32,347 research outputs found
3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine increases F oF 1-ATP synthase activity and cardiolipin level in liver mitochondria of hypothyroid rats
No full textShort-term effects of 3,5-L-diiodothyronine (T 2) administration to hypothyroid rats on F oF 1-ATP synthase activity were investigated in liver mitochondria. One hour after T 2 injection, state 4 and state 3 respiration rates were noticeably stimulated in mitochondria subsequently isolated. F oF 1-ATP synthase activity, which was reduced in mitochondria from hypothyroid rats as compared to mitochondria from euthyroid rats, was significantly increased by T 2 administration in both the ATP-synthesis and hydrolysis direction. No change in β-subunit mRNA accumulation and protein amount of the α-β subunit of F oF 1-ATP synthase was found, ruling out a T 2 genomic effect. In T 2-treated rats, changes in the composition of mitochondrial phospholipids were observed, cardiolipin (CL) showing the greatest alteration. In mitochondria isolated from hypothyroid rats the decrease in the amount of CL was accompanied by an increase in the level of peroxidised CL. T 2 administration to hypothyroid rats enhanced the level of CL and decreased the amount of peroxidised CL in subsequently isolated mitochondria, tending to restore the CL value to the euthyroid level. Minor T 2-induced changes in mitochondrial fatty acid composition were detected. Overall, the enhanced F oF 1-ATP synthase activity observed following injection of T 2 to hypothyroid rats may be ascribed, at least in part, to an increased level of mitochondrial CL associated with decreased peroxidation of CL. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine increases FoF1-ATP synthase activity and cardiolipin level in liver mitochondria of hypothyroid rats.
No full textShort-term effects of 3,5-L-diiodothyronine (T(2)) administration to hypothyroid rats on F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase activity were investigated in liver mitochondria. One hour after T(2) injection, state 4 and state 3 respiration rates were noticeably stimulated in mitochondria subsequently isolated. F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase activity, which was reduced in mitochondria from hypothyroid rats as compared to mitochondria from euthyroid rats, was significantly increased by T(2) administration in both the ATP-synthesis and hydrolysis direction. No change in β-subunit mRNA accumulation and protein amount of the α-β subunit of F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase was found, ruling out a T(2) genomic effect. In T(2)-treated rats, changes in the composition of mitochondrial phospholipids were observed, cardiolipin (CL) showing the greatest alteration. In mitochondria isolated from hypothyroid rats the decrease in the amount of CL was accompanied by an increase in the level of peroxidised CL. T(2) administration to hypothyroid rats enhanced the level of CL and decreased the amount of peroxidised CL in subsequently isolated mitochondria, tending to restore the CL value to the euthyroid level. Minor T(2)-induced changes in mitochondrial fatty acid composition were detected. Overall, the enhanced F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase activity observed following injection of T(2) to hypothyroid rats may be ascribed, at least in part, to an increased level of mitochondrial CL associated with decreased peroxidation of CL
A Long-Term, High-Resolution Wetland Dataset over the Amazon Basin, Downscaled from a Multiwavelength Retrieval Using SAR Data
No full textISI Document Delivery No.: 125SI Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 36 Cited References: Alsdorf DE, 2007, REV GEOPHYS, V45, DOI 10.1029/2006RG000197 Altor AE, 2006, ECOL ENG, V28, P224, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.06.006 Aragao LEOC, 2007, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V34, DOI 10.1029/2006GL028946. Armstrong R. L., 2005, NO HEMISPHERE EASE G Bousquet P, 2006, NATURE, V443, P439, DOI 10.1038/nature05132 Coulibaly P, 2005, J HYDROMETEOROL, V6, P483, DOI 10.1175/JHM409.1 Das NN, 2011, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V49, P1504, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2089526 Decharme B, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V113, DOI 10.1029/2007JD009376 Decharme B, 2012, CLIM DYNAM, V38, P1389, DOI 10.1007/s00382-011-1054-9 Frappart F, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V113, DOI 10.1029/2007JD009438 Frappart F, 2012, ENVIRON RES LETT, V7, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044010 Frappart F, 2011, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V115, P1588, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.02.003 Galantowicz J., 2002, P 2002 IEEE INT GEOS, P1499 GEMAN S, 1984, IEEE T PATTERN ANAL, V6, P721 Hess LL, 2003, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V87, P404, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.001 