169 research outputs found
Bhikhu Parekh
No full textCopyright © The Author 2023. This chapter evaluates Bhikhu Parekh’s texts on multiculturalism, as they are his best-known works and have had a significant impact on political philosophers, scholars in other disciplines, and policy-makers. After introducing Parekh, the chapter examines his ideas about culture and cultural diversity. It then considers why he values intercultural dialogue and examines his approach to legitimizing cultural diversity in a polity. The chapter also discusses Parekh’s approach to fostering unity among the culturally diverse citizens of a polity and looks at how his practical political interventions relate to his ideas about what political philosophy is. Finally, the chapter considers the reception of Parekh’s work on multiculturalism and how best to interpret it
BHIKHU PAREKH CRITICS TOWARD MODERN PLURALISM
No full textPluralism is judged by some thinkers as a response to their dissatisfaction with monism. The factual realities have made a self-evident that society's culture is plural. In this paper the author tries to describe three prominent figures who discuss about pluralism and the weaknesses of their thoughts. The author stands on the work of Bhikhu Parekh entitled "Rethinking Multiculturalism; Cultural Diversity and Political Theory". In Parekh's view, the three thinkers have criticized monism and wanted to propose the idea of cultural pluralism. Unfortunately, they are stuck on moral values which are integral and universal. So they are just returning to moral monism in explaining the reality of a diverse society. In this dialect, multiculturalism becomes a new alternative for intercultural dialogue that carries the mission of equality and freedom of expression which is accompanied by positive reciprocity leading to a dynamic civilization of constructive human life.</jats:p
An improved Quantum Max Cut approximation via matching
No full textFinding a high (or low) energy state of a given quantum Hamiltonian is a
potential area to gain a provable and practical quantum advantage. A line of
recent studies focuses on Quantum Max Cut, where one is asked to find a high
energy state of a given antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Hamiltonian. In this work,
we present a classical approximation algorithm for Quantum Max Cut that
achieves an approximation ratio of 0.584 given a generic input, and a ratio of
0.595 given a triangle-free input, outperforming the previous best algorithms
of Lee \cite{Lee22} (0.562, generic input) and King \cite{King22} (0.582,
triangle-free input). The algorithm is based on finding the maximum weighted
matching of an input graph and outputs a product of at most 2-qubit states,
which is simpler than the fully entangled output states of the previous best
algorithms. --v2 update: Ojas Parekh added as an author, triangle free
condition removed
پاکستانی زبانیں اور بولیاں: ایک بنیادی تعارف
No full textPakistan is a country with amazing linguistic variation and a large number of languages and dialects are spoken in Pakistan. Some linguists have put the number of languages spoken in Pakistan as high as 77. But it is a matter of concern, says the author in this paper, that no authentic survey of languages spoken in Pakistan has ever been conducted and most of the information we have is based on either some foreign scholars and linguists or some foreign publications. This paper discusses the names and number of languages and dialects spoken in Pakistan, pinpointing the areas where they are spoken. It also mentions the languages that are considered endangered since the number of their native speakers is also dwindling
Deterministic annealing algorithm: tutorial, application to pickup and delivery problem and computational aspects
No full textThe deterministic annealing (DA) method, used for the solution of several nonconvex problems, offers the ability to avoid shallow local minima of a given cost surface and the ability to minimize the cost function even when there are many local minima. The method is established in a probabilistic framework through basic information-theoretic techniques such as maximum entropy and random coding. It arises naturally in the context of statistical mechanics by the emulation of a physical process whereby a solid is slowly cooled and at zero temperature assumes its minimum energy configuration. We start with the introduction to DA method and then present a tutorial to describe the algorithm steps. Also, we discuss the connections of DA method with Statistical Mechanics and Rate-Distortion Theory. Next, we present the application of DA method to pickup and deliver scheduling problem with time windows. Finally, a computational complexity analysis for DA is presented for a given temperature schedule. The case study focuses on the geometric cooling law , where is the temperature at time .Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I only', the embargo will last until 2017-05-01The student, Pratik Mayur Parekh, accepted the attached license on 2015-04-29 at 11:47.The student, Pratik Mayur Parekh, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2015-04-29 at 11:54.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2015-04-30 at 15:06.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8183 on 2015-07-22 at 14:19:02Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T22:34:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
PAREKH-THESIS-2015.pdf: 1206816 bytes, checksum: 55dda3d59a2fd68c519e62a706ce7365 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4216 bytes, checksum: 61153f08a4282ff58434bad3e7f8ee9d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2015-04-30Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 79929
Lift date: 2017-07-22T22:34:16Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 79929 on 2017-07-23T09:15:19Z
اردو میں بائبل کے لسانی تراجم :ایک مختصر سماجی و لسانی مطالعہ
No full textBible's translations into Urdu have a long history. These translations have a peculiar religious, social, literary and linguistic background. This article finds and analyses some of the oldest Urdu translations of Bible. The author has pointed out some orthographic and phonetic peculiarities of some of the old Urdu translations of Bible as they are marked with certain tendencies. For instance, the older versions have a tendency to lengthen the vowels and hence the orthographic manifestation of certain words is quite different from what we find in today's Urdu language. The article also takes into account the change in spellings due to change in the articulation of aspirated sounds, nasal sounds and retro-flex sounds. As these translations were rendered in different parts of India, the effects of specific regional dialects of Urdu and local social conditions too have influenced these translations.
