66 research outputs found
Can Intellectual Property Rights form a part of the Salvors' Traditional Rights, and Can a Balance be achieved between them? The position of English, American and South African Salvors in the light of the recent decisions of the RMS Titanic cases in
No full textA review of Salvage Law as it existed before the discovery of the RMS Titanic wreck, and the subsequent disputes about """"ownership"""" of the wreck. The laws of several maritime nations relating to Intellectual Property is examined, including Law of Copyright, of Trademarks and of Trade Secrets are examined and suggestions are made regarding the way forward
Nonlinear interactions during early stages of boundary layer transition induced by free-stream turbulence
No full textThe experimental study of a disturbed flat plate boundary layer subjected to moderate free-stream turbulence (FST) is presented. All measurements were conducted in a flow region with zero intermittency. By means of bispectral analysis it was found that after initial linear growth of low-frequency streaks two distinct nonlinear processes arises in a boundary layer. The first one is represented by interactions between low frequencies in upper third of a boundary layer and in immediate vicinity of it and the second one is an interaction of streaks with high-frequency disturbances across whole layer. In present experimental setup the region of nonlinear development had taken length about two-thirds of the measurements domain. Inside boundary layer the critical r.m.s.-amplitude of disturbances needed to initiate nonlinear development was found to be about 2 per cent of free-stream velocity
Facility Management van de Universiteit van Suriname
No full textVoor de Universiteit van Suriname moest een informatiesysteem opgezet worden om de faciliteiten aldaar te beheren. Hiervoor is gekeken naar de huidige manier van werken en de beschikbare technologieën, waarna het systeem ontworpen en geïmplementeerd is. Hierbij is de nadruk gelegd op de onderhoudbaarheid en mogelijkheid tot verdere ontwikkeling van dit systeem.Software TechnologyElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Some observed seasonal changes in extratropical general circulation: A study in terms of vorticity
No full textExtratropical eddy distributions in four months typical of the four seasons are treated in terms of temporal mean and temporal r.m.s. values of the geostrophic relative vorticity. The geographical distributions of these parameters at the 300 mb level show that the arithmetic mean fields are highly biased representatives of the extratropical eddy distributions. The zonal arithmetic means of these parameters are also presented. These show that the zonal-and-time mean relative vorticity is but a small fraction of the zonal mean of the temporal r.m.s. relative vorticity, K. The reasons for considering the r.m.s. values as the temporal normal values of vorticity in the extratropics are given in considerable detail. The parameter K is shown to be of considerable importance in locating the extratropical frontal jet streams (EFJ) in time-and-zonal average distributions. The study leads to an understanding of the seasonal migrations of the EFJ which have not been explored until now
On fibers and accessibility of groups acting on trees with inversions
No full textThroughout this paper the actions of groups on
graphs with inversions are allowed. An element g of a group G is
called inverter if there exists a tree X where G acts such that g
transfers an edge of X into its inverse. A group G is called accessible
if G is finitely generated and there exists a tree on which G acts
such that each edge group is finite, no vertex is stabilized by G, and
each vertex group has at most one end.
In this paper we show that if G is a group acting on a tree
X such that if for each vertex v of X, the vertex group Gv of v
acts on a tree Xv, the edge group Ge of each edge e of X is finite
and contains no inverter elements of the vertex group Gt(e) of the
terminal t(e) of e, then we obtain a new tree denoted Xe and is called
a fiber tree such that G acts on Xe. As an application, we show that
if G is a group acting on a tree X such that the edge group Ge for
each edge e of X is finite and contains no inverter elements of Gt(e),
the vertex Gv group of each vertex v of X is accessible, and the
quotient graph G /X for the action of G on X is finite, then G is
an accessible group.The author would like to thank the referee for his(her) help and suggestions to improve the first draft of this paper
On fibers and accessibility of groups acting on trees with inversions
No full textThroughout this paper the actions of groups on
graphs with inversions are allowed. An element g of a group G is
called inverter if there exists a tree X where G acts such that g
transfers an edge of X into its inverse. A group G is called accessible
if G is finitely generated and there exists a tree on which G acts
such that each edge group is finite, no vertex is stabilized by G, and
each vertex group has at most one end.
In this paper we show that if G is a group acting on a tree
X such that if for each vertex v of X, the vertex group Gv of v
acts on a tree Xv, the edge group Ge of each edge e of X is finite
and contains no inverter elements of the vertex group Gt(e) of the
terminal t(e) of e, then we obtain a new tree denoted Xe and is called
a fiber tree such that G acts on Xe. As an application, we show that
if G is a group acting on a tree X such that the edge group Ge for
each edge e of X is finite and contains no inverter elements of Gt(e),
the vertex Gv group of each vertex v of X is accessible, and the
quotient graph G /X for the action of G on X is finite, then G is
an accessible group.The author would like to thank the referee for his(her) help and suggestions to improve the first draft of this paper
On fibers and accessibility of groups acting on trees with inversions
No full textThroughout this paper the actions of groups on
graphs with inversions are allowed. An element g of a group G is
called inverter if there exists a tree X where G acts such that g
transfers an edge of X into its inverse. A group G is called accessible
if G is finitely generated and there exists a tree on which G acts
such that each edge group is finite, no vertex is stabilized by G, and
each vertex group has at most one end.
