20 research outputs found
PENGARUH MINYAK NABATI Piper aduncum TERHADAP JAMUR Sclerotium rolfsii MENURUT KETINGGIAN LOKASI TANAM DAN WAKTU PENYULINGAN
No full text<p class="IsiabstrakIndonesia">Pengujian efektifitas antifungal pestisida nabati <em>Piper aduncum</em> untuk pengendalian cendawan <em>Sclerotium rolfsii</em> pada ketinggian lokasi tanam dan waktu penyulingan berbeda telah dilakukan sejak Agustus 2014 sampai April 2015 di Laboratorium Pasca Panen dan Parasitologi Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Laing Solok, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian terdiri dari tiga sub kegiatan: (1) Penekanan diameter koloni, (2) Perkecambahan sklerotia, dan (3) Penekanan biomassa koloni. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial, 9 perlakuan diulang empat kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah sumber bahan <em>P</em><em>.</em><em> aduncum</em>; dari dataran rendah (A1) 20 m dpl, dataran menengah (A2) 460 m dpl dan dataran tinggi (A3) 1000 m dpl sebagai faktor I. Faktor II adalah waktu penyulingan; satu jam ke-1 (W1), satu jam ke-2 (W2) dan satu jam ke-3 (W3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak <em>P. aduncum</em> dari dataran rendah mempunyai aktifitas antifungal lebih tinggi dibanding dataran menengah dan tinggi, dengan penekanan diameter koloni secara berurutan 92,77; 91,02 dan 87,77%; penekanan biomassa koloni masing-masing 94,85; 92,52 dan 90,40%; penekanan perkecambahan sklerotia masing-masing 60; 48,89 dan 36,67%. Hasil penyulingan satu jam ketiga mempunyai aktifitas antifungal lebih baik dari satu jam kedua dan kesatu, dengan penekanan diameter koloni secara berurutan 98,52; 89,63 dan 83,42%; penekanan biomassa koloni masing-masing 97,67; 93,83 dan 86,67%; penekanan perkecambahan sklerotia masing-masing 71,11; 46,67 dan 27,78%.</p></jats:p
POTENSI EKSTRAK GAMBIR, SIRIH-SIRIHAN DAN SAMBILOTO UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Aphis schneideri PADA TANAMAN Klausena
No full text<p class="IsiabstrakIndonesia">Pestisida yang berasal dari tanaman relatif aman terhadap organisme bukan sasaran dan ramah lingkungan dibandingkan dengan pestisida berbahan aktif kimia sintetik. Gambir, sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto merupakan tanaman potensial sebagai sumber pestisida nabati. Tanaman-tanaman tersebut mengandung senyawa fenolik, minyak atsiri dan metabolit lainnya yang belum dieksplorasi pemanfaatannya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengobservasi potensi ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto dalam menanggulangi serangga hama <em>Aphis schneideri </em>yang sering menyerang tanaman<em> </em>klausena. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari ekstrak gambir, sambiloto, dan sirih-sirihan, masing-masing dengan tingkat konsentrasi yang berbeda (8, 12, dan 16 ml l<sup>-l</sup>) serta kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Laing, Solok dari Februari sampai Agustus 2015. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase kematian (mortalitas) nimfa dan imago. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto bersifat insektisidal terhadap serangga hama <em>A. schneideri</em>. Ekstrak gambir pada konsentrasi 16 ml l<sup>-l</sup> mampu mengendalikan nimfa dan imago <em>A. schneideri</em> 100% pada 6 jam setelah aplikasi, sedangkan ekstrak sambiloto pada tingkat konsentrasi yang sama dengan gambir memerlukan waktu 36 jam setelah aplikasi untuk mencapai mortalitas 100%. Ekstrak sirih-sirihan memiliki efikasi terendah dibanding gambir dan sambiloto dengan tingkat mortalitas hanya mencapai 63,83% (nimfa) dan 65,44% (imago) pada 36 jam setelah aplikasi. Ekstrak gambir paling potensial sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengedalikan <em>A. schneideri</em> dibandingkan dengan ekstrak sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto. Perlu pengujian lapangan untuk mengetahui keefektifan ekstrak gambir dalam mengendalikan serangan hama<em> A. schneideri </em>pada tanaman klausena.</p></jats:p
