117 research outputs found
Multiple Colonization with S. pneumoniae before and after Introduction of the Seven-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
No full textBackground: Simultaneous carriage of more than one strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes horizontal gene
transfer events and may lead to capsule switch and acquisition of antibiotic resistance. We studied the epidemiology of cocolonization with S. pneumoniae before and after introduction of the seven-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine(PCV7).
Methodology: Nasopharyngeal swabs (n 1120) were collected from outpatients between 2004 and 2009 within an ongoing
nationwide surveillance program. Cocolonization was detected directly from swabs by restriction fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Serotypes were identified by agglutination, multiplex PCR and microarray.
Principal Findings: Rate of multiple colonization remained stable up to three years after PCV7 introduction. Cocolonization was associated with serotypes of low carriage prevalence in the prevaccine era. Pneumococcal colonization density was higher in cocolonized samples and cocolonizing strains were present in a balanced ratio (median 1.38). Other characteristics of cocolonization were a higher frequency at young age, but no association with recurrent acute otitis media, recent antibiotic exposure, day care usage and PCV7 vaccination status.
Conclusions: Pneumococcal cocolonization is dominated by serotypes of low carriage prevalence in the prevaccine era,
which coexist in the nasopharynx. Emergence of such previously rare serotypes under vaccine selection pressure may promote cocolonization in the future
How are you doing in your grandpa’s country? Labour market performance of Latin American immigrants in Spain.
No full textThis paper analyses wage differentials between local and foreign workers from Latin America and the Caribbean in Spain, which was traditionally a country of emigrants, being precisely Hispanic America the main host region of Spanish migrants during the 19th and 20th centuries. In addition, we also compute earnings. The paper exploits the Earnings Structure Survey 2006, which is the first nationally representative sample of both foreign and Spanish employees. Using the Machado-Mata econometric procedure, wage differentials between locals and foreigners are decomposed into the gap related to characteristics and the one due to different returns on endowments (i.e., discrimination). First, we find that, in absolute terms, the latter component grows across wage distribution, reflecting the existence of a kind of glass ceiling. Second, there seem not to be significant wage gap between Latin American and the last of foreign employees, probably because non-native workers are employed in low-skill jobs.Immigration; Wage differentials; Latin America; Spain; Quantile regression.
A sinfonia do sagrado em Castro Alves: (Deus, Eros e mãe em Os escravos)
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura.No presente trabalho realiza-se uma leitura intertextual entre a Bíblia e Os escravos, coletânea de poemas de teor abolicionista do poeta romântico Antônio Frederico de Castro Alves (1847-1871), objetivando demonstrar que os textos poéticos arquitetam-se na desconstrução e reconstrução dos textos bíblicos. A leitura dos poemas centra-se nos personagens: Deus, Eros e Mãe, os quais conformam uma trindade poética/sagrada. A pesquisa divide-se em três movimentos: Prelúdios do sagrado no Romantismo, Tríade melódica e À guisa de coda: trindade poética. No primeiro efetuam-se algumas aproximações ao conceito do sagrado e aos Romantismos francês e brasileiro. O seguinte corresponde à leitura das composições, através das linhas melódicas: A dualidade de Deus, A ambivalência de Eros e O duplo calvário da Mãe escrava. E no último movimento amalgamam-se as inter-relações entre a trindade cristã e poética e os dramas bíblico e poético
EFECTOS DE LA INTERVENCIÓN TRANSDISCIPLINAR EN EL MEDIO ACUÁTICO CON NIÑOS PREADOLESCENTES EN UN COLEGIO DE EDUCACIÓN ESPECIAL
