43 research outputs found
Yanwar Pribadi (2018), Islam, state and society in Indonesia; Local politics in Madura
Get PDFYanwar Pribadi, Islam, state and society in Indonesia; Local politics in Madura. New York: Routledge, 2018, 222 pp. ISBN 9781315473697. Price: GBP 33.29 (softcover).</p
Era Niaga di Nusantara pada Masa Kerajaan Islam +1500-1700 M
No full textAktivitas perdagangan di Nusantara pada abad ke-16 dan 17 telah berkembang menjadi perdagangan Internasional. Penelitian dengan metode sejarah terhadap beberapa sumber memberikan penjelasan bahwa sistem emprium telah menimbulkan kapitalisme Asia yang peranannya tidak kalah penting dibandingkan kapitalisme Eropa. Namun, dalam perkembangannya kapitalisme Asia kurang mendapat dukungan dari sistem politik di Asia. Sistem politik di Asia ketika itu tidak memberi jaminan bagi keselamatan dan hak milik pribadi. Faktor lainnya yang tidak kalah merugikan pada dunia perdagangan swasta ini adalah tidak adanya hak individual yang jelas, serta perlindungan hukum, dari pihak kerajaan. Zaman keemasan kerajaan-kerajaan lslam Nusantara di bidang perdagangan semakin berkurang, terutama setelah munculnya kekuatan dagang dari Eropa
STRONGMEN AND RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN JAVA: Their Dynamic Relationship in Search of Power
Get PDFThe central purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamic relationship between Javanese strongmen and religious leaders in search of power. Two groups of strongmen -jago in Central and East Java and jawara in Banten- and religious leaders, such as kyai, tarekat teachers and guru ngaji are the subjects of this discussion. I present two groups of strongmen and religious leaders and sketch how both groups, through their socio-political as well as religious roles, preserve the values of the Javanese and Bantenese. Religious leaders and strongmen have been the source of informal traditional leadership, particularly in villages. Religious leaders have represented leadership in knowledge, while strongmen have represented leadership with regard to braveness and physical magical power. The most visible roles of the strongmen are as power brokers. In the meantime, religious leaders have to be aware of the risk of being alienated and isolated from their horizontal networks within religious circles, but also more importantly, that their high position in society will gradually fade away if they place themselves too close to strongmen and the authorities. Keywords: Jago, jawara, kyai, power relation
Identity Contested: Cultural Resilience in the Midst of Islamization of Politics
Get PDFLocal-level leaders in contemporary Indonesia have involved in the country’s turbulent politics. The regent of Purwakarta (2008-2018), Dedi Mulyadi, employed, for the most part, culture-based political preferences develop his territory. In doing so, he frequently encountered with various forms of Islamization of politics, hindering his strategies to reach his individual goals, to display his socio-political identity, and to socio-culturally empower cultural resilience. The regent appeared to challenge rampant Islamization of politics by “waging the war” against Islamist groups in the name of Sundanese indigenous culture. This paper seeks to explore recent developments of the relationships between Islam and local culture in Indonesia with the case study of Purwakarta in particular and West Java in general, and how a local-level leader was able to optimize his potentials to empower cultural resilience in the midst of Islamization of politics. This paper also investigates the complex landscape of these relationships in an effort to map out the various forces at play and shows that by investigating the interplay between religion, culture, and other entities, a key driver local level played pivotal roles in his ways of defining ethnic identity, creating authority, and empowering cultural resilience. [Terdapat beberapa pemimpin daerah terlibat dinamika politik nasional dewasa ini. Dedi Mulyadi, Bupati Purwakarta periode 2008-2018, termasuk salah satu tokoh yang membangun daerah dengan berbasis pada budaya lokal. Bersamaan dengan itu, ia sering berhadapan dengan sejumlah gerakan Islam politik dalam menghambat tujuan pertahanan identitas sosio-politik dan memberdayakan ketahanan bentuk budaya lokal. Sang bupati tampil dengan identitas budaya lokal Sunda dalam rangka menghadapi tantangan Islamisasi politik dari kelompok-kelompok Islamis yang ‘mengobarkan perang’ kemana mana. Tulisan ini membahas perkembangan terkini hubungan antara Islam dan budaya lokal di Indonesia dengan studi kasus Purwakarta dan Jawa Barat. Kinerja pemimpin daerah ini mampu mempertahankan budaya lokal di tengah arus Islamisasi politik. Tulisan ini menginvestigasi kompleksitas konteks hubungan-hubungan tersebut dalam usaha pemetakan kekuatan yang bermain pada investigasi tumpang tindih antara agama, budaya, dan entitas-entitas lain. Hal ini berkenaan dengan tokoh penggerak tingkat lokal memainkan peran penting dalam makna identitas etnis, penciptaan otoritas, dan ketahanan budaya lokal.