Kalnay E, 1996, B AM METEOROL SOC, V77, P437, DOI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)0772.0.CO;2 LEWIS A, 1998, PRINCIPLES APPL IMAG, V266, P2 Lewis SL, 2011, SCIENCE, V331, P554, DOI 10.1126/science.1200807 Maraun D, 2010, REV GEOPHYS, V48, DOI 10.1029/2009RG000314 Marengo JA, 2008, J CLIMATE, V21, P495, DOI 10.1175/2007JCLI1600.1 Papa F, 2010, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V115, DOI 10.1029/2009JD012674 Papa F, 2008, SURV GEOPHYS, V29, P297, DOI 10.1007/s10712-008-9036-0 Papa F, 2008, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V35, DOI 10.1029/2008GL033857 Papa F, 2006, INT J REMOTE SENS, V27, P4847, DOI 10.1080/01431160600675887 Prigent C, 2012, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V39, DOI 10.1029/2012GL051276 Prigent C, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P4631, DOI 10.1029/2001GL013263 Prigent C, 2006, B AM METEOROL SOC, V87, P1573, DOI 10.1175/BAMS-87-11-1573 Prigent C, 2007, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V112, DOI 10.1029/2006JD007847 Pryor SC, 2005, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V110, DOI 10.1029/2005JD005899 Ringeval B, 2010, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V24, DOI 10.1029/2008GB003354 Rodriguez E., 2012, SURFACE WATER OCEAN Rosenqvist A, 2000, INT J REMOTE SENS, V21, P1375, DOI 10.1080/014311600210227 Rossow WB, 1999, B AM METEOROL SOC, V80, P2261, DOI 10.1175/1520-0477(1999)0802.0.CO;2 Schmith T, 2008, J CLIMATE, V21, P4529, DOI 10.1175/2008JCLI1910.1 Storch H, 1993, J CLIMATOL, V6, P1161 Zeng N, 2008, ENVIRON RES LETT, V3, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/3/1/014002 Aires, Filipe Papa, Fabrice Prigent, Catherine Papa, Fabrice/D-3695-2009 Papa, Fabrice/0000-0001-6305-6253 CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) We thank the CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) and, in particular, Selma Cherchali for funding this project named "Preparation a la mission SWOT: Desagregation des surface inondees'' and Aurelie Le Samedy, who helped us gather the datasets for the study. 2 AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC BOSTON J HYDROMETEOROLA climatology of wetlands has been derived at a low spatial resolution (0.25 degrees 3 0.25 degrees equal-area grid) over a 15-yr period by combining visible and near-infrared satellite observations and passive and active microwaves. The objective of this study is to develop a downscaling technique able to retrieve wetland estimations at a higher spatial resolution (about 500 m). The proposed method uses an image-processing technique applied to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) information about the low and high wetland season. This method is tested over the densely vegetated basin of the Amazon. The downscaling results are satisfactory since they respect the spatial hydrological features of the SAR data and the temporal evolution of the low-resolution wetland estimates. A new long-term and high-resolution wetland dataset has been generated for 1993-2007 for the Amazon basin. This dataset represents a new and unprecedented source of information for climate and land surface modeling of the Amazon and for the definition of future hydrology-oriented satellite missions such as Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT)
On the critical technological issues of CFF: enhancing the bearing strength
No full textThis research activity deals with 3D printing composites fabricated by Continuous Fiber/Filament Fabrication with an innovative thermoplastic matrix infilled with microcarbon fiber, i.e., Onyx, and carbon reinforcement. Three groups of additively manufactured samples were printed and tested to evaluate the possibility of avoiding the drilling phase to increase the bearing resistance and evaluate the parts’ properties: standard geometry, post-process drilling, and customized geometry. Different configurations were realized for the additively manufactured and drilled samples to assess the reinforcement effect on the bearing performance and identify the 3D printing technology limits. Finally, the customized sample represents a new approach to conceiving a better solution for enhancing the bearing strength. Pin-bearing stress and stiffness have been analyzed through experimental methods, the material compaction quality was detected by ultrasound technique, and failure modes have been discussed. Concerning the additive samples, the bearing strength decreased in all reinforced printed configurations due to the technological limitations of the CFF process. However, exploiting a more flexible approach in the design, a novel bearing configuration with a custom infill strategy was proposed, reaching high values of bearing strength and stiffness. This resulted in a reduction in costs and weight, taking one step toward more sustainable production
Global-scale analysis of satellite-derived time series of naturally inundated areas as a basis for floodplain modeling
