42 research outputs found
Keberhasilan Reproduksi dan Sistem Perkawinan Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn.) : Aksesi Lampung, Banten, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Tengah
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari tingkat keberhasilan reproduksi dan sistem perkawinan empat aksesi tanaman jarak pagar yaitu aksesi Lampung, Banten, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar Pakuwon, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat pada bulan April – Juli 2007. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan yaitu keberhasilan reproduksi dan sistem perkawinan. Percobaan keberhasilan reproduksi menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor yaitu faktor aksesi yang terdiri atas aksesi Lampung, Banten, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Tengah. Pada percobaan sistem perkawinan, persentase pembentukan buah hasil penyerbukan buatan dianalisis dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak satu faktor yaitu tipe penyerbukan yang terdiri atas penyerbukan dalam satu malai, dalam satu tanaman, dalam satu aksesi, dan antar aksesi, sedangkan viabilitas dan vigor benih hasil penyerbukan buatan dianalisis menggunakan rancangan split-plot dua faktor yaitu faktor aksesi sebagai petak utama dan faktor tipe penyerbukan sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor aksesi berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat keberhasilan reproduksi dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 0.73 pada aksesi Jawa Tengah, atau 73% dari potensi reproduksinya, dan terendah sebesar 0.53 pada aksesi Banten. Potensi reproduksi dipengaruhi oleh bunga dan ovul per tanaman sehingga dapat ditingkatkan melalui perbaikan sifat tanaman menggunakan tehnik pemuliaan. Keberhasilan reproduksi ditentukan oleh jumlah buah dan biji sehingga diduga dapat ditingkatkan melalui perbaikan teknik budidaya seperti pemupukan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, serta peningkatan efisiensi penyerbukan. Faktor tipe penyerbukan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase pembentukan buah dan benih. Rataan persentase pembentukan buah sebesar 68% sedangkan pembentukan biji sebesar 50%. Penghitungan indeks inkompatibilitas menghasilkan nilai sebesar 0.98 yang menunjukkan bahwa polen dan pistil hanya bersifat inkompatibel sebagian. Interaksi antara aksesi dengan tipe penyerbukan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih. Viabilitas dan vigor benih tertinggi pada aksesi Banten dan terendah pada aksesi Jawa Tengah. Untuk produksi benih pada aksesi Lampung, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Tengah persilangan dalam satu aksesi akan lebih menguntungkan sedangkan pada aksesi Banten persilangan antar aksesi akan lebih menguntungkan
Uji Kekerabatan Aksesi Cengkeh di Kebun Percobaan Sukapura
No full text<p>Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merril &amp;amp; Perry) is One of the Oldest Spices in the World. Clove is an evergreen tree with unopened flower bud. It is indigenous to Moluccas Island of Indonesia. Clove are mainly used as an ingredient of a variety of food specialties, beverages, medicines, and cigarettes industry. It is important to have germplasm collection in plant breeding program. Twenty eight accessions have been planted at Sukapura Experimental Garden, Probolinggo, East Java. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic relationship among 28 clove accessions. The observations were made on fifteen morphological characters and six yield component characters. Eleven morphological characters and one yield component character had wide genetic variability. By applying cluster analysis, a dendogram was constructed to differentiate morphological differences among the accessions. The dendogram showed that the grouping of the accessions at different hierarchical levels, based upon the variation was observed. Results showed that the accession of clove could be classified into four groups. The first group only consisted of Zanzibar 5, the second group consisted of Zanzibar 13 and Siputih 5, the third group only consisted of Zanzibar 8, and 24 accessions belong to the fourth groups.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merril &amp;amp; Perry) merupakan tanaman rempah tertua di dunia yang berasal dari kepulauan Maluku. Bunga kering cengkeh sering digunakan sebagai bahan untuk bumbu, obat-obatan, kosmetik, dan industri rokok. Koleksi plasma nutfah merupakan hal yang penting dalam suatu program pemuliaan tanaman. Dua puluh delapan aksesi cengkeh ditanam di Kebun Percobaan Sukapura, Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan di antara 28 aksesi cengkeh. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 15 karakter morfologi dan 6 karakter komponen hasil. Sebelas karakter morfologi dan satu karakter komponen hasil memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas. Dengan menggunakan analisis kluster ditentukan pengelompokan berdasarkan perbedaan sifat morfologi di antara 28 aksesi tanaman cengkeh. Gerombol I, yaitu Zanzibar 5, Gerombol II terdiri atas Zanzibar 13 dan Siputih 5, Gerombol III, yaitu Zanzibar 8, dan Gerombol IV terdiri atas 24 aksesi lainnya.</p></jats:p
Correlation Between Altitude, Soil Chemical Properties, and Physical Quality of Arabica Coffee Beans in Highland Areas of Garut
