113,043 research outputs found
Dalla città «etrusca» ai Sanniti. Le dinamiche della trasformazione a Pontecagnano tra V e IV secolo a.C.
No full textDuring the 5th century BC, the center of Pontecagnano faced radical changes, after an overall reorganization at the end of the 6th century, when the city walls were built and a new town planning was realized, with regular blocks delimited per strigas et per scamnas (same the countryside was regularly divided). Until this period, the community of Pontecagnano reveals a prevalent «Etruscan» identity (as shown by the epigraphic record). From the middle of the 5th century, the archaeological evidence indicates a crisis of this system, as the building activity decreased, and some funerary areas were abandoned. Starting from this period until the 4th century, the Pontecagnano’s necropolises were progressively occupied by graves characterized
by an «Italic» burial habits. Size and origin of these groups were diversified. The arrival of large groups from the Sangro area can be dated during the middle/third quarter of the 5th century BC. The burial plots have a regular planning, mostly rectangular and oriented along the ancient road course: they limited dozens of tombs, with a reduced number (or without) of grave goods. Some men exhibit the spear and the bronze belt. Women often wear a characteristic brooch, as the so-called «airplane fibula», similar to the types found in the Sangro area (Alfedena; AQ) but also in the necropolises of Gildone (CB)
and Benevento.
In the following decades the arrivals of «foreign» individuals and groups increase. They can be recognized by the funerary customs: the fossa grave, typical for the previous periods, is often replaced by chest made and covered by stone slabs; the male burials are characterized by the possession of weapons (especially spear and bronze belt, rarely by bronze cuirass and greave) and catalyze the internal organization of the new funerary groups. This first phase of «samnitization» of Pontecagnano (the second and even clearer is dated during the 4th century) is determined by the movement of groups from the inner area of central Italy, but also from the italic groups of Neapolis (as suggested by the onomastics in Greek inscriptions). It does not completely upset the previous organization of the town and its community, as demonstrated by the continuity of Etruscan elements in the written record and also in the use of the urban sanctuaries and necropolises. The urban planning of Pontecagnano was preserved as well during this period, although sometimes the reconstruction of houses and variation of the blocks dimensions suggests changes in the ownership
Introduction to the Special Issue: The AgentLink III Technical Forums
No full textThis article introduces the special issue of ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems devoted to research papers arising from the three Technical Forum Group meetings held in 2004 and 2005 that were organized and sponsored by the European FP6 Coordination Action AgentLink III
Emerging Increase in the prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: epidemiological study from general Mediterranean population
No full textBackground and Aims: The worldwide spread of obesity and
diabetes is leading to a drastic increase in nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease (NAFLD) and its complications.We aimed to assess prevalence
of NAFLD and of its severity among a general Mediterranean
population.
Methods:We considered 886 consecutive individuals included in the
ABCD study (ISRCTN15840340). Hepatic ultrasound (US) was used to
diagnose steatosis and FibroScan (M and XL probe) to measure
liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Liver
stiffness >6.9 KPa was considered suggestive of significant liver
fibrosis (Petta S et al., Hepatology 2015), and CAP ≥ 310 dB was
considered suggestive of moderate-severe steatosis (de Ledinghen V
et al., JHEP 2014).
Results: Steatosis by USwas diagnosed in 396 individuals (44.6%) and
was significantly associated with male gender, type 2 diabetes, low
HDL (<40 mg/mL in males and <50 mg/mL in females), and visceral
obesity. When splitting the analysis according to gender, steatosis
was independently linked to visceral obesity (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.62–
4.27, p < 0.001) and low HDL (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.10–3.85, p = 0.02) in
males, and to visceral obesity (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.80–4.19, p < 0.001)
and type 2 diabetes (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.00–4.87, p = 0.05) in females.
The rate of US steatosis, stiffness >6.9 kPa and CAP ≥310 progressively
increased from males without obesity and low HDL (35.1% steatosis;
among theme 18.6% CAP ≥310, and 13.5% stiffness >6.9), to those with
one risk factor (from 57.7% to 62.1% steatosis; among them 42.8% CAP
≥310, and from 21.4% to 23.2% stiffness >6.9), and further to those
with both risk factors (74.2% steatosis; among them 35% CAP ≥310,
and 30% stiffness >6.9). Similarly, in females the rate of US steatosis,
stiffness >6.9 kPa and CAP ≥310 progressively increased from patients
without obesity and diabetes (23.7% steatosis; among them 6.1% CAP
≥310, and 6.1% stiffness >6.9), to those with only one risk factor (from
33.3% to 50.8% steatosis; among them CAP ≥310 from 30.5% to 54.5%,
and stiffness >6.9 from 11.1% to 27.2%), and further to those with both
risk factors (74.2% steatosis; among them 47.1% CAP ≥ 310, and 26.4%
stiffness >6.9).