No full textFloodplains play an important role in the terrestrial water cycle and are very important for biodiversity. Therefore, an improved representation of the dynamics of floodplain water flows and storage in global hydrological and land surface models is required. To support model validation, we combined monthly time series of satellite-derived inundation areas (Papa et al., 2010) with data on irrigated rice areas (Portmann et al., 2010). In this way, we obtained global-scale time series of naturally inundated areas (NIA), with monthly values of inundation extent during 1993–2004 and a spatial resolution of 0.5°. For most grid cells (0.5°×0.5°), the mean annual maximum of NIA agrees well with the static open water extent of the Global Lakes and Wetlands database (GLWD) (Lehner and Döll, 2004), but in 16% of the cells NIA is larger than GLWD. In some regions, like Northwestern Europe, NIA clearly overestimates inundated areas, probably because of confounding very wet soils with inundated areas. In other areas, such as South Asia, it is likely that NIA can help to enhance GLWD. NIA data will be very useful for developing and validating a floodplain modeling algorithm for the global hydrological model WGHM. For example, we found that monthly NIAs correlate with observed river discharges
Letter from Carl Hayden to Henry F. Ashurst
No full textLetter describing three enclosures, a letter from F. M. Gold, Carl T. Hayden's reply to Gold's letter, and a copy of a bill introduced by Cameron
Letter from A. F. Potter to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from A. F. Potter to Carl T. Hayden describing John H. Page's request to build a railway for the Canyon Copper Company as "impractical"
Diversifying the products from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by producing polyhydroxyalkanoates from the liquid fraction and biomethane from the residual solid fraction
No full textThis study describes the diversification of products obtainable from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from the liquid fraction and biomethane from the residual solid fraction. OFMSW samples were taken during the 2021 season from two full field scale plants treating wastes. After solid/liquid (S/L) separation, 80% of initial organic acids (OAs) were released in the liquid stream. OAs were then used as feed for PHA production and residual solid cakes were tested for biomethane production. Complete mass balance and energy balance were calculated. PHAs production was of 115 ± 23 (n = 6) g kg− 1 OFMSW (TS) and residual biomethane of 219 ± 3 g kg− 1 OFMSW TS, (n = 6). Energy balance indicated that nearly 40% of OFMSW energy was recovered as products. This value was lower than that obtained previously when AD was performed before OAs separation (i.e. 64%)
Noninvasive mid-term follow-up of radial artery bypass grafts with 16-slice computed tomography
No full textNoninvasive midterm follow-up of radial artery bypass grafts with 16-slice computed tomography.
Di Lazzaro D, Ragni T, Di Manici G, Bardelli G, Da Col U, Grasselli F, Antoniella A, Papa W, Crusco F, Giovagnoni A.
Source
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [email protected]
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The standard invasive procedure to evaluate graft patency is selective coronary angiography. The recent introduction of a new generation of multidetector row computed tomography made possible the noninvasive study of grafts with excellent results in terms of visualization and resolution. We used computed tomography to study all patients with a radial artery graft operated on in 2002.
METHODS:
Between April and October 2005, we reviewed all patients operated on by coronary artery bypass grafting at our institution between January and December 2002. A total of 62 patients received a radial artery graft. Of these, 22 were lost at the time of follow-up. The other 40 patients were enrolled for a multidetector row computed tomography study. Demographic and instrumental data were collected for all the patients. A total number of 145 grafts were studied, with complete and excellent visualization.
RESULTS:
The scans revealed a 97.77% (44 of 45) patency rate for left internal mammary arteries, 90.57% (48 of 53) for vein grafts, and 73.91% (34 of 46) for radial arteries (mammary artery plus vein grafts versus radial artery patency, p < 0.001). If analyzed for target vessel, we found the poorest result of radial grafts when placed on the right coronary artery (40% [2 of 5] patency rate).
CONCLUSIONS:
Noninvasive control of previously bypassed patients is feasible, with no discomfort for them and excellent visualization of grafts. The use of the radial artery as a conduit for bypass graft can be achieved with good results, after a careful choice of the target vessel.
PMID:
16798185 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
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