classification
No full textThis paper presents a training algorithm for probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) using the minimum classification error (MCE) criterion. A comparison is made between the MCE training scheme and the widely used maximum likelihood (ML) learning on a cloud classification problem using satellite imagery data.This work was supported by the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research (CG/AR) under Contract DAAL01-98-2-0078
Strong magnetoelastic coupling in MnCoSi compounds studied in pulsed magnetic fields
No full textThe orthorhombic MnCoSi compounds have been found to present a large magnetoelastic coupling, which is regarded as the source for the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and the magnetostrictive effect. As a result, these compounds are potential materials for caloric applications such as solid-state refrigeration. In the present study, we offer fundamental insights in the magnetoelastic coupling in these compounds based on their structural, metamagnetic, and MCE behavior. The directly measured adiabatic temperature change (ΔTad) in different initial temperatures (down to 18 K) and pulsed magnetic fields (up to 40 T) presents a moderate MCE performance (the maximum ΔTad=-3.1K for a field change of 13 T), which results from the metamagnetic behavior of these compounds. Furthermore, the magnetization measurements in pulsed (and static) magnetic fields indicate that the magnetoelastic coupling is significantly enhanced for increasing fields resulting in an improved saturation magnetization. The metamagnetic transition is continuously pushed to lower temperatures in higher fields. The phase diagram constructed from the experimental transition temperatures Tt and the critical magnetic fields μ0Hcr indicate that the transition is terminated below 18 K and that ferromagnetism is stabilized for fields above 22.3 T. Our results provide unique insights into the strong magnetoelastic coupling under high pulsed magnetic fields, providing guidelines for the design of giant magnetocaloric materials for future caloric applications. FRST/Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energ
Adsorption geometry, conformation, and electronic structure of 2H-octaethylporphyrin on Ag(111) and Fe metalation in ultra high vacuum
No full textDue to the growing interest in the ferromagnetic properties of Fe-octaethylporphyrins (Fe-OEP) for applications in spintronics, methods to produce stable Fe-porphyrins with no Cl atoms are highly demanded. Here, we demonstrate the formation of Fe-OEP layers on Ag(111) single crystal by the ultra high vacuum in situ metalation of the free-base 2H-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18- octaethylporphyrin (2H-OEP) molecules. The metalation proceeds exactly as in the case of 2H-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (2H-TPP) on the same substrate. An extensive surface characterization by means of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, valence band photoemission, and NEXAFS with synchrotron radiation light provides information on molecular conformation and electronic structure in the monolayer and multilayer cases. We demonstrate that the presence of the ethyl groups affects the tilt of the adsorbed molecules, the conformation of the macrocycle, and the polarization screening in multilayers, but has only a minor effect in the metalation process with respect to 2H-TPP. © 2013 American Institute of Physics
Tuning Giant Magnetocaloric Materials: A Study of (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) and NiCoMnTi Heusler Compounds
No full textSolid‐state caloric effects as intrinsic responses from different physical external stimuli (magnetic‐, uniaxial stress‐, pressure‐ and electronic‐ fields) have been evaluated near magnetic phase transformations. In the last decades the magnetically driven caloric changes in various magnetocaloric materials (MCMs) have been exploited extensively for magnetic refrigeration and magnetic heat pumping scenarios near room temperature. This thesis systematically investigates the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for the representative magnetoelastic (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) system. Special emphasis has been directed towards the giant MCE in nanoscale particles and the influence of doping with elements that show a strong electronegativity on the magnetic properties of this metal‐metalloid system. Meanwhile, two optimization strategies (decoupling and light element B doping) are successfully introduced to regulate the thermal hysteresis ΔThys, the ferromagnetic phase transition TC and improve the reversibility of the MCE for magnetostructural transition in the all‐d‐metal NiCoMnTi Heusler alloys.RST/Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energ
Geradflügler aus Ostafrika (Orthopteroidea, Dermapteroida und Blattopteroida).