Conclusions: NAFLD is present in more than 40% of general
population and its prevalence, as well as the prevalence of live
PKM HAND LINE “KINDAENG” DI KAMPUNG PETTA SELATAN KECAMATAN TABUKAN UTARA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
No full textKampung Petta Selatan yang juga dikenal dengan nama lain kampung Embuhanga terletak di wilayah pesisir yang memiliki penduduk dengan mata pencarian sebagai Pettani dan nelayan. Masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan, umumnya hanya mengenal teknik penangkapan ikan dengan penggunakan pancing yang disebut dengan “Paranto”, dimana konstruksinya hanya menggunakan bahan seadanya yang disediakan alam dan pancing ”Kindaeng” yang lebih modern dibandingkan “Palanto”. PKM Hand Line “Kindaeng” di Kampung Petta Selatan, dilakukan dengan mengadakan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem terumbu karang dalam pengoperasian alat tangkap, sehingga operasi penengkapan ikan di Kampung Petta Selatan menjadi penengkapan ikan yang mengarah pada perikanan tangkap bertanggungjawab dan berkelanjutan, serta membuat dan memberikan bahan untuk 10 unit alat tangkap Hand line “Kindaeng”. Melalui kegiatan ini nelayan penangkap ikan dapat melakukan penangkapan ikan secara benar dan tidak berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungannya khususnya terhadap kondisi terumbu karang disekitarnya, dengan demikian usaha ini dapat menjadi sumber meningkatkan taraf hidup demi kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Serum γ-glutamyl transferase levels, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases.
No full textBackground and Aims: Serum levels of γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase(γ-GT) were associated with liver disease severity and metabolic alterations, which in turn are able to affect hepatic damage. In patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1CHC) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB), we assessed the link between liver fibrosis and γ-GT serum levels, and we evaluated if normal or high γ-GT serum levels affect the association between insulin resistance (IR) and severity of liver fibrosis. Methods: 843 consecutive patients with chronic liver disease (CLD)(193 NAFLD, 481 G1CHC, 169 CHB) were evaluated by liver biopsy (Kleiner and Scheuer scores) and clinical and metabolic measurements. IR was diagnosed if HOMA>3. A serum γ-GT concentration of >36 IU/L in females and >61 IU/L in males was considered the threshold value for identifying high levels of γ-GT. Results: By multivariate logistic regression analysis, abnormal γ-GT serum levels were independently linked to severe liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD (OR2.711,CI1.120-6.564,p = 0.02), G1CHC (OR3.461,CI2.138-5.603,p<0.001) and CHB (OR2.778,CI1.042-7.414,p = 0.04), together with IR and liver necroinflammation, and with a negative predictive value>80%. Interestingly, among patients with high or normal γ-GT values, even if IR prevalence was significantly higher in patients with severe fibrosis compared to those without, IR remained significantly associated with severe fibrosis in patients with abnormal γ-GT values only (OR4.150,CI1.079-15.970,p = 0.03 for NAFLD; OR2.250,CI1.211-4.181,p = 0.01 for G1CHC; OR3.096,CI2.050-34.220,p = 0.01 for CHB). Conclusions: In patients with CLD, IR is independently linked to liver fibrosis only in patients with abnormal γ-GT values, without differences according to liver disease etiology, and suggesting a role of γ-GT as a marker of metabolic-induced liver damage. These data could be useful for the clinical and pharmacologic management of patients with CLD. © 2012 Petta et al
Fragments of truth: T-cell targets of polyclonal immunoglobulins in autoimmune diseases
No full textThe expanding therapeutic use of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in autoimmune diseases has raised important practical and conceptual issues over the last few years. These have prompted a number of research efforts aimed at characterizing aspects of the mechanism of action of current IVIg preparations, which might lead to the development of standardized, more cost-effective agents. Although polyclonal IgG in these preparations are mostly thought to act via direct interference with disease-specific, pathogenic autoantibodies, evidence from clinical and experimental work points to the involvement of crucial checkpoints upstream of self-reactive B-cell activation and autoantibody production. Reviewed herein are the results of the most recent studies documenting the crucial role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the immunomodulatory activity of IVIg, and the molecular mechanisms mediating the effect of specific IgG fragments and glycoforms on Treg activity and the ensuing downregulation of T-cell effector responses of different sign and magnitude. Further progress in this area of translational research may lead to the development of innovative strategies aimed at restoring tolerance in autoimmune diseases. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