اٹھارہ سو ستاون سے قبل کی اردو شاعری میں یورپی زبانوں کے دخیل الفاظ
No full textIt is a common misconception that words borrowed from English (or other European languages) found their way into Urdu only after the 1857 War of Independence. The fact is that English loanwords, or words borrowed from some other European languages such as French, had begun penetrating into the Urdu language well before 1857. This is evident from the Urdu poetry composed by Insha Allah Khan Insha, Mushafi and some other poets who had lived much before 1857. Some Portuguese loanwords had assimilated into Urdu even earlier, since the south-western coasts of India, such as Goa and Surat, had been colonized by the Portuguese as early as the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This article records the loanwords borrowed by Urdu from certain European languages. It presents the illustrative Urdu verses, composed before 1857, as citations
غالب ،علم لغت اور قاطعِ برہان کا قضیہ
No full textThis paper examines the controversy sparked by Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib’s Qat‘e-i Burhan, a Persian prose work first published in 1862, in which Ghalib harshly criticized Burhan-i Qat‘e, a widely used Persian dictionary compiled by Muhammad Husain Burhan Tabrizi in 1652. A revised edition of Ghalib’s critique appeared in 1865 under the title Dirafsh-i Kāwiyāni, further intensifying the debate. The publication provoked numerous rejoinders—both in prose and verse—from defenders of Burhan-i Qat‘e, to which Ghalib also responded. While many Urdu critics have historically sided with Ghalib, portraying his criticism as justified and Burhān-i Qāt‘e as a flawed work, later scholars such as Qazi Abdul Wadood and Prof. Nazeer Ahmed have shown that Ghalib exaggerated the dictionary’s shortcomings. This paper argues that Ghalib’s knowledge of lexicography, lexicology, and Old Persian was limited, and that his critique included factual errors, partiality, and a disregard for scholarly decorum. It further highlights Ghalib’s use of coarse humour and satirical tone, often overlooked or downplayed by his admirers. The study draws on textual evidence from Persian and Urdu works written in response to Qāt‘e-i Burhān, challenging the perception of Ghalib’s authority in this scholarly dispute and drawing attention to the racial and cultural biases embedded in his critique
قاموس الہند: پچپن جلدوں پر محیط اردو کا نادر لغت – تعارف اور چند مغالطوں کا ازالہ
No full textQāmūs al-Hind is an Urdu dictionary consisting of fifty five volumes. Compiled by Rajesher Rao Asghar some seventy five years ago, the dictionary remains unpublished and its only manuscript in the world is in Karachi University's library. This paper presents and discusses different features of the dictionary and tries to remove some misconceptions about the number of volumes and the number of entries it has. It also gives, for the first time, details about the entries and pages of each of the fifty five volumes as up till now it was believed that it had only twenty six volumes. The paper further analyses the entries from a lexicographic point of view
قراراللغات: امیراللغات کا تکملہ؟
No full textIn this article a relatively lesser known dictionary of Urdu is introduced and its historical and linguistic value highlighted. Research indicates that Qarār al-Lughāt (316 pages) was compiled around 1914. It has four sections of compound proverbs, idioms, nouns and commonly used Persian phrases. The explanations in the dictionary are brief, there are errors in alphabetical arrangement and at places there are concerns about the authenticity of its references. Although the dictionary does not qualify as a work of high quality and standard, its historical value makes it a significant piece of work.
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