403 research outputs found
PANDA Phase One: PANDA collaboration
No full textThe Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, provides unique possibilities for a new generation of hadron-, nuclear- and atomic physics experiments. The future antiProton ANnihilations at DArmstadt (PANDA or P ¯ ANDA) experiment at FAIR will offer a broad physics programme, covering different aspects of the strong interaction. Understanding the latter in the non-perturbative regime remains one of the greatest challenges in contemporary physics. The antiproton–nucleon interaction studied with PANDA provides crucial tests in this area. Furthermore, the high-intensity, low-energy domain of PANDA allows for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, e.g. through high precision symmetry tests. This paper takes into account a staged approach for the detector setup and for the delivered luminosity from the accelerator. The available detector setup at the time of the delivery of the first antiproton beams in the HESR storage ring is referred to as the Phase One setup. The physics programme that is achievable during Phase One is outlined in this paper. © 2021, The Author(s)
Assessing the applicability of Transformer-based architectures as rainfall-runoff models
No full textModeling the relationship between rainfall and runoff is a longstanding challenge in hydrology and is crucial for informed water management decisions. Recently, Deep Learning models, particularly Long short-term memory (LSTM), have shown promising results in simulating this relationship. The Transformer, a newly proposed deep learning architecture, has also demonstrated the ability to outperform LSTM in machine translation, text classification, etc. However, there has been limited research on applying Transformers for rainfall-runoff modeling. The research examined the performance of using Transformer architecture, including its time series forecasting variants, to develop rainfall-runoff models using the CAMELS (US) data set. These models were compared to the LSTM regional rainfall-runoff models, with a particular focus on snow-driven basins as the attention mechanism in Transformer is believed to allow it to attend to the earlier precipitation events in the meteorological forcing. Additionally, the Transformer's potential as a global rainfall-runoff model was also tested using the global Caravan data to determine if it could learn and generalize a wide range of rainfall-runoff behaviors, allowing it to potentially be applied in ungauged basins.The results suggest that while Transformer and its variants may not be able to fully replace LSTM for rainfall-runoff modeling, the variant called Reformer has shown promise for daily discharge forecasting in snow-driven basins, particularly in terms of peak flow and low flow prediction. However, using the global Caravan data for building a global rainfall-runoff model was not successful due to uncertainty in the forcing data, particularly precipitation. The code for Transformer-based rainfall-runoff modeling is available publicly at https://github.com/Numpy-Panda/neuralhydrology_Transformer.https://github.com/Numpy-Panda/neuralhydrology_Transformer Repository link The GitHub repository of the Transformer-based rainfall-runoff modeling.Civil Engineerin
Patterns of Genetic Diversity in Remaining Giant Panda Populations
No full textThe giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is among the more familiar symbols of species conservation. The protection of giant panda populations has been aided recently by the establishment of more and better-managed reserves in existing panda habitat located in six mountain ranges in western China. These remaining populations are becoming increasingly isolated from one another, however, leading to the concern that historic patterns of gene flow will be disrupted and that reduced population sizes will lead to diminished genetic variability. We analyzed four categories of molecular genetic markers (mtDNA restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms [RFLP], mtDNA control region sequences, nuclear multilocus DNA fingerprints, and microsatellite size variation) in giant pandas from three mountain populations (Qionglai, Minshan, and Qinling) to assess current levels of genetic diversity and to detect evidence of historic population subdivisions. The three populations had moderate levels of genetic diversity compared with similarly studied carnivores for all four gene measures, with a slight but consistent reduction in variability apparent in the smaller Qinling population. That population also showed significant differentiation consistent with its isolation since historic times. From a strictly genetic perspective, the giant panda species and the three populations look promising insofar as they have retained a large amount of genetic diversity in each population, although evidence of recent population reduction—likely from habitat loss—is apparent. Ecological management to increase habitat, population expansion, and gene flow would seem an effective strategy to stabilize the decline of this endangered species