Get PDFAltitude defines the climatic elements which in turn affect the soil chemical properties. Growth, productivity, qualities, and coffee flavor determines by a number of factors, one of which is the chemical properties in the soil. The research aimed to analyze the correlation between altitude, soil chemical properties, and physical quality of Arabica coffee beans in highland areas of Garut. The research was carried out in Garut Regency, West Java, from April to Agustus 2014. The research used survey method with purposive random sampling from selected locations. Parameters observed were soil chemical properties, percentage of normal beans and the beans weight at the altitude of 1.000–1.600 m asl. The data were then analyzed using correlation method. The result showed a significant correlation between altitude with soil chemical properties and Arabica coffee beans physical quality in Garut highlands. The higher the altitude, the higher level of soil chemical properties, such as pH, C-organic, N-total, Na, and KTK, in contrary with total P2O5. Higher altitude and chemical properties inline with higher percentage of normal beans and the weight of 100 Arabica coffee beans
Evaluasi Tingkat Serangan Penggerek Buah Kopi Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pada Kultivar Kopi Arabika AGK-1
No full text<em>The yellow Arabica coffee (AGK-1) is a superior local cultivar that has been widely developed in the Garut regency and several other districts in West Java. The advantages of this cultivar are high productivity, large berry size, and specialty flavor quality. One of the obstacles in its development is the coffee berry borer (CBB attack), caused by </em>Hypothenemus hampei<em>, which is the main pest of coffee plants worldwide. The objective of the study was to evaluate the percentage of infestation in Arabica coffee cultivars of AGK-1 both in laboratory and on field studies. The research was conducted from March to August 2016. The observation of CBB infestation level in the field was carried out in Ciawer and Legok Gede Village, </em>Cikajang<em> District, Garut Regency, West Java, taken on 4 years old plants (1,450 m asl), 6 years (1,300 m asl), 9 years (1,350 m asl), and 11 years (1,300 m asl). Infestation testing of CBB was conducted in laboratory of Plant Protection of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, using the method of choice and non choice test. The result showed that the percentage of </em>H. hampei<em> infestation on AGK-1 yellow Arabica coffee cultivar on field at all age and altitudes was low (3.24%–6.76%). Whereas laboratory testing showed that infestation level of CBB on yellow Arabica coffee cultivar AGK-1 as the highest, both from the choice and non choice test (51.25% and 17.5% respectively). On the other hand, the berry damage was low and not significantly different from other cultivars/varieties (19.37% and 6.25% respectively).</em></jats:p
Variasi Genetik dalam Populasi Kultivar Kopi Arabika Berbuah Kuning di Lahan Petani Berdasarkan Penanda SSRs
No full text<p><em>Identification of the genetic diversity within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on morphological characters faced an obstacle in finding identical environmental conditions at farmers field. Therefore, an approach which is not influenced by differences in environmental conditions is required, for instance based on DNA polymorphism. The research aimed to analyze genetic variation within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on SSRs markers. The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from April until June 2015. The leaf samples for DNA extraction were obtained from yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar (AGK-1) and two red-berried cultivars as controls, namely ABP-1 (dwarf type) and Typica (tall type). AGK-1 and ABP-1 cultivars consisted of 17 and 5 individual numbers, respectively, whereas Typica cultivar comprised three individuals. PCR amplification was carried out using 12 SSR primers. Four primers (M24, SSRCa052, M32, and M42) produced polymorphic band. The binary data obtained in this research was subsequently processed using NTSYS-PC program version 2.1. The genotypes were grouped based on a genetic similarity matrix using the unweighted pair group method arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The result showed the existence of genetic variation among individual of AGK-1 cultivars, which forming three clusters at the genetic similarity value of 67%. One cluster exhibited close genetic relationships between some individuals within the population of AGK-1 cultivar and Typica cultivar. Meanwhile, the other two clusters showed high genetic similarity between AGK-1 cultivar and ABP-1 cultivar. The result demonstrated the possibility of gene flow between genotypes or residual heterozygosity within the population of AGK-1 cultivar at farmers field, which required a further study.</em><em></em></p></jats:p
Genetic Variation Within Population of Yellow-Berried Arabica Coffee Cultivars at Farmers Field Based on SSRs Markers