In this paper we show that if G is a group acting on a tree
X such that if for each vertex v of X, the vertex group Gv of v
acts on a tree Xv, the edge group Ge of each edge e of X is finite
and contains no inverter elements of the vertex group Gt(e) of the
terminal t(e) of e, then we obtain a new tree denoted Xe and is called
a fiber tree such that G acts on Xe. As an application, we show that
if G is a group acting on a tree X such that the edge group Ge for
each edge e of X is finite and contains no inverter elements of Gt(e),
the vertex Gv group of each vertex v of X is accessible, and the
quotient graph G /X for the action of G on X is finite, then G is
an accessible group.The author would like to thank the referee for his(her) help and suggestions to improve the first draft of this paper
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the tropical forage legume Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.
No full textStylosanthes guianensis is an important tropical pasture legume. Knowledge of genetic diversity and structure of S. guianensis populations is of great importance for the conservation and germplasm management of this species. Thus, 20 microsatellite markers were developed from a S. guianensis enriched library. The microsatellites were characterized in 20 accessions from the germplasm collection of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa). The average number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 7, with an average of 4 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.60 and 0.10 to 0.85, respectively. This new set of microsatellites will contribute towards studies of genetic diversity and conservation of S. guianensis. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.M. O. Santos, C. T. Karia, R. M. S. Resende, L. Chiari, L. Jungmann, M. I. Zucchi, A. P. Souz
Mating Systems In Tropical Forages: Stylosanthes Capitata Vog. And Stylosanthes Guianensis (aubl.) Sw
No full textStylosanthes capitata and S. guianensis are important forage legumes for tropical areas. The only available estimates of S. capitata and S. guianensis outcrossing rates were based on morphological markers, and the genus is considered as being mainly self-pollinated. Here we describe an estimation of the outcrossing rate in S. capitata and S. guianensis using microsatellite markers. The outcrossing rates were estimated in S. capitata and S. guianensis open-pollinated populations of 20 progenies consisting of ten individuals each. The multi locus outcrossing rate for S. capitata was estimated using 10 polymorphic loci, whereas five microsatellites were used for S. guianensis. The multi locus outcrossing rates for S. capitata and S. guianensis were 31 and 26%, respectively, suggesting a mixed mating system with predominance of autogamy. Comparison of single locus and multi locus estimates of outcrossing rates indicated that little inbreeding other than selfing occurred. The estimated Wright's fixation index of the parental generation was lower than expected based on the multi locus outcrossing rate, possibly resulting from the use of some heterozygous breeding genotypes for the study. The data on the outcrossing rate described here are potentially useful for breeding programs and for maintenance of germplasm collections of these Stylosanthes species. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.1782185193Alcaraz, M., Hormaza, J., Molecular characterization and genetic diversity in an avocado collection of cultivars and local Spanish genotypes using SSRs (2007) Hereditas, 144, pp. 244-253Azevedo, V.C., Kanashiro, M., Ciampi, A.Y., Grattapaglia, D., Genetic structure and mating system of Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev., a heavily logged Amazonian timber species (2007) J Hered, 98, pp. 646-654Barkley, N.A., Roose, M.L., Krueger, R.R., Federici, C.T., Assessing genetic diversity and population structure in a citrus germplasm collection utilizing simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) (2006) Theor Appl Genet, 112, pp. 1519-1531Billote, N., Lagoda, P.J.L., Risterucci, A.M., Baurens, F.C., Microsatellite enriched libraries: applied methodology for the development of SSR markers in tropical crops (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 277-288Bonato, A.L., Verzignass, J.R., Resende, R.M., Fernandes, C.D., Leguizamon, G.O., Extração de DNA genômico de Stylosanthes spp (2002) Embrapa Gado de Corte/Comunicado Técnico, , http://www.cnpgc.embrapa.br/publicacoes/cot/pdf/COT78.pdfBray, R., Hutton, E., Plant breeding and genetics (1976) Trop Pasture Res, 51, pp. 353-388Cameron, D., Hutton, E., Miles, J., Brolmann, J., Plant breeding in Stylosanthes (1984) The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes, pp. 589-606. , H. Stace and L. Edye (Eds.), Sydney: Academic PressCameron, D., Trevorrow, R., Liu, C., Recent advances in studies of anthracnose of Stylosanthes. II. Approaches to breeding for anthracnose resistance in Stylosanthes in Australia (1997) Trop Grasslands, 31, pp. 424-429Chandra, A., Pathak, P.S., Bhatt, R.K., Stylosanthes research in India: prospects and challenges ahead (2006) Curr Sci India, 90, pp. 915-921Conte, R., dos Sedrez, R.M., Mantovani, A., Vencovsky, R., Genetic structure and mating system of Euterpe edulis Mart. populations: a comparative analysis using microsatellite and allozyme markers (2008) J Hered, 99, pp. 476-482Costa, N., (2006) Revisão do género Stylosanthes, p. 470. , PhD thesis. