1,720,962 research outputs found
Radical ecological criticism in organizational context : csr ambivalence in Biodynamic companies
No full textDepuis la fin du XXe siècle, les revendications écologiques remettent en question la légitimité du capitalisme et amènent les entreprises à se justifier et à se transformer. L’essor de la RSE dans les entreprises peut être considéré comme étroitement lié à la critique écologique du capitalisme (Chiapello, 2013). Dans une approche constructiviste de la RSE, nous nous interrogeons sur la portée de la critique écologique pour l’évolution organisationnelle dans un contexte capitaliste. Nous questionnons la transformation de l’entreprise par les acteurs d’une critique écologique radicale, en nous intéressant au fondement ontologique de cette critique et à ses répercussions sur le modèle de l’entreprise et sur la RSE. Cette recherche s’appuie sur le cadre des Économies de la grandeur (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991), afin d’appréhender la multiplicité des positions des acteurs sociaux et leur capacité à argumenter et à influencer l’évolution des entreprises.En particulier, nous analysons l’émergence d’une argumentation écologique et questionnons son caractère radical (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). Cette recherche qualitative interprétativiste s’appuie sur l’étude de deux PME en croissance engagées en Biodynamie. Nous y étudions la confrontation entre le développement d’un modèle fonctionnaliste d’organisation et les tentatives de défense d’un modèle écologique d’organisation, la RSE tenant une place ambivalente dans cette tension. Cette recherche confirme et précise le bouleversement ontologique amené par l’argumentation écologique (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993) et expose ce que ce bouleversement implique pour la RSE et pour l’évolution des entreprises.Since the end of the twentieth century, ecological claims have challenged the legitimacy of capitalism and led companies to justify and transform themselves. In particular, ecological criticism of capitalism lead to the rise of CSR in companies (Chiapello, 2013). In a constructivist approach to CSR, we question the scope of ecological criticism for organizational evolution. We aim at explaining how actors of a radical ecological criticism try to transform companies, threw the analysis of the ontological basis of this criticism, and the manner ecological claims are defended in an organizational context. This research is based on the framework of the Economies of worth (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991), in order to take into account the multiplicity of social actor positions and their ability to argue and influence the evolution of companies. In particular, we analyze the emergence of an ecological argumentation and we question its radical character (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). This interpretative qualitative research is based on the study of two growing SMEs involved in Biodynamics. Through this multiple case study, we analyze the confrontation between the development of a functionalist organizational model and attempts to defend an ecological organizational model and CSR ambivalence in this tension. This research confirms and clarifies the ontological upheaval brought about by ecological argumentation (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). Then we specify what this upheaval implies for CSR and for the evolution of companies
Si écologie et capitalisme sont incompatibles, comment « re-naturer » les humains ?
No full texthttps://theconversation.com/si-ecologie-et-capitalisme-sont-incompatibles-comment-re-naturer-les-humains-21014
La critique écologique radicale dans le contexte de l'entreprise : l'ambivalence des démarches de RSE dans les entreprises en Biodynamie
No full textSince the end of the twentieth century, ecological claims have challenged the legitimacy of capitalism and led companies to justify and transform themselves. In particular, ecological criticism of capitalism lead to the rise of CSR in companies (Chiapello, 2013). In a constructivist approach to CSR, we question the scope of ecological criticism for organizational evolution. We aim at explaining how actors of a radical ecological criticism try to transform companies, threw the analysis of the ontological basis of this criticism, and the manner ecological claims are defended in an organizational context. This research is based on the framework of the Economies of worth (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991), in order to take into account the multiplicity of social actor positions and their ability to argue and influence the evolution of companies. In particular, we analyze the emergence of an ecological argumentation and we question its radical character (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). This interpretative qualitative research is based on the study of two growing SMEs involved in Biodynamics. Through this multiple case study, we analyze the confrontation between the development of a functionalist organizational model and attempts to defend an ecological organizational model and CSR ambivalence in this tension. This research confirms and clarifies the ontological upheaval brought about by ecological argumentation (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). Then we specify what this upheaval implies for CSR and for the evolution of companies.Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, les revendications écologiques remettent en question la légitimité du capitalisme et amènent les entreprises à se justifier et à se transformer. L’essor de la RSE dans les entreprises peut être considéré comme étroitement lié à la critique écologique du capitalisme (Chiapello, 2013). Dans une approche constructiviste de la RSE, nous nous interrogeons sur la portée de la critique écologique pour l’évolution organisationnelle dans un contexte capitaliste. Nous questionnons la transformation de l’entreprise par les acteurs d’une critique écologique radicale, en nous intéressant au fondement ontologique de cette critique et à ses répercussions sur le modèle de l’entreprise et sur la RSE. Cette recherche s’appuie sur le cadre des Économies de la grandeur (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991), afin d’appréhender la multiplicité des positions des acteurs sociaux et leur capacité à argumenter et à influencer l’évolution des entreprises.En particulier, nous analysons l’émergence d’une argumentation écologique et questionnons son caractère radical (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993). Cette recherche qualitative interprétativiste s’appuie sur l’étude de deux PME en croissance engagées en Biodynamie. Nous y étudions la confrontation entre le développement d’un modèle fonctionnaliste d’organisation et les tentatives de défense d’un modèle écologique d’organisation, la RSE tenant une place ambivalente dans cette tension. Cette recherche confirme et précise le bouleversement ontologique amené par l’argumentation écologique (Lafaye & Thévenot, 1993) et expose ce que ce bouleversement implique pour la RSE et pour l’évolution des entreprises
Compte rendu de l'ouvrage : « Perspectives critiques en management. Pour une gestion citoyenne »
No full textInternational audienc
A century of biodynamic farming development: implications for sustainability transformations
No full textInternational audienceIn the context of the agroecological transition, the ability of alternative ways of farming to develop themselves in the long run without being co-opted by mainstream input intensive agriculture is essential. Biodynamic farming (BF), which began a century ago in 1924, was one of the first alternatives to modern agriculture, associated with specific agricultural practices, worldview and human-nature relationships. Over the last 100 years, BF has developed worldwide in a context of growing industrialization, without becoming industrialized itself, and it is still considered today as a radically alternative way of farming. To better understand the resistance of BF, this paper provides an overview of its history, with particular emphasis on its complex relationships with the broader organic agriculture (OA) movement. Three overlapping historical stages are distinguished: (1) Agronomic consolidation stage: from Rudolf Steiner’s agricultural courses to the first “Agricultural Experimental Circle”, the creation of the Demeter label and the emergence of OA (first half of 20th century); (2) Institutionalization stage; Initially, BF was coevolving closely with the growing OA movement, but then the differentiation between both progressively increased. Meanwhile the first collaborations with academic research institutes were initiated; (3) Expansion stage: With growing commercialization opportunities for biodynamic products, the 21st century corresponds to a stage of economic development for BF and a new wave of geographic expansion in every continent. In the final section of the paper, the implications for sustainability transformations are discussed. Particularly, it is argued that the ability of BF to combine strategies of agronomic consolidation, institutionalization and expansion over time could be the key to its resilience. The complementarities between BF and other alternative ways of farming might play an important role in future evolutions
Imaginer au-delà du dualisme nature-culture : Une exploration de la justice écologique
No full textInternational audienceIn the face of rising sustainability issues, increasing numbers of organisations are trying to build compromises between their economic purpose and ecological objectives. Organisational studies focus on the analysis of such compromise processes but most studies do not seek to grasp the substantial changes advocated by ecological critiques. Our research is aimed at addressing that gap by clarifying the radical view sustained by ecological imaginary beyond conventional compromise processes. We engage in a qualitative study of biodynamics – an agricultural method based on a radical ecological imaginary – to evaluate its moral underpinnings through Boltanski and Thévenot’s Economies of Worth framework. Our findings help us to grasp the radical moral substance of ecological critique and to extend that framework beyond its dualist assumption. By highlighting antagonisms between meta-conceptions of justice rather than analysing compromises, our research provides insights into the radical organisational changes advocated by ecological critiques
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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