10 research outputs found
ANALYSIS OF BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES RELATED TO HARD BUNCH PHENOMENA IN OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
No full textKeterpautan 23 Marka Mikrosatelit Pada Kromosom 6 Dan 7 Dengan Karakter Ketahanan Populasi Jagung Terhadap Penyakit Bulai (Peronosclerospora Maydis)
Get PDFLinkage of 23 Microsatellite Marker on Chromosome 6and 7 to Downy Mildew Resistance on Maize. Roberdi,Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Asep Setiawan, Sutrisno, Marcia B.Pabendon, and M. Azrai. Downy mildew caused byPeronosclerospora is one of most important maize diseasein several countries, including Indonesia. Parental andprogenies selection based on conventional breeding is timeconsuming and laborious. Development of molecularbiology produces many DNA markers used for selection, oneof them is microsatellite. The aim of this research to identifymicrosatellite markers associated with downy mildewresistance on maize progeny MR-4 X AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B, on chromosome 6 and 7. This research was consistedof two activities, phenotypic and genotypic analysis.Phenotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F2 and both ofparents. This analysis included planting of spreading row,inoculums preparation, inoculation of spreader rows, testmaterial planting, inoculation of test material andobservation. Genotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F1and both of parents. This analysis included DNA genomeisolation, PCR analysis, electrophoresis, gel staining and datascoring. Percentage of downy mildew infections on MR-4was 76%, while these on AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B was16%, and on 175 progenies had range from 10.1-100%. Out of23 SSR, 12 markers could be mapped in chromosome 6 and11 markers in chromosome 7. QTL analyses showed thatchromosome 7 contain one QTL in position between phi082and phi116I marker as far as 18.6 cM with 2.6 LOD value
OPTIMASI PRIMER SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHYSM (SNAP) PADA GEN BRASSINOSTEROID (BRI) KELAPA SAWIT
Get PDFOptimisation of Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) Primers in Brassinosteroid (BRI) Gene of Oil Palm Oil palm varieties that have high yields still have a high rate of stem height increase, and it has an impact on difficulties at harvest. Brassinosteroid (BRI) is one of the growth hormones that regulate stem height increase. In this study, the sample used is three types of oil palm, namely E. guineensis which represents the height growth of normal oil palm stems, E. oleifera which represents slow stem height growth, and the result of crossing or hybrid Eo x Eg which is expected to inherit the traits between the two the crossed parent. Sequencing was carried out on samples using a specific primer for the BRI gene that triggers elongation and division of stem cells. The Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphisms (SNAP) primers used in the analysis process need to find the optimum temperature to obtain the optimum PCR conditions. Four primers of Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) that get the optimum temperature with a mixture of normal reagents are BRI 69 Alt-Rev and BRI 562 Ref-Rev at 55oC, BRI 1206 Alt-Rev at 57oC and BRI 1206 Ref-Rev at 58oC. Two primers require additional MgCl2 in the reactant mixture, namely BRI 69 Ref-Rev at 55oC and BRI 2115 Alt-Rev at 56oC.Keywords: Oil palm, Brassinosteroid, Primer, DNA, GenesABSTRAK Varietas-varietas kelapa sawit yang memiliki daya hasil tinggi umumnya masih memiliki laju pertambahan tinggi yang relatif cepat dan berakibat pada kesulitan saat panen. Brassinosteroid (BRI) merupakan salah satu hormon pertumbuhan yang mengatur pertambahan tinggi batang. Pada studi ini, Sampel yang digunakan adalah tiga jenis kelapa sawit