Editorial: Some More Research on Technology-Enabled Learning
No full textThis is the first issue of this year, and we have included twelve items dealing with various aspects of technology-enabled teaching, learning, training — one invited paper, four research papers, three case studies, two reports from the field, and two book reviews. //
For every issue of the Journal, we have now an established practice of inviting an international expert in the field to contribute an invited paper on the broader theme of ‘learning for development’. In the invited section of this issue, Aras Bozkurt analyses, through systematic review and biometric analysis — data mining and analytics (especially, text mining and social network analysis — t-SNE analysis) of the publications indexed in Scopus, the mapping of the impact of COVID-19 and the subsequent transition to the new normal. Three broad themes were identified and analysed — i) resilience, adaptability and sustainability in higher education, ii) psychological status and social wellbeing, and iii) the increasing use of online and hybrid modes of teaching-learning. The author underlines that, in the current pandemic context and its aftermath, the pedagogy needs to go beyond the teaching-learning activities to include trauma-informed pedagogies of care and empathy. Though there has been a significant shift toward online/blended/hybrid/hyflex modes of learning, there is a need to consider the instructional/learning design aspects (going beyond the ‘techno-centric educational strategies’) and learn from the ongoing practices and failures for us to be better prepared for the future
Programmable Analog Device Array (PANDA): Transistor-Level Analog Emulation
No full textabstract: The design and development of analog/mixed-signal (AMS) integrated circuits (ICs) is becoming increasingly expensive, complex, and lengthy. Rapid prototyping and emulation of analog ICs will be significant in the design and testing of complex analog systems. A new approach, Programmable ANalog Device Array (PANDA) that maps any AMS design problem to a transistor-level programmable hardware, is proposed. This approach enables fast system level validation and a reduction in post-Silicon bugs, minimizing design risk and cost. The unique features of the approach include 1) transistor-level programmability that emulates each transistor behavior in an analog design, achieving very fine granularity of reconfiguration; 2) programmable switches that are treated as a design component during analog transistor emulating, and optimized with the reconfiguration matrix; 3) compensation of AC performance degradation through boosting the bias current. Based on these principles, a digitally controlled PANDA platform is designed at 45nm node that can map AMS modules across 22nm to 90nm technology nodes. A systematic emulation approach to map any analog transistor to 45nm PANDA cell is proposed, which achieves transistor level matching accuracy of less than 5% for ID and less than 10% for Rout and Gm. Circuit level analog metrics of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) emulated by PANDA, match to those of the original designs in 22nm and 90nm nodes with less than a 5% error. Several other 90nm and 22nm analog blocks are successfully emulated by the 45nm PANDA platform, including a folded-cascode operational amplifier and a sample-and-hold module (S/H). Further capabilities of PANDA are demonstrated by the first full-chip silicon of PANDA which is implemented on 65nm process This system consists of a 24×25 cell array, reconfigurable interconnect and configuration memory. The voltage and current reference circuits, op amps and a VCO with a phase interpolation circuit are emulated by PANDA.Dissertation/ThesisPh.D. Electrical Engineering 201
UPAYA KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH NEPAL DENGAN WWF DALAM KONSERVASI PANDA MERAH MELALUI RED PANDA CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN FOR NEPAL 2019-2023
No full textThe existence of cases related to the scarcity of the red panda population that were only around 10,000 worldwide in 2016 made Nepal, as an area that includes the red panda's native habitat, to launch the Red Panda Conservation Action Plan for Nepal 2019-2023 program in which the Nepalese government is coorporated with an
international non-governmental organization, WWF. The author is interested in conducting research related to collaboration between the Nepalese government and WWF in this program. The method used by the author is descriptive qualitative where the data collection is done through library research. In this study, the authors use the international coorporation theory by Joseph M. Grieco, which is the concept based on three indicators. First, acts of cooperation by the state and INGO's.