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, LisboaCreste, S., Tulmann, N.A., Figueira, A., Detection of single sequence repeat polymorphisms in denaturing polyacrylamide sequencing gels by silver staining (2001) Plant Mol Biol Rep, 19, pp. 299-306Edye, L., Cameron, D., Prospects for Stylosanthes improvement and utilization (1984) The Biology and Agronomy of Stylosanthes, pp. 571-588. , H. Stace and L. Edye (Eds.), Sydney: Academic PressFerreira, M., Costa, N., (1979) O Genero Stylosanthes Sw. No Brasil, , Belo Horizonte: EPAMIGGillies, A.C., Abbott, R.J., Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Stylosanthes (Leguminosae) based upon chloroplast DNA variation (1996) Plant Syst Evol, 200, pp. 1615-6110Goudet, J., (2001) FSTAT (Version 1.2): A computer program to calculate F-statistics, , http://www2.unil.ch/popgen/softwares/fstat.htm, Accessed 17 June 2010Grof, B., Schultze-Kraft, R., Miller, F., Stylosanthes capitata Vog., some agronomic attributes, and resistance to anthracnose Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz (1979) Trop Grasslands, 13, pp. 28-37Hamrick, J., Godt, M., Effects of life history traits on genetic diversity in plant species (1996) Philos Trans R Soc B, 351, pp. 1291-1298Karasawa, M., Vencovsky, R., Silva, C., Zucchi, M., Oliveira, G., Veasey, E., Mating system of Brazilian Oryza glumaepatula populations studied with microsatellite markers (2007) Ann Bot, 99, pp. 245-253Kelemu, S., Changshun, J., Guixi, H., Segura, G., Genetic transformation of the tropical forage legume Stylosanthes guianensis with rice-chitinase gene confers resistance to Rhizoctonia foliar blight disease (2005) Afr J Biotechnol, 4, pp. 1025-1033Lewis, P.O., Zaykin, D., (2000) Genetic data analysis: Computer program for the analysis of allelic data, , http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/people/plewis/software.php, Accessed 23 Sept 2002Liu, C., Musial, J., Thomas, B., Genetic relationship among Stylosanthes species revealed by RFLP and STS analyses (1999) Theor Appl Genet, 99, pp. 1179-1186Maass, B.L., Sawkins, M.C., History, relationships and diversity among Stylosanthes species of commercial significance (chapter 1) (2004) High-yielding anthracnose-resistant Stylosanthes for agricultural systems, pp. 9-26. , Chakraborty S (ed), ACIAR Monograph No. 111. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Canberra, AustraliaMaass, B., Torres, A., Off-types indicates natural outcrossing in five tropical forage legumes in Colombia (1998) Trop Grasslands, 32, pp. 124-130Mantovani, A., Morellato, P., Dos Reis, M., Internal genetic structure and outcrossing rate in a natural population of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. 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Deformation of a linear viscoelastic compliant coating in a turbulent flow
No full textWe investigate the deformation of a linear viscoelastic compliant coating in a turbulent flow for a wide range of coating parameters. A one-way coupling model is proposed in which the turbulent surface stresses are expressed as a sum of streamwise-travelling waves with amplitudes determined from the stress spectra of the corresponding flow over a rigid wall. The analytically calculated coating deformation is analysed in terms of the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) surface displacement and the corresponding point frequency spectra. The present study systematically investigates the influence of five coating properties namely density, stiffness, thickness, viscoelasticity and compressibility. The surface displacements increase linearly with the fluid/solid density ratio. They are linearly proportional to the coating thickness for thin coatings, while they become independent of the thickness for thick coatings. Very soft coatings show resonant behaviour, but the displacement for stiffer coatings is proportional to the inverse of the shear modulus. The viscoelastic loss angle has only a significant influence when resonances occur in the coating response, while Poisson's ratio has a minor effect for most cases. The modelled surface displacement is qualitatively compared with recent measurements on the deformation of three different coatings in a turbulent boundary-layer flow. The model predicts the order of magnitude of the surface displacement, and it captures the increase of the coating displacement with the Reynolds number and the coating softness. Finally, we propose a scaling that collapses all the experimental data for the r.m.s. of the vertical surface displacement onto a single curve.Fluid MechanicsSupport Process and EnergyMulti Phase System
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