yaitu sampel E. guineensis yang mewakili pertumbuhan tinggi batang kelapa sawit normal, E. oleifera yang mewakili pertumbuhan tinggi batang lambat, dan hasil persilangan atau hibrida Eo x Eg yang diharapkan mewarisi sifat antara kedua induk yang disilangkan. Sekuensing dilakukan pada sampel menggunakan primer spesifik gen BRI yang memicu pemanjangan dan pembelahan sel batang. Primer Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphisms (SNAP) yang digunakan dalam proses analisis perlu dicari suhu optimumnya agar didapatkan kondisi PCR yang optimum sehingga dihasilkan produk PCR yang spesifik. Empat primer Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) yang mendapatkan suhu optimum dengan campuran pereaksi normal yaitu BRI 69 Alt-Rev dan BRI 562 Ref-Rev pada suhu 55oC, BRI 1206 Alt-Rev pada suhu 57oC dan BRI 1206 Ref-Rev pada suhu 58oC. Dua primer membutuhkan tambahan MgCl2 pada campuran pereaksinya yaitu BRI 69 Ref-Rev pada suhu 55oC dan BRI 2115 Alt-Rev pada suhu 56oC.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Brassinosteroid, Primer, DNA, Ge
Keterpautan 23 Marka Mikrosatelit pada Kromosom 6 dan 7 dengan Karakter Ketahanan Populasi Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis)
No full text<p>Linkage of 23 Microsatellite Marker on Chromosome 6<br />and 7 to Downy Mildew Resistance on Maize. Roberdi,<br />Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Asep Setiawan, Sutrisno, Marcia B.<br />Pabendon, and M. Azrai. Downy mildew caused by<br />Peronosclerospora is one of most important maize disease<br />in several countries, including Indonesia. Parental and<br />progenies selection based on conventional breeding is time<br />consuming and laborious. Development of molecular<br />biology produces many DNA markers used for selection, one<br />of them is microsatellite. The aim of this research to identify<br />microsatellite markers associated with downy mildew<br />resistance on maize progeny MR-4 X AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-<br />1-2-B, on chromosome 6 and 7. This research was consisted<br />of two activities, phenotypic and genotypic analysis.<br />Phenotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F2 and both of<br />parents. This analysis included planting of spreading row,<br />inoculums preparation, inoculation of spreader rows, test<br />material planting, inoculation of test material and<br />observation. Genotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F1<br />and both of parents. This analysis included DNA genome<br />isolation, PCR analysis, electrophoresis, gel staining and data<br />scoring. Percentage of downy mildew infections on MR-4<br />was 76%, while these on AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B was<br />16%, and on 175 progenies had range from 10.1-100%. Out of<br />23 SSR, 12 markers could be mapped in chromosome 6 and<br />11 markers in chromosome 7. QTL analyses showed that<br />chromosome 7 contain one QTL in position between phi082<br />and phi116I marker as far as 18.6 cM with 2.6 LOD value.</p></jats:p
Ekspresi Gen SPATULA Mesokarp Buah Kelapa Sawit Tipe Tenera dan Hibrida Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis
No full textPermintaan minyak sawit terus meningkat, sehingga perlu adanya
peningkatan produksi minyak sawit melalui pendekatan molekular. Gen
SPATULA (SPT) adalah faktor transkripsi yang dapat menstimulasi gen
biosintesis asam lemak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur ekspresi gen SPT pada
mesokarp berbagai umur buah kelapa sawit tipe Tenera dan Hibrida Elaeis
oleifera x Elaeis guineensis (Eo x Eg) menggunakan qPCR. RNA diisolasi dari
mesokarp buah sawit umur 30; 60; 90; 120; 140 dan 160 hari setelah panen (HSP)
menggunakan protokol RNeasy® Plant Mini Kit. RNA dengan kualitas baik
dikonversi menjadi cDNA. Ekspresi gen SPT dilihat menggunakan teknik qPCR.