No full textEl agua como cambio en el factor ambiental, aporta a los niños con discapacidad intelectual una libertad de movimiento gracias a la presión hidrostática y a la viscosidad, que hacen que disfruten y faciliten el aprendizaje de las habilidades necesarias para avanzar en las diferentes áreas que envuelven al ser humano: comunicación, sociabilización, funcionalidad, adaptación al medio y cognición. Muchos de estos niños tienen también trastornos físicos asociados a su patología primaria. Por eso hemos visto que es una forma motivadora de interactuar con el niño para realizar un tratamiento transdisciplinar, que abarca 4 especialidades: fisioterapia, terapia ocupacional, logopedia y maestro PT (Pedagogía Terapéutica), marcado por unos objetivos específicos e individualizados, que envuelve todas estas áreas y que forma parte de la actividad semanal en su proceso curricular. Los resultados vistos apoyan nuestra teoría de que existe una mejoría en todos los ámbitos de este grupo de 7 niños con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 14 años y características similares de un colegio de educación especial.Es un tratamiento pionero en el mundo puesto que toda la literatura que existe o que conocemos hasta día de hoy, trabaja exclusivamente la parte terapéutica y sólo con una o dos especialidades, principalmente fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional, y en patologías muy concretas como la parálisis cerebral
EFECTOS DE LA INTERVENCIÓN TRANSDISCIPLINAR EN EL MEDIO ACUÁTICO CON NIÑOS PREADOLESCENTES EN UN COLEGIO DE EDUCACIÓN ESPECIAL
No full textEl agua como cambio en el factor ambiental, aporta a los niños con discapacidad intelectual una libertad de movimiento gracias a la presión hidrostática y a la viscosidad, que hacen que disfruten y faciliten el aprendizaje de las habilidades necesarias para avanzar en las diferentes áreas que envuelven al ser humano: comunicación, sociabilización, funcionalidad, adaptación al medio y cognición. Muchos de estos niños tienen también trastornos físicos asociados a su patología primaria. Por eso hemos visto que es una forma motivadora de interactuar con el niño para realizar un tratamiento transdisciplinar, que abarca 4 especialidades: fisioterapia, terapia ocupacional, logopedia y maestro PT (Pedagogía Terapéutica), marcado por unos objetivos específicos e individualizados, que envuelve todas estas áreas y que forma parte de la actividad semanal en su proceso curricular. Los resultados vistos apoyan nuestra teoría de que existe una mejoría en todos los ámbitos de este grupo de 7 niños con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 14 años y características similares de un colegio de educación especial.Es un tratamiento pionero en el mundo puesto que toda la literatura que existe o que conocemos hasta día de hoy, trabaja exclusivamente la parte terapéutica y sólo con una o dos especialidades, principalmente fisioterapia y terapia ocupacional, y en patologías muy concretas como la parálisis cerebral
Análisis de la producción científica en Biblioteconomía y Documentación en el periodo 1995-2004 : estudio en los principales programas españoles y brasileños
No full textVolcanic risk management practice evolution between vulnerability and resilience: The case of Arequipa in Peru
No full textThis paper proposes a new way of understanding the debate between vulnerability and resilience. We mobilize on the theoretical level the notion of “paradigm” in the sense of Kuhn and, on the methodological level, Foucault’s notion of “apparatus” to understand volcanic risk management practices. Through an interdisciplinary approach, combining management, geography and Earth sciences, we study the evolution of volcanic risk management practice in Arequipa (Peru) from the 1990s to the present. To do this, we look at the history of volcanic risk management in Arequipa, using a qualitative interview methodology based on six in-depth centered interviews from the main actors of this history, supported by a 2-month ethnography which allowed access to large institutional documentation (reports, studies, archives, maps, pictures...). Management practices in Arequipa appear to be centered on the paradigm of vulnerability since the 1990s. Some operations since 2015 named as resilient emerge but they are still inscribed in the vulnerability paradigm. The results show the relevance of the theoretical and methodological framework chosen for Arequipa but also the possibility of using it in a more general way
Status and Trends of Physical Activity Surveillance, Policy, and Research in 164 Countries: Findings From the Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys
No full textAngelica Enescu, Angélica María Ochoa Avilés, Anna Kontsevaya, Annamaria Somhegyi, Anne Vuillemin, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Asse Amangoua Théodore, Bojan Masanovic, Brigid M. Lynch, Catalina Medina, Cecilia del Campo, Chalchisa Abdeta, Changa Moreways, Chathuranga Ranasinghe, Christina Howitt, Christine Cameron, Danijel Juraki´ c, David Martinez-Gomez, Dawn Tladi, Debrework Tesfaye Diro, Deepti Adlakha, Dušan Miti ´ c, Duško Bjelica, Elżbieta
