79 research outputs found
Comparison of wet-mount, Wright-Giemsa and Gram-stained urine sediment for predicting bacteriuria in dogs and cats
No full textThis study assessed the standard urinalysis technique and sediment stain techniques as predictors of bacterial culture results for canine and feline urine. Canine (n = 111) and feline (n = 79) urine samples were evaluated using unstained wet-mount and air-dried Gram and Wright-Giemsa stained sediment; results were compared to aerobic bacterial culture. Eleven canine and 7 feline urine samples were culture positive. Unstained wet-mount and stained sediment had sensitivities of 89% and 83% and specificities of 91% and 99%, respectively. The specificity of using either stain was higher (P < 0.01) than wet-mount examination for detecting bacteriuria. There were significant differences among 3 technologists in detecting true positives (P < 0.01). Association of sediment and culture results used 112 canine and 81 feline samples. There was a negative association (P < 0.01) between lipid detection and wet-mount identification of bacteria.;Source type: Electronic(1
New graph-theoretical-multimodal approach using temporal and structural correlations reveal disruption in the thalamo-cortical network in patients with schizophrenia
No full textSchizophrenia has been understood as a network disease with altered functional and structural connectivity in multiple brain networks compatible to the extremely broad spectrum of psychopathological, cognitive and behavioral symptoms in this disorder.
When building brain networks, functional and structural networks are typically modelled independently: functional network models are based on temporal correlations among brain regions, whereas structural network models are based on anatomical characteristics. Combining both features may give rise to more realistic and reliable models of brain networks.
In this study, we applied a new flexible graph-theoretical-multimodal model called FD (F, the functional connectivity matrix, and D, the structural matrix) to construct brain networks combining functional, structural and topological information of MRI measurements (structural and resting state imaging) to patients with schizophrenia (N=35) and matched healthy individuals (N=41). As a reference condition, the traditional pure functional connectivity (pFC) analysis was carried out.
By using the FD model, we found disrupted connectivity in the thalamo-cortical network in schizophrenic patients, whereas the pFC model failed to extract group differences after multiple comparison correction. We interpret this observation as evidence that the FD model is superior to conventional connectivity analysis, by stressing relevant features of the whole brain connectivity including functional, structural and topological signatures. The FD model can be used in future research to model subtle alterations of functional and structural connectivity resulting in pronounced clinical syndromes and major psychiatric disorders. Lastly, FD is not limited to the analysis of resting state fMRI, and can be applied to EEG, MEG etc
Comparison of white and red blood cell estimates in urine sediment with hemocytometer and automated counts in dogs and cats
No full textBackground: Therapeutic decisions regarding urinalysis are commonly based on the presence of white and red blood cells. Traditionally, numbers per high-power field are estimated using wet-mount microscopic examination. This technique is not standardized and counts are likely prone to inaccuracy. In addition, differentiation of leukocyte types is not possible.
Objectives: The aims of this study were to (1) compare WBC and RBC estimates using wet-mount examination with counts obtained using a hemocytometer, (2) assess if a hematology automated analyzer (Sysmex ST-2000iV/XT) provides reliable WBC and RBC counts in urine comparable to hemocytometer counts, and (3) evaluate air-dried Wright-Giemsa-stained urine drop sediment preparations for the determination of differential leukocyte counts.
Methods: WBC and RBC counts were obtained by performing wet-mount estimates, manual hemocytometer counts, and Sysmex automated counts on 219 canine and feline urine samples. Results were correlated using Spearman rank correlation. Air-dried Wright-Giemsa stained sediment drop preparations (n = 215) were examined for differential counts of leukocytes.
Results: A low but significant association was found between WBC estimates on wet-mount examination and hemocytometer counts (rho = 0.37, P < .01). There was a high and significant association when RBC counts were compared between wet-mount and hemocytometer evaluation (rho = 0.7, P < .01). There was very high and significant interassay correlation between Sysmex data from duplicate samples for what the analyzer classified as WBC (rho = 0.97, P < .01) and RBC (rho = 0.94, P < .01). Low correlations were found between the Sysmex RBC counts and both wet-mount estimates and hemocytometer RBC counts (rho = 0.43, P < .01 and rho = 0.39, P < .01, respectively). Cell preservation in the air-dried sediment preparations was so poor that differential counts could not be performed.