Hasilnya gen target terekspresi pada semua sampel. Ekspresi gen target pada
sampel Tenera mengalami peningkatan pada umur 30; 60; 90 HSP dengan
ekspresi tertinggi ada pada Tenera umur 140 HSP. Ekspresi gen target pada
sampel Hibrida Eo x Eg meningkat pada umur 30 dan 60 HSP dengan ekspresi
tertinggi adalah Hibrida Eo x Eg umur 60 HSP
Keterpautan 23 Marka Mikrosatelit pada Kromosom 6 dan 7 dengan Karakter Ketahanan Populasi Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis)
Get PDFLinkage of 23 Microsatellite Marker on Chromosome 6and 7 to Downy Mildew Resistance on Maize. Roberdi,Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Asep Setiawan, Sutrisno, Marcia B.Pabendon, and M. Azrai. Downy mildew caused byPeronosclerospora is one of most important maize diseasein several countries, including Indonesia. Parental andprogenies selection based on conventional breeding is timeconsuming and laborious. Development of molecularbiology produces many DNA markers used for selection, oneof them is microsatellite. The aim of this research to identifymicrosatellite markers associated with downy mildewresistance on maize progeny MR-4 X AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B, on chromosome 6 and 7. This research was consistedof two activities, phenotypic and genotypic analysis.Phenotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F2 and both ofparents. This analysis included planting of spreading row,inoculums preparation, inoculation of spreader rows, testmaterial planting, inoculation of test material andobservation. Genotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F1and both of parents. This analysis included DNA genomeisolation, PCR analysis, electrophoresis, gel staining and datascoring. Percentage of downy mildew infections on MR-4was 76%, while these on AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B was16%, and on 175 progenies had range from 10.1-100%. Out of23 SSR, 12 markers could be mapped in chromosome 6 and11 markers in chromosome 7. QTL analyses showed thatchromosome 7 contain one QTL in position between phi082and phi116I marker as far as 18.6 cM with 2.6 LOD value
Identification of Gene Related to Hard Bunch Phenotype in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Get PDF<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Molecular genetic analysis of hard bunch phenomenon in oil palm was done in order to elucidate the role of genetic factor underlying hard bunch in oil palm plantation. The aim of this study was to identify the AFLP primer combination that co-segregates with hard bunch phenotype related gene in oil palm. Molecular analysis was done by bulk segregant analysis approach. DNA was isolated from leaves of the normal and hard bunch palm. DNA from ten individual palms from each category were pooled and used as a template. A total of 56 AFLP primer combinations were selected for selection of polymorphic primer, and as a result it was found that 22 AFLP primer combinations (39.28%) were polymorphic. A total of 48 individual of palm DNA containing 24 individual for each group were further genotyped by those 22 polymorphic markers. Of these, one AFLP primer combination (E-ACC/M-CTG) was obtained as a co-segregated marker that distinguished the hard bunch DNA from the normal one. Based on the analysis of the target sequence aligned to the oil palm DNA sequences available in database, we found that our sequence has similarity with Ty-1 copia retrotransposon. This sequence distribute in all 16 linkage group of oil palm genome.</p><p>Keywords: abnormal fruits, AFLP, oil palm, Ty-1 copia retrotransposon</p></jats:p
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Potongan DNA Gen Sterol Metiltransferase 1 (SMT1) Asal Kelapa Sawit
Get PDFTanaman dengan pertambahan tinggi yang lambat merupakan karakter penting dalam program pemuliaan kelapa sawit dan brasinosteroid merupakan hormon penting yang berpengaruh untuk karakter tersebut. Gen sterol metiltransferase 1 (SMT1) merupakan salah satu gen kunci dalam biosintesis brasinosteroid. Pengembangan marker molekuler dapat dimulai dengan identifikasi dan karakterisasi gen yang terkait dengan karakter target. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi keragaman nukleotida gen SMT1. Amplifikasi PCR dilakukan menggunakan genom Elaeis oleifera (E.o.), E. guineensis (E.g.) dan hibrida dari keduanya (E.g. x E.o.) dengan sepasang primer spesifik gen SMT1. Dalam penelitian ini berhasil diamplifikasi satu potongan DNA gen SMT1 dan dari hasil DNA sequencing berhasil diidentifikasi sebanyak 501- 505 pb. Potongan DNA yang diidentifikasi terdiri atas partial intron 8, exon 9, intron 9, dan patial exon 10, yang menyandi antara 104-105 residu asam amino. Domain residu asam amino terkonservasi ditemukan dalam hasil translasi amplikon, yang berkorelasi dengan situs aktif dalam biosintesis brasinosteroid dan mengkonfirmasi identitas amplikon sebagai bagian dari gen SMT1. Keragaman nukleotida potongan DNA gen SMT1 yang teridentifikasi berpotensi dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan marker molekuler yang bermanfaat untuk pemuliaan tanaman kelapa sawit, terutama untuk karakter pertambahan tinggi tanaman yang lambat.