Biernat, Enock M. Chisati, Estelle Victoria Lambert, Ester Cerin, Eun-Young Lee, Eva-Maria Riso, Felicia Ca˜ nete Villalba, Felix Assah, Franjo Lovri´ c, Gerardo A. Araya-Vargas, Giuseppe La Torre, Gloria Isabel Ni ˜no Cruz, Gul Baltaci, Haleama Al Sabbah, Hanna Nalecz, Hilde Liisa Nashandi, Hyuntae Park, Inés Revuelta-Sánchez, Jackline Jema Nusurupia, Jaime Leppe Zamora, Jaroslava Kopcakova, Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Jean-Michel Oppert, Jinlei Nie, John C. Spence, John Stewart Bradley, Jorge Mota, Josef Mitáš, Junshi Chen, Kamilah S Hylton, Karel Fromel, Karen Milton, Katja Borodulin, Keita Amadou Moustapha, Kevin Martinez-Folgar, Lara Nasreddine, Lars Breum Christiansen, Laurent Malisoux, Leapetswe Malete, Lorelie C. Grepo-Jalao, Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Lyutha K. Al Subhi,
Maja Dakskobler, Majed Alnaji, Margarita Claramunt Garro, Maria Hagströmer, Marie H. Murphy, Matthew Mclaughlin, Mercedes Rivera-Morales, Mickey Scheinowitz, Mimoza Shkodra, Monika Pi˛atkowska, Moushumi Chaudhury, Naif Ziyad Alrashdi, Nanette Mutrie, Niamh Murphy, Norhayati Haji Ahmad, Nour A. Obeidat, Nubia Yaneth Ruiz Go´mez, Nucharapon Liangruenrom, Oscar Díaz Arnesto, Oscar Flores-Flores, Oscar Incarbone, Oyun Chimeddamba, Pascal Bovet, Pedro Magalhães, Pekka Jousilahti, Piyawat Katewongsa, Rafael Alexander Leandro Go´mez, Rawan Awni Shihab, Reginald Ocansey, Réka Veress, Richard Marine, Rolando Carrizales-Ramos, Saad Younis Saeed, Said El-Ashker, Samuel Green, Sandra Kasoma, Santiago Beretervide, Se-Sergio Baldew, Selby Nichols,
Selina Khoo, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Shifalika Goenka, Shima Gholamalishahi, Soewarta Kosen, Sofie Compernolle, Stefan Paul Enescu, Stevo Popovic, Susan Paudel, Susana Andrade, Sylvia Titze, Tamu Davidson, Theogene Dusingizimana, Thomas E. Dorner, Tracy L. Kolbe-Alexander, Tran Thanh Huong, Vanphanom Sychareun, Vera Jarevska-Simovska, Viliami Kulikefu Puloka, Vincent Onywera, Wanda Wendel-Vos, Yannis Dionyssiotis, and Michael Pratt.Background: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PApromotion. TheaimofthispaperwastoassessthestatusandtrendsinPAsurveillance,policy,
and research in 164 countries. Methods: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. Results: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improvingor staying atthe samelevel.PAsurveillance, policy, and research improved or remainedatahigh level in48.1%,40.6%, and 42.1%ofthecountries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% ofthe countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world’s population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PApolicy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world’s population live in countries where PApromotioncapacity shouldbesignificantlyimproved.Conclusion: Despite PAis essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.Versión aceptad
O trabalho do nutricionista e a gestão dos cuidados nutricionais: um estudo antropotecnológico em unidades de alimentação e nutrição
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.O estudo teve como proposta analisar comparativamente, com o suporte da ergonomia e da antropotecnologia, o trabalho do dietista/nutricionista e a gestão dos cuidados nutricionais em unidades de alimentação e nutrição hospitalares, no Brasil e na França. Teve-se, como finalidade, a formulação de parâmetros para subsidiar a adaptação tecnológica relacionada à gestão dos cuidados nutricionais, para a realidade brasileira
(Partial) privatization social security: the Chilean model - a lesson to follow?
No full textThis paper examines thoroughly the Chilean Pension Reform, giving first an overview of the mandatory saving plan, the relevant institutions, and the rules for transition from the old to the new system. The main part of the paper contains a critical evaluation of the reform, in particular the macroeconomic performance with respect to capital formation and growth, and the effects on the savings rate as well as on the rates of return and labor market are discussed. Furthermore, the development of capital markets is reviewed. A short critique is presented with respect to intergenerational distribution and risk sharing as well as with respect to the social consequences. This paper is the result of a CFS sponsored research project. A preliminary version was presented at the meeting of the committee of Social Policy of the Verein fuer Socialpolitik, May 1999 and at the 55th Congress of IIPF, 23-26 August 1999, in Moskow
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