1,127 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, figallcrit - Estimating Health Cost Repartition Among Diseases in the Presence of Multimorbidity
No full textSupplemental Material, figallcrit for Estimating Health Cost Repartition Among Diseases in the Presence of Multimorbidity by Valentin Rousson, Jean-Benoît Rossel and Yves Eggli in Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology</p
Structural components in functional data.
No full textAnalyzing functional data often leads to finding common factors, for which functional principal component analysis proves to be a useful tool to summarize and characterize the random variation in a function space. The representation in terms of eigenfunctions is optimal in the sense of L2 approximation. However, the eigenfunctions are not always directed towards an interesting and interpretable direction in the context of functional data and thus could obscure the underlying structure. To overcome such difficulty, an alternative to functional principal component analysis is proposed that produces directed components which may be more informative and easier to interpret. These structural components are similar to principal components, but are adapted to situations in which the domain of the function may be decomposed into disjoint intervals such that there is effectively independence between intervals and positive correlation within intervals. The approach is demonstrated with synthetic examples as well as real data. Properties for special cases are also studied
Alf Nilsen-Børsskog — The Author Chosen by the Language
No full textThis article discusses Alf Nilsen-Børsskog’s four-volume series of novels Elämän jatko [Continuation of life, 2004–2015], seen as the first literary works treating the Kven culture from a native perspective. Nilsen-Børsskog’s novels are analysed as constituting a “counterstory”, a term coined in the postcolonial cultural research paradigm to refer to self-representation. The Kvens have been considered a national minority in Norway since 1999, and their language has been an official minority language since 2005. The present author scrutinizes how Nilsen-Børsskog’s work differs from previous literary descriptions of this minority, often marked by the frequent use of stereotypes of the Kven language and culture
LIBS and LA-SD-OES Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Steel Samples
No full textAuthor Valentin Ehrentraut, BScMasterarbeit Universität Linz 2022Arbeit nach Ablauf der Sperre auf den öffentlichen PCs in den Bibliotheken der JKU+Medizin abrufba
On distribution-free tests for the multivariate two-sample location-scale model
No full textIn this paper, we propose simple exact procedures for testing both a location shift and/or a scale change between two multivariate distributions. Our tests are strictly distribution-free and can be made either scale invariant or rotation invariant. Our approach combines a generalization of the Wilcoxon test based on projections of the data onto the first principal component, a generalization of the Siegel–Tukey test based on the concept of data depth, and a bivariate test for the location problem proposed by K. V. Mardia (1967, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B29, 320–342). In addition, we show that the limiting null distribution of a test statistic proposed by R. Y. Liu and K. Singh (1993, J. Amer. Statist. Assoc.88, 252–260) does not depend on the depth considered
Johann Siegmund Valentin Popowitsch (Janez Žiga Valentin Popovič), Vocabula Austriaca et Stiriaca 1-2 (Frankfurt am Main 2004)
No full textThe Austrian dictionary composed by the Slovenian scho-lar Janez Žiga Valentin Popovič (1705-1774) in the third quarter of the 18th century was only published in 2004, and edited by Richard Reutner, who wrote an extensive introduction to it. The dictionary comprises many language-geographical data for the German language, excellent explanations and many comparisons with much information provided regarding Popovic's mother tongue. The author broad horizon is admirable, especially with regard to the German language area and the linguistic literature of that time.Avstrijski slovar, ki ga je v tretji četrtini 18. stoletja sestavil slovenski učenjak Janez Žiga Valentin Popovič (1705-1774), je izšel šele leta 2004 v uredništvu Richarda Reutnerja, kije k njemu napisal obsežen uvod. Slovar vsebuje mnogo jezikovnogeografskih podatkov za nemščino, odlične razlage in marsikaj primerjalnega, veliko pa se najde tudi v zvezi s Popovičevo materinščino. Občudovanja vredna je avtorjeva razgledanost predvsem po nemškem jezikoslovnem prostoru in po takratni jezikoslovni literaturi
Evaluating the cost of simplicity in score building: An example from alcohol research.
No full textBuilding a score from a questionnaire to predict a binary gold standard is a common research question in psychology and health sciences. When building this score, researchers may have to choose between statistical performance and simplicity. A practical question is to what extent it is worth sacrificing the former to improve the latter. We investigated this research question using real data, in which the aim was to predict an alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnosis from 20 self-reported binary questions in young Swiss men (n = 233, mean age = 26). We compared the statistical performance using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of (a) a "refined score" obtained by logistic regression and several simplified versions of it ("simple scores"): with (b) 3, (c) 2, and (d) 1 digit(s), and (e) a "sum score" that did not allow negative coefficients. We used four estimation methods: (a) maximum likelihood, (b) backward selection, (c) LASSO, and (d) ridge penalty. We also used bootstrap procedures to correct for optimism. Simple scores, especially sum scores, performed almost identically or even slightly better than the refined score (respective ranges of corrected AUCs for refined and sum scores: 0.828-0.848, 0.835-0.850), with the best performance been achieved by LASSO. Our example data demonstrated that simplifying a score to predict a binary outcome does not necessarily imply a major loss in statistical performance, while it may improve its implementation, interpretation, and acceptability. Our study thus provides further empirical evidence of the potential benefits of using sum scores in psychology and health sciences
Valentin N. Volóchinov: um filósofo da ciência da linguagem
No full textThis text address the work of Russian scholar Valentin N. Vološinov, author of the book Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. The objective is to demonstrate a set of characteristics that place Vološinov as a participant in the critique of science movement, which had its epicenter in Germany, between the years 1840 and 1900. To this end, in addition to a general reflection, which recovers the meaning of the term “criticism” most present in the academic environment of the time, this text considers two points of the much mentioned – and, apparently, somewhat misunderstood – opposition of the Russian thinker to the linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure, as this linguistics is presented in the Course in General Linguistics. Finally, by way of provocation, this text outlines a few words about the proximity between the epistemological works of Valentin N. Vološinov and Wilhelm Dilthey.Este texto aborda la obra del estudioso ruso Valentin N. Voloshinov, autor de la obra Marxismo y filosofía del lenguaje. El objetivo es demostrar un conjunto de características que sitúan a Voloshinov como participante del movimiento de crítica científica, que tuvo su epicentro en Alemania, entre los años 1840 y 1900. Para ello, además de una reflexión general, que recupera el significado del término “crítica” más presente en el ambiente académico de la época, se consideran dos puntos de la tan mencionada –y, aparentemente, algo incomprendida– oposición del pensador ruso a la lingüística de Ferdinand de Saussure, tal como se presenta esta última en el curso de lingüística general. Al final, a modo de provocación, se esbozan algunas palabras sobre la proximidad entre las obras epistemológicas de Valentin N. Voloshinov y Wilhelm Dilthey.O presente texto aborda o trabalho do estudioso russo Valentin N. Volóchinov, autor da obra Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem. O objetivo é demonstrar um conjunto de características que situam Volóchinov como um partícipe do movimento de crítica das ciências, o qual teve seu epicentro na Alemanha, entre os anos 1840 e 1900. Para isso, além de uma reflexão geral, que recupera a acepção do termo “crítica” mais presente no ambiente acadêmico da época, são considerados dois pontos da muito mencionada – e, ao que tudo indica, um tanto mal compreendido – oposição do pensador russo à linguística de Ferdinand de Saussure, tal como essa última é apresentada no Curso de linguística geral. Ao fim, a título de provocação, são esboçadas algumas palavras a respeito da proximidade entre os trabalhos epistemológicos de Valentin N. Volóchinov e Wilhelm Dilthey
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