Kata kunci: Brasinosteroid, sterol, tanaman kerdilSlow height increment is a desirable character in oil palm breeding, and brassinosteroid is an important hormone associated with the character. Sterol methyltransferase 1 (SMT1) is a key gene associated with brassinosteroid biosynthesis. One of the molecular marker development approaches is identifying and characterization of genes associated with the target character. The study aims to isolate and characterize the nucleotide sequence diversity of the SMT1 gene. PCR amplification of the SMT1 gene from Elaeis oleifera (E.o.), E. guineensis (E.g.), and their hybrids (E.g. × E.o.) was done using SMT1 gene-specific primers. The SMT1 gene fragment representing partial intron 8, exons 9, intron 9, and partial exon 10 was successfully amplified and the fragment sequenced in this study. The total nucleotide sequences found in this study were between 501-505 bp, encoded a ranged from 104-105 amino acid residues. A conserved domain of the amino acid residues associated with brassinosteroid biosynthesis was identified in the translated polypeptide, confirming the amplicon’s identity as the SMT1 gene fragment. The identified SMT1 gene nucleotide sequence variabilities may be used to develop molecular markers useful for oil palm breeding programs, especially for the low height increment character.
Keywords: Brasinosteroid, dwarf stature, stero
Enzyme and hormone activities related to phosphorus uptake limitation in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
No full textPhosphorus (P) is an essential element for oil palm growth and development. Acid phosphatase (Apase) and Pti‐interacting serine/threonine kinase are two enzymes which enzymes confirmed to be related to P‐uptake in oil palm, therefore their activities in oil palm treated with P‐limitation need to be quantified. Acid phosphatase is believed to be induced by P‐deprivation. Conversely, the Pto‐interaction (Pti) serine/threonine kinase activity is associated with abiotic stress. The aim of this study was to quantify of activities of two selected enzymes and phytohormone content in oil palm‐clones in the P‐limitation condition. Two oil palms genotypes were treated with three P dosages i.e. 0% (v/v), 4.67% (v/v), and 14.02% (v/v) represented as starvation, deficiency, and optimum condition, respectively. The activity of these two enzymes was quantified in mitochondria and cytoplasm using spectrophotometry and modified dot‐blot methods, while abscisic acid, indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid content was quantified using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The result showed that the Apase activity in P‐optimum was higher than starvation and deficiency in leaf and root tissues in both genotypes, whereas Pti serine/threonine kinase activity was higher in prolific than non‐prolific genotypes in P‐deficient dosage. Furthermore, abscisic acid content was higher in prolific than non‐prolific genotypes in starvation and deficient, whereas other hormone contents were similar. Association study showed that prolific was separated with non‐prolific ones at different doses of P. Finally, the prolific genotype is more adaptable with P deficiency
Transcriptome Profiling of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Under Heat Stress Condition
Get PDFGlobal warming is predicted to have a generally negative effect on agriculture activity. High temperatures stress could affect plant growth negatively. Developing plants with improved thermal tolerance using molecular genetic approaches could mitigate these heat stress effects. Elite palms with better adaptation to heat can be selected from germplasm using molecular markers. Transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing is a way to find molecular markers of a particular trait. The objective of the study was to obtain differential expressed genes (DEGs) related to the heat stress effect. RNA sequencing results were displayed using heat maps which were useful for visualizing the expression of genes across the high-temperature treatment and control samples. In total, where 1,087 genes were identified involved in oil palm heat stress. Sixty-four (64) of them were differentially expressed, consisted of seventeen (17) up-regulated and forty-seven (47) down-regulated. The uni-gene was summarized in Gene Ontology (GO) categories, namely: biological process, molecular function, and cellular component, subsequently divided into 53 sub-categories. The single organism process, biosynthetic process, response to stimulus, oxidation-reduction process, and response stress were the five primary sub-categories. Sixty-four genes related to heat stress were found, and eight (12.5%) of them were determined as heat shock protein (HSP) family. The highest transcription level was the uncharacterized gene, a member of the heat response sub-category, and the others up-regulated gene consisted of HSP family gene, Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family and HIPP gene, slr0575 gene, CML14 gene, and PARP gene