No full textEs werden die orthopteroiden Insekten behandelt, welche H. Knipper zwischen dem 7. Januar und dem 10. Dezember 1952 in Ostafrika sammelte. Der größte Teil des Materials stammt aus dem nordöstlichen Tanganyika; außerdem wurde auch eine kleine Anzahl Arten hinzugenommen, welche er während einer Unterbrechung der Hinreise in und um Mogadishu (Mogadiscio) eintrug. Bei den neubeschriebenen Arten wurden auch von D. K. McE. Kevan und anderen Personen gesammelte Exemplare einbezogen. Zwei neue Acridoidea-Arten aus Nordost-Tanganyika, von denen keiner der beiden Verfasser Material sammelte, werden ebenfalls beschrieben. Ökologische Angaben werden für fast alle, biologische für einige Arten gemacht. 34 Arten einbegriffen, welche nur bis zur Gattung bestimmt werden können, werden für Tanganyika gemeldet: 2 Arten Phasmida, 3 Gryllacridoidea, 16Tettigonioidea, 13 Grylloidea, 1 Tridactyloidea, 4 Tetrigoidea, 78 Acridoidea, 2 Dermapteroida, 23 Mantodea und 11 Blattodea. 16 weitere Arten Acridoidea und eine Art Mantodea werden lediglich aus Somalia, eine weitere Art Acridoidea wird aus Somalia, Kenya und Abessinien gemeldet. Nachstehende Arten und Formen werden von Kevan neu beschrieben: Tettigonioidea: Homorocoryphus curvipennis; Acridoidea: Usambilla affinis, Parepistaurus rufijianus, Caloptenopsis somalica, Kassongia orientalis, K. vittata, Acrotylus knipperi, A. trifasciatus, A. t. ab. roseus, Pycnodictya galinieri ab. citrina.
Ferner wird das bisher unbekannte 9 von Orthochtha lindneri Kevan, 1955, beschrieben.Nomenklatorische Handlungenknipperi Kevan, 1961 (Acrotylus), spec. n.trifasciatus Kevan, 1961 (Acrotylus), spec. n.somalica Kevan, 1961 (Galoptenopsis), spec. n.curvipennis Kevan, 1961 (Homorocoryphus), spec. n.orientalis Kevan, 1961 (Kassongia), spec. n.vittata Kevan, 1961 (Kassongia), spec. n.rufijianus Kevan, 1961 (Parepistaurus), spec. n.lindneri (Kevan, 1955) (Ramulus), comb. n. hitherto Gratidia lindneri Kevan, 1955affinis Kevan, 1961 (Usambilla), spec. n.This paper gives an account of the Orthopteroid insects collected by H. Knipper in East Africa between 7 January and 10 December, 1952. Most of the material is from N. E. Tanganyika, but a few species from the vicinity of Mogadishu (Mogadiscio), Somalia, taken en route for Tanganyika, are also listed. In the case of new species, specimens collected by D. K. McE. Kevan and other persons are included. Two new species of Acridoidea from N. E. Tanganyika not collected by either author are also described. Ecological notes are given for nearly all, biological notes for several species. Including 34 species which cannot be determined beyond genus, 2 species of Phasmida, 3 of Gryllacridoidea, 16 of Tettigonioidea, 13 of Grylloidea, 1 of Tridactyloidea, 4 of Tetrigoidea, 78 of Acridoidea, 2 of Dermapteroida, 23 of Mantodea and 11 of Blattodea are recorded from Tanganyika. Furthermore, 16 species of Acridoidea and one species of Mantodea are recorded from Somalia only, one more species of Acridoidea from Somalia, Kenya and Abyssinia. The following are described by Kevan as new: - Tettigonioidea: Homorocoryphus curvipennis; Acridoidea: Usambilla affinis, Parepistaurus rufijianus, Caloptenopsis somalica, Kassongia orientalis, K. vittata, Acrotylus knipperi, A. trifasciatus, A. t. ab. roseus, Pycnodictya galinieri ab. citrina.