Second, cooperation based on commitment and problem identifications, and third, the results achieved from this collaboration. The results of this research can be seen from the relevance based on the indicators, which is the collaboration between the government of Nepal and WWF, the methods to solve the problem of decreasing red
panda populations, and the results of this program which is increasing public awareness, reducing red panda poaching, conservation areas improvement, and increase in the number of red pandas
Upaya Tiongkok Untuk Menjaga Hubungan Bilateral Dengan Jerman Melalui Diplomasi Panda
No full textThis research examines the borrowing of pandas by China as a diplomatic effort and the image of the country. Therefore, when pandas began to become a profitable commodity, China began lending pandas for conservation in various countries accompanied by several agreements, one of which was with Germany. The use of pandas as a diplomatic tool to Germany has been carried out by China from 1980 to 2017. During this time, the two countries have produced a crucial panda loan agreement. This study aims to question the extent to which pandas can maintain relations between China and Germany. To explain the implementation of China's panda diplomacy in Germany, the author uses the soft power proposed by Joseph Nye Jr. and the concept of bilateral relations. Based on the concept of soft power, the author uses three indicators, namely culture, political institutions, and foreign policy. This research is a descriptive study, where the results show that panda diplomacy is able to maintain bilateral relations between China and Germany.Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai peminjaman panda oleh Tiongkok sebagai upaya diplomasi dan citra negaranya. Oleh sebab itu, ketika panda mulai menjadi komoditas yang menguntungkan, Tiongkok mulai meminjamkan panda untuk konservasi di berbagai negara disertai dengan beberapa kesepakatan, salah satunya dengan Jerman. Penggunaan panda sebagai alat diplomasi ke Jerman telah dilakukan Tiongkok sejak tahun 1980 hingga 2017. Pada kurun waktu tersebut, kedua negara telah menghasilkan kesepakatan peminjaman panda yang krusial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempertanyakan sejauh apa panda dapat menjaga hubungan Tiongkok dan Jerman. Untuk menjelaskan implementasi diplomasi panda Tiongkok di Jerman, penulis menggunakan konsep soft power yang dikemukakan oleh Joseph Nye Jr. dan konsep hubungan bilateral. Berdasarkan konsep soft power, penulis menggunakan tiga indikator, yaitu budaya, institusi politik, dan kebijakan luar negeri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, di mana hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diplomasi panda mampu menjaga hubungan bilateral Tiongkok dan Jerman
Final plea for conservation of <i>Gaultheria akaensis</i> Panda and Sanjappa (Ericaceae), an extremely threatened, endemic medicinal plant from Aka Hill in Arunachal Pradesh of eastern Himalaya, India
No full textSince its discovery in 2002 from Aka Hill in Arunachal Pradesh, the population of Gaultheria akaensis Panda and Sanjappa, a Critically Endangered, endemic medicinal plant is on the verge of extinction and currently represented by two individuals only. No trace of this species found in other Himalayan parts of India as well in Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar. Detailed phenological observation was also done from 2002 - 2011. The species is threatened due to road extension and hydro-electric projects. To this problem, the author put a board for conservation to create awareness among local ethnic people. This paper provides description, ethnic use, photographs and maps for easy identification for the purpose of better conservation
Inlist files for "Detectability of axisymmetric magnetic fields from the core to the surface of oscillating post-main sequence stars"
No full text<p>Concerned article: "Detectability of axisymmetric magnetic fields from the core to the surface of oscillating post-main sequence stars" by Bhattacharya et al. (submitted).<br>Corresponding author: Shatanik Bhattacharya</p>
<p>Inlists for the proof-of-concept stellar models used in this project have been provided here for reproducibility.</p>
<p>For the red-giant model, the inlist was executed with MESA version r22.05.1 and MESA-SDK version x86 64-linux-22.6.1. Model 500 (age 4.056 Gyr) was used as the RG in this project.</p>
<p>For the sub-giant models, the inlist was executed with MESA version r23.05.1 and MESA-SDK version x86 64-linux-22.6.1. Models 345 (age 3.624 Gyr) and 350 (age 3.702 Gyr) were used as the MSG and LSG models respectively.</p>
Programmable ANalog Device Array (PANDA): A Methodology for Transistor-Level Analog Emulation
No full textabstract: The design and development of analog/mixed-signal (AMS) integrated circuits (ICs) is becoming increasingly expensive, complex, and lengthy. Rapid prototyping and emulation of analog ICs will be significant in the design and testing of complex analog systems. A new approach, Programmable ANalog Device Array (PANDA) that maps any AMS design problem to a transistor-level programmable hardware, is proposed. This approach enables fast system level validation and a reduction in post-Silicon bugs, minimizing design risk and cost. The unique features of the approach include 1) transistor-level programmability that emulates each transistor behavior in an analog design, achieving very fine granularity of reconfiguration; 2) programmable switches that are treated as a design component during analog transistor emulating, and optimized with the reconfiguration matrix; 3) compensation of AC performance degradation through boosting the bias current. Based on these principles, a digitally controlled PANDA platform is designed at 45nm node that can map AMS modules across 22nm to 90nm technology nodes. A systematic emulation approach to map any analog transistor to PANDA cell is proposed, which achieves transistor level matching accuracy of less than 5% for ID and less than 10% for Rout and Gm. Circuit level analog metrics of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) emulated by PANDA, match to those of the original designs in 90nm nodes with less than a 5% error. Voltage-controlled delay lines at 65nm and 90nm are emulated by 32nm PANDA, which successfully match important analog metrics. And at-speed emulation is achieved as well. Several other 90nm analog blocks are successfully emulated by the 45nm PANDA platform, including a folded-cascode operational amplifier and a sample-and-hold module (S/H)Dissertation/ThesisM.S. Electrical Engineering 201
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