Conclusion: WBC and RBC estimates on wet-mount examination agreed with hemocytometer counts and are therefore considered adequate. The Sysmex ST-2000iV/XT did not provide reliable cell counts under the conditions used
An intranuclear microsporidian in lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus
No full textChronic mortalities in lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus reared in a saltwater recirculation system were associated with the presence of an intranuclear microsporidian. Morphological changes were characterized by infiltration of lymphocyte-like cells predominantly in the renal interstitium and also in the spleen, liver, gills, stomach, pyloric caecae, heart, ovary and mesenteric fat. Affected cell nuclei contained 1 to more than 6 spherical to oval eosinophilic bodies which stained poorly with haematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa. Ultrastructurally, spores were ovoid (2.1 x 1.0 micro m) with a polar tube with 11 turns. The morphology of the spores place them in the genus Enterocytozoon. These spores resemble E. salmonis in salmonids, and Microsporidia rhabdophilia in the rodlet cells of salmonids..RE: 12 ref.; SC: ZA; CA; HE; VE; PA; 0YSource type: Electronic(1) http://upei-resolver.asin-risa.ca?sid=SP:CABI&id=pmid:&id=&issn=0177-5103&isbn=&volume=20&issue=1&spage=7&pages=7-13&date=1994&title=Diseases%20of%20Aquatic%20Organisms&atitle=An%20intranuclear%20microsporidian%20in%20lumpfish%20Cyclopterus%20lumpus.&aulast=Mullins&pid=%3Cauthor%3EMullins%2c%20J%20E%3bPowell%2c%20M%3bSpeare%2c%20D%20J%3bCawthorn%2c%20R%3C%2Fauthor%3E%3CAN%3E19950804101%3C%2FAN%3E%3CDT%3EJournal%20article%3C%2FDT%3
I. Investigation of Chromosomal Behavior in Neoplasms; II. Applicability of Giemsa Banding Techniques to Chromosomal Investigations in Neoplasms
No full textAutomating malaria diagnosis: a machine learning approach: Erythrocyte segmentation and parasite identification in thin blood smear microscopy images using convolutional neural networks
No full textReliable malaria diagnosis techniques that are suitable for point-of-care testing in high burden areas, are vital for effective treatment and monitoring of the disease. Identification of malaria parasites in Giemsa stained blood slides is currently the most widely accepted technique, but its availability is limited by the need for highly trained experts to interpret the data.In this work, a two stage automated image classification strategy is proposed, to eliminate this dependency on human expertise. Blood slides that were photographed at 20 X magnification were used in our experiments, allowing for a larger Field of View than regular thin film microscopy at 100 X. Erythrocytes are first localised and segmented by a Convolutional Neural Network, the architecture of which is based on U-Net, with some adaptations and improvements made for our purposes. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of the localisation were both 0.998, resulting in accurate cell counts.A transfer learning strategy, in which the existing VGG-16 network is used as a feature extractor and combined with a new fully connected layer to predict correct activations for our classification, is then used to classify the segmented erythrocytes as either infected with Plasmodium Falciparum parasite or healthy. Sensitivity and specificity of the predicted classification were 0.795 and 0.915 respectively. It is concluded that, although this method may not fully eliminate the need for trained experts, the algorithms proposed can be of great assistance in aiding the diagnostic decision making process.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Peripheral and placental parasitemia during <i>P</i>. <i>chabaudi</i> re-infection at gestational day 18.
No full text(A) Parasite burden in the peripheral and placental blood of mice 8 days after re-infection with heterologous Pcc-CB iRBCs. (B) Frequency of different parasite stages in the peripheral and placental blood of mice 8 days after re-infection with heterologous Pcc-CB iRBCs. (C) Giemsa-stained placental tissue section from a mouse 8 days after re-infection with heterologous Pcc-CB iRBCs. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals.</p
Double Staining Method for Identification of Cyst Walls and Intracystic Bodies of Pneumocystis carinii in Histologic Sections
No full textThe acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by opportunistic infections including pneumonia caused by Pneumocystic carinii. As a staining method for Pneumocystis carinii, modified Grocott's methenamine silver method has been used routinely. This procedure can identify the cyst walls of Pneumocystis carinii, but, can not identify the intracystic bodies of Pneumocystis carinii. The author has applied the method using ammoniacal silver and Giemsa staining, and found that this is a consistently reliable staining procedure for the cyst walls and intracystic bodies of Pneumocystis carinii. Moreover, this new method may detect mature and immature cysts of Pneumocystis carinii
Double Staining Method for Identification of Cyst Walls and Intracystic Bodies of Pneumocystis carinii in Histologic Sections
No full textThe acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by opportunistic infections including pneumonia caused by Pneumocystic carinii. As a staining method for Pneumocystis carinii, modified Grocott's methenamine silver method has been used routinely. This procedure can identify the cyst walls of Pneumocystis carinii, but, can not identify the intracystic bodies of Pneumocystis carinii. The author has applied the method using ammoniacal silver and Giemsa staining, and found that this is a consistently reliable staining procedure for the cyst walls and intracystic bodies of Pneumocystis carinii. Moreover, this new method may detect mature and immature cysts of Pneumocystis carinii.Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 1989, 34(2-4), p.32-3
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