In addition, the previously unknown female Orthochtha lindneri Kevan, 1955 is described.Nomenclatural Actsknipperi Kevan, 1961 (Acrotylus), spec. n.trifasciatus Kevan, 1961 (Acrotylus), spec. n.somalica Kevan, 1961 (Galoptenopsis), spec. n.curvipennis Kevan, 1961 (Homorocoryphus), spec. n.orientalis Kevan, 1961 (Kassongia), spec. n.vittata Kevan, 1961 (Kassongia), spec. n.rufijianus Kevan, 1961 (Parepistaurus), spec. n.lindneri (Kevan, 1955) (Ramulus), comb. n. hitherto Gratidia lindneri Kevan, 1955affinis Kevan, 1961 (Usambilla), spec. n
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL21 PADA PT.PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IV MEDAN
No full text<br data-mce-bogus="1">
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung besarnya pajak terutang perusahaan dan laba setelah pajak apabila menerapkan metode manejemen pajak penghasilan pasal 21. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yaitu data daftar gaji dan laporan laba rugi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan manejemen pajak penghasilan pasal 21 dari iantara tiga (3) pilihan metode, yaitu memberikan tunjangan pajak kepada karyawan, pajak karyawan ditanggung perusahaan, dan tunjangan pajak serta pajak ditanggung perusahaan, yang paling menguntungkan adalah memberikan tunjangan pajak dan pajak ditanggung kepada karyawan. Hal ini disimpulkan setelah melakukan perbandingan perhitungan.Kebijakan memberikan tunjangan pajak dan pajak ditanggung kepada karyawanmenghasilkan laba setelah pajak yang lebih besar yaitu sebesar 3.611.976.114 dan memberikan penurunan PPh Pasal 21 yang disetor sebesar 1.494.954.921
Corresponding Author Wetland Zoning to Establish Land Conservation Using MCE Method (Case Study: Parishan Wetland, Iran). 1
No full textABSTRACT Wetlands with high biomass production and water storage, in addition to supply a part of the food and water required for local people, impose positive effects on their economy, customs and culture. On one hand, migration of different species of birds to the wetlands and on the other hand, high diversity of flora in different plant categories emphasize on the need of proper planning for conservation of biodiversity in the wetlands. Wetland zonation to protect the biological resources is one of the basic steps in this respect. Parishan Wetland with an area of 4800 ha, is one of the permanent freshwater wetlands in Iran, located 12 Km away from the southeast of Kazeroun City in Fars Province. The basic purpose of zoning Parishan Wetland is to conserve biodiversity and develop ecotourism in the region with regard to environmental and ecosystem aspects. Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE) has been used for this purpose. After identifying the available resources, two protected and recreational zones were identified. The recreational zone, in turn, was divided into a central zone and two proposed zone (1 and 2). All three recreational zones were located on the northwest of Parishan Lake and the rest of the lake area was assigned to conservation zone. The obtained results indicated that, conservation zone is broader than recreational zones
Reversible low-field magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In-based Heusler alloys
No full textNi-Mn-X (X = In, Sn, and Sb) based Heusler alloys show a strong potential for magnetic refrigeration owing to their large magnetocaloric effect (MCE) associated with first-order magnetostructural transition. However, the irreversibility of the MCE under low field change of 0–1 T directly hinders its application as an efficient magnetic coolant. In this work, we systematically investigate thermal and magnetic properties, crystalline structure and magnetocaloric performance in Ni51−xMn33.4In15.6Vx alloys. With the introduction of V, a stable magnetostructural transition near room temperature is observed between martensite and austenite. An extremely small hysteresis of 2.3 K is achieved for the composition x = 0.3. Due to this optimization, the magneticfield induced structural transition is partially reversible under 0–1 T cycles, resulting in a reversible MCE.Both magnetic and calorimetric measurements consistently show that the largest value for the reversible magnetic entropy change can reach about 5.1 J kg−1 K−1 in a field change of 0–1 T. A considerable and reversible adiabatic temperature change of −1.2 K by the direct measurement is also observed under a field change of 0–1.1 T. Furthermore, the origin of this small hysteresis is discussed. Based on the lattice parameters, the transformation stretch tensor is calculated, which indicates an improved geometric compatibility between the two phases. Our work greatly improves the MCE performance of Ni-Mn-X-based alloys and make them suitable as realistic magnetic refrigeration materials.<br/
Impact of W doping on Fe-rich (Mn,Fe)<sub>2</sub>(P,Si) based giant magnetocaloric materials
No full textThe influence of doping with the 5d transition metal W has been studied in the quaternary (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) based giant magnetocaloric compounds, which is one of the most promising systems for magnetic refrigeration. It is found that W substitution can separately decrease the Curie temperature TC and retain the thermal hysteresis ∆Thys at an almost constant level (∼5 K) for Mn0.6Fe1.27-xWxP0.64Si0.36 (x ≤ 0.02). Low-content W doping conserves the good magnetocaloric effect (MCE) without an obvious degradation. For x ≤ 0.02 the average magnetic entropy change |∆Sm| amounts to 11.4 Jkg−1K−1 for an applied magnetic field change of 2 T and the adiabatic temperature change ∆Tad amounts to 3.9 K for an applied magnetic field change of 1.5 T. The occupancy of substitutional W atoms is determined by XRD experiments and DFT calculations. Our studies provide a good strategy to further optimize the MCE of this material family.RST/Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energ
- …