Get PDFIdentification of the genetic diversity within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on morphological characters faced an obstacle in finding identical environmental conditions at farmers field. Therefore, an approach which is not influenced by differences in environmental conditions is required, for instance based on DNA polymorphism. The research aimed to analyze genetic variation within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on SSRs markers. The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from April until June 2015. The leaf samples for DNA extraction were obtained from yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar (AGK-1) and two red-berried cultivars as controls, namely ABP-1 (dwarf type) and Typica (tall type). AGK-1 and ABP-1 cultivars consisted of 17 and 5 individual numbers, respectively, whereas Typica cultivar comprised three individuals. PCR amplification was carried out using 12 SSR primers. Four primers (M24, SSRCa052, M32, and M42) produced polymorphic band. The binary data obtained in this research was subsequently processed using NTSYS-PC program version 2.1. The genotypes were grouped based on a genetic similarity matrix using the unweighted pair group method arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The result showed the existence of genetic variation among individual of AGK-1 cultivars, which forming three clusters at the genetic similarity value of 67%. One cluster exhibited close genetic relationships between some individuals within the population of AGK-1 cultivar and Typica cultivar. Meanwhile, the other two clusters showed high genetic similarity between AGK-1 cultivar and ABP-1 cultivar. The result demonstrated the possibility of gene flow between genotypes or residual heterozygosity within the population of AGK-1 cultivar at farmers field, which required a further study
Evaluasi Tingkat Serangan Penggerek Buah Kopi Hypothenemus Hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pada Kultivar Kopi Arabika AGK-1
Get PDFKopi Arabika berbuah kuning (AGK-1) merupakan kultivar unggul lokal yang telah dikembangkan secara luas di wilayah Kabupaten Garut dan beberapa kabupaten lainnya di Jawa Barat. Keunggulan kultivar ini adalah produktivitas tinggi, ukuran biji besar, dan mutu citarasa spesialti. Salah satu kendala dalam budi daya tanaman kopi adalah serangan kumbang penggerek buah kopi (PBKo) Hypothenemus hampei, yang merupakan hama penting tanaman kopi di seluruh dunia. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi tingkat serangan hama PBKo pada kultivar AGK-1 di lapangan dan laboratorium. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2016. Pengamatan tingkat serangan PBKo di lapangan dilakukan di blok Ciawer dan Legok Gede, Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat pada tanaman berumur 4 tahun (1.450 m dpl), 6 tahun (1.300 m dpl), 9 tahun (1.350 m dpl), dan 11 tahun (1.300 m dpl). Pengujian tingkat serangan PBKo terhadap buah kopi AGK-1 dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, menggunakan metode pilihan dan tanpa pilihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase serangan H. hampei pada kultivar AGK-1 di lapangan pada semua umur tanaman dan elevasi sangat rendah (3,24%–6,76%). Hasil pengujian di laboratorium menunjukkan persentase serangan PBKo pada kultivar AGK-1 cukup tinggi, baik menggunakan metode tanpa pilihan maupun pilihan, yaitu masing-masing 51,25% dan 17,5%. Akan tetapi, tingkat kerusakan biji yang ditimbulkan tergolong rendah dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan kultivar/varietas lainnya, yaitu 19,37% dan 6,25%
Ekspresi Fenotipik Klon Kopi Robusta “Sidodadi” pada Tiga Ketinggian Tempat
No full text<em>Coffee "Sidodadi" is the Robusta coffee clone, selected by farmers, widely developed in the Bengkulu region. The clones are distributed at different altitudes, i.e. 600, 900, and 1,200 m asl and presumably have different phenotyphic expression due to different growth environment. This study aimed to determine the influence of altitudes on the phenotypic expression of coffee "Sidodadi". The study was conducted at (1) 600 m asl (Sukarami subdistrict, Bermani Ulu district, Curup Regency), (2) 900 m asl (Airsempiang subdistrict, Kabawetan district, Kapahiang Regency), and (3) 1,200 m asl (Airles subdistrict, Muara Kemumuh District, Kapahiang Regency), from January 2014 to October 2015 with a survey method. A total of 5 trees were randomly assigned to each experimental unit and each was repeated 5 times. Phenotypic characters observed including vegetative morphology and yield components (data obtained using the difference test of two average t-Students on the 5% level), caffeine content, and cupping-test score. The sample of coffee beans used was 500 g with a water content of 10%–10.9% taken at three different altitudes. The results showed a significant effect of altitude on vegetative growth and yield components of "Sidodadi" Robusta coffee. Altitude of 1.200 m asl produces vegetative, generative, and higher-yielding coffee yields, but with lower caffeine content than those grown at 600 and 900 m asl. Meanwhile, the best flavor quality with a score of 85.25 is indicated by "Sidodadi" Robusta coffee grown at an altitude of 900 m asl which delivered high body, long aftertaste, dark chocolate aroma, and caramelly flavor.</em></jats:p
The Role of the Consistency Principle in Recognition of Income Method on the Income Statement at PT. Indo Zinc Diecasting in Gresik
Get PDFPurpose: to determine the role of the principle of consistency in the method of revenue recognition on the income statement.
Design/methodology/approach: This research approach uses a descriptive method, which describes the actual situation that occurs in the company for analysis using the applicable theory. While in this study the method used by the author is to use a qualitative method
Findings: This result affects the net profit obtained by the company because of the unrecorded income and expenses. From the evidence above, it can be seen that with the method of recognizing revenues and expenses at the time of sale and adjustments to revenues and expenses that have not been recognized, they can be presented fairly in the financial statements.
Practical implications: intensify the recognition of revenues and expenses at the time of sale and adjustments for unrecognized revenues and expenses
Originality/values: This paper is original
Paper types: research sens