RELIGIOUS NETWORKS IN MADURA Pesantren, Nahdlatul Ulama and Kiai as the Core of Santri Culture
Get PDFThis paper addresses three institutions in Madurese santri culture: the pesantren (Islamic traditional education system), the Nahdlatul Ulama, and the kiai (tradisional Islamic authority). These three elements have characterised and become central part of both Islam and politics in Madura. The issues are raised in this paper: the nature of pesantren, the role of Nahdlatul Ulama, and kiais within the whole tradition of santri Islam in Madura. How does each of these elements form relationships with the others? These questions lead to answer the main question: Is Islam in Madura different from Islam in other places in Indonesia? Today, it seems clear that despite their rather changed perceptions of modern education, Islamic associations, and men of religion, Madurese people continue to preserve their sacred values, as the main three elements of the santri culture in Madura which have had a great influence on society, in both religious and worldly domains. The people share the view that Islamic law (shari’a) is fundamental to daily life and thus must be integrated in all aspects of life. However, like Islam in other places in Indonesia, the characteristic of Islam in Madura emphasises primarily, but not exclusively, on aspects such as mysticism and local cultures. [Artikel ini menjelaskan tiga elemen penting budaya santri yang melekat pada masyarakat Madura, yaitu pesantren, mewakili elemen pendidikan Islam tradisional, Nahdlatul Ulama, mewakili organisasi Islam, dan kiai, merepresentasikan tokoh Islam. Ketiga elemen tersebut berjalin-kelindan dan membentuk relasi yang kompleks antara Islam dan politik sebagaimana dipraktikkan dalam masyarakat Madura. Dua persoalan penting yang hendak dijawab melalui artikel ini yaitu bagaimana karakter pesantren, Nahdlatul Ulama, dan kiai yang menjadi dasar Islam-santri di Madura dan bagaimana ketiga elemen tersebut saling terkait satu sama lain. Persoalan ini kemudian mengantarkan pada pertanyaan penting lainnya, yakni apakah Islam di Madura memiliki karakteristik dan bentuk yang berbeda dengan Islam yang hidup di wilayah lain di Indonesia? Sampai sekarang, meski masyarakat Madura mengalami pergeseran dalam menilai pendidikan modern, organisasi Islam, dan ulama, mereka masih tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai sakral agama. Ini bisa dibuktikan dengan kuatnya pengaruh pesantren, Nahdlatul Ulama, dan kiai dalam urusan agama dan duniawi. Masyarakat Madura meyakini bahwa syariat Islam sangat penting dan perlu diterapkan dalam keseluruhan aspek kehidupan mereka. Namun, seperti Islam di wilayah lain di Indonesia, Islam di Madura juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh tasawuf dan budaya lokal.] Keywords: Madura, Santri, Kiai, Pesantren</p
Dinamika Hubungan Sosial-Keagamaan pada Masyarakat Nelayan di Karangantu Banten
No full textThis paper explores the dynamics of socio-religious interactions among the inter-ethnic fishermen community in the former seaport of the Sultanate of Banten, i.e. in the Karangantu Port, Serang, Banten. The study focuses on the socio-religious interactions between migrants and local residents, and among the migrants themselves. This paper more broadly investigates the government’s policies on marine and fisheries sectors since 2000. Main issues discussed are the background of the history of Banten as the center of maritime power; the arrival and interaction between foreign and Nusantara traders and fishermen and local people; decentralization policies; patterns and forms of the inter-ethnic interactions; and the influence of decentral-ization policies towards the development of Banten’s maritime world. This paper uses ethnographical and historical approaches. The author argues that the inter-ethnic interactions in the Banten north coast area are socio-economic-cultural interactions that have long been intertwined and can be regarded as ideal multiculturalism interactions on the one hand. However, the policies of the central and regional government in marine and fisheries sectors have not generated the right solution to improve and empower Banten’s fishermen community, as it did occur in the 16th and 17th centuries
MANFAAT HASIL BELAJAR MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA KELUARGA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PRIBADI MAHASISWA
Get PDFPenelitian mengenai Manfaat Hasil Belajar Manajemen Sumber Daya Keluarga yang dapat mendorong peserta didik dalam pengelolaan keuanganya sehari - hari. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data mengenai Manfaat Hasil Belajar Manajemen Sumber Daya Keluarga dalam pengelolaan keuangan pribadi Mahasiswa dan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai Manfaat Hasil Belajar Manajemen Sumber Daya Keluarga dalam pengelolaan keuangan pribadi Mahasiswa, meliputi kemampuan kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan angket sebagai alat pengumpul data. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan sampel purposive sebanyak 42 orang responden. Hasil penelitian berkaitan dengan kemampuan kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor berada pada criteria cukup bbermanfaat. Rekomendasi ditunjukan kepada Mahasiswa dan dosen agar dapat mempertahankan dan mengembangkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan yang berkaitan dengan Manajemen Sumber Daya Keluarga.
ANOTHER SIDE OF ISLAM IN BANTEN: The Socio-Political Roles of Jawara during the New Order Era 1966-1998
Get PDFThis paper deals with the socio-political roles of jawara in Banten as both traditional and modern leaders during the New Order period 1966-1998. This paper shows that Banten is not only an area of piety, but also an area of tradition and violence in different forms. In the colonial period, jawara mounted resistance—along with ulama—aimed at overthrowing not only existing political regimes but also the socio-cultural order as it then existed. During the New Order, this development was altered with the cooptation of both ulama and jawara by Golkar. By envolving to the state and adjusting to the new atmosphere of the political situation, jawara and ulama created new positions where they gradually expanded their power, status and wealth. Throughout the Suharto’s power, they demonstrated the patron-client relationships with the government
Partisipasi Aktif Intelektual Muda Muslim Dalam Membangun Masyarakat
Get PDFPartisipasi Aktif Intelektual Muda Muslim dalam Membangun Masyaraka