EFEKTIFITAS PENYULUHAN TENTANG PENYAKIT DIARE TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN SISWA DI SD NEGERI PETTA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
No full textDiare merupakan penyakit yang berbasis lingkungan dan terjadi hampir di seluruh daerah geografis di dunia. Pada negara berkembang, anak-anak diusia bawah 3 tahun rata-rata mengalami 3 episode diare pertahun. Setiap episodenya, diare akan menyebabkan kehilangan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan anak untuk tumbuh, sehingga diare merupakan penyebab utama malnutrisi pada anak dan menjadi penyebab kematian kedua anak berusia dibawah 5 tahun. Dalam jumlah khasus penderita diare di Kabupaten sangihe, dari jumlah tersebut, di Puskesmas Enemawira yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten sangihe terdapat 152 kasus yang terlaporkan menderita diare, dari total kasus yang berada di Puskesmas Enemawira terdapat 21 kasus yang terjadi. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk Mengetahui pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang penyakit diare di SD Negeri Petta Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pretest dan posttest dengan desain quasi eksperimental semu. Populasi kelas V dan VI, Sampel 30 siswa. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Kuesioner yang berisi 10 pertanyaan. Pengukuran univariat bertujuan utnuk melihat karakteristik atau gambaran distribusi frekuensi dan variable yang akan diteliti, baik independen maupun dependen, dan Bivariat memakai Uji T berpasangan (paired sample test), yang bertujuan untuk menguji atau melihat perbandingan keefektivitasan penyuluhan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang penyakit diare sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Pada pre dan post-test SDN Petta dengan rerata 0,200 t-hitung 1.989 p-value= 0.056 dan pada nilai pre dan post-test SDN 01 Tahuna rerata 0,167 t-hitung 518 p-value= 0,609 (p<0,01). Sehingga ada peningkatan signitifkan yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yang berarti penyuluhan di SDN petta meningkat dibandingkan dengan SDN 01 Tahuna yang tidak penyuluhan. Kesimpulan tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang penyakit diare yang dilakukan di SD Negeri Petta pada hasil sebelum penyuluhan sangat kurang dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan kesehatan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan atau dengan kata lain pengetahuan menjadi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di SD 1 Tahuna, pengetahuan siswa tanpa dilakukan penyuluhan terbilang cukup baik.Kata Kunci : Penyakit Diare, Pengetahuan, Penyuluhan.ABSTRACTDiarrhea is a disease based on environment and occur in almost all geographic regions of the world. In developing countries, children under 3 years of age on average were 3 episodes of diarrhea per year. Each episode, diarrhea will cause loss of nutrients children need to grow, so diarrhea is a major cause of malnutrition in children and to the death of two children under 5 years. In others, such number of diarrhea patients in Sangihe regency, and of these, in Enemawira health center located in the district of Sangihe there were 152 cases of reported suffering from diarrhea, than others, such that total is in Puskesmas Enemawira there were 21 cases. The purpose of this study is to Know the knowledge of students before and after extension of diarrhea in SD Negeri Petta Sangihe Islands Regency. This study uses pretest and posttest thedesign. quasi quasi-experimentalPopulation class V and VI, samples of 30 students. Measuring instrument used is a questionnaire containing 10 questions. Measurement univariate primary objective is to see the characteristics or picture frequency distributions and variables to be studied, whether independent or dependent, and Bivariat wear T test pairs(pairedsampletest),which aims to test or see a comparison of the effectiveness of counseling on the level of students' knowledge of diarrheal disease before and after counseling. in the pre and post-test SDN Petta with a mean of 0.200 t count 1,989 p-value = 0.056 and the value of pre and post-test SDN 01 Tahuna averages 518 0.167 t-test p-value = 0.609 (p <0.01). So there is a significant increase in signitifkan H0 rejected and H1 accepted meaning in SDN extension Petta increased compared with the SDN 01 Tahuna that no extension. Conclusion The level of students' knowledge of diarrheal disease were conducted in primary schools Petta on the outcome before the extension was very lacking and after given health education has increased significantly, or in other words the knowledge to be better than the results of research that has been done in SD 1 Tahuna, knowledge of students without counseling was quite good.Keywords : Diarrhea Desease, Knowledge, Counseling
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