PESTISIDA NABATI KAYUMANIS DAN SERAIWANGI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENGGULUNG DAUN NILAM Pacyzancla stultalis
No full text<em>Botanical pesticide is one of the alternatives to control pest and relatively safe for the environment. Cinnamon oil and citronella oil commonly used as botanical pesticide to control leaf roller</em> Pachyzancla stultalis<em> attack on patchouli, hence maintaining patchouli productivity. This study aimed to find the best botanical insecticide formula made of cinnamon oil and citronella oil to control leaf roller attack without decreasing the quality of patchouli oil. Research was conducted in patchouli farmer's plantation in Solok Regency, Kenagarian Gantung Ciri from January to October 2013. The research was arranged in Randomized Block Design with four treatments (Pesnab KM 40, Pesnab SW 50, synthetic insecticide deltamethrin 25 EC and without pesticide as control) repeated six times. Botanical pesticide, Pesnab KM 40 and SW 50, were formulated using 40 % cinnamon oil (KM 40) and 50 % citronella oil (SW 50). The plant tested was one month old Sidikalang variety in polybags. The KM 40 botanical pesticide formula was more effective to control </em>P. stultalis <em>larvae pest than control and SW 50 botanical pesticide, and as effective as synthetic pesticide. The herb yield, oil yield, oil content and patchouli alcohol (PA) content of KM 40 treatment were not significantly different compared to synthetic pesticide, but higher than control. Patchouli oil components such as alpha pinene, beta pinene, limonene, copaene, karyophylen, guanen, allo-aromadrene and gurjunen, was not significantly different among treatments. Botanical pesticides made from cinnamon oil can be used as alternative to control P. stultalis larvae attack in patchouli.</em><p> </p></jats:p
Adiabatic quantum pumping through surface states in 3D topological insulators
No full textWe investigate adiabatic quantum pumping of ballistic Dirac fermions on the surface of a strong three-dimensional topological insulator. Two different geometries are studied in detail, a normal metal–ferromagnetic–normal metal (NFN) junction and a ferromagnetic–normal metal–ferromagnetic (FNF) junction. Using a scattering matrix approach, we show that each time a new resonant mode appears in the transport window the pumped current exhibits a maximum and provide a detailed analysis of the position of these maxima. We also predict a characteristic difference between the pumped current in NFN- and FNF-junctions: whereas the former vanishes for carriers at normal incidence, the latter is finite due to the different nature of wavefunction interference in the junctions. Finally, we predict an experimentally distinguishable difference between the pumped current and the conductance.Quantum NanoscienceApplied Science
TINJAUAN KRITIS TERHADAP KONSEP IDEOLOGIS KEPENGARANGAN INDONESIA : KAJIAN SOSIOLOGIS
Full text linkIndonesian writers continue to race across the ocean of globalization and technology. Those who come from various regions, fused into a large community as citizens of the world literature, sow among a number of mirage and cyberspace. An Indonesia poet or author has diverse languages, in accordance with the ideological background (worldview) authorship respectively. Ideology means a way of thinking or way of life of a person or a group. This paper assesses the ideology of Indonesia authorship in terms of sosilogi. Sociology is the study of society or community. Through this sociological theory discovered the concept of Indonesian author diverse ideologies. Indonesian author is able to create an ideology novelty literary language in conditions of globalization regime. Through literature, the authors of Indonesia express ideas and thoughts for the people of Indonesia
The Growth, Productivity and Quality of Fifteen Accessions of Ceylon Cinnamon at Medium Elevation of Solok, West Sumatera
No full text<p>The evaluation of growth, productivity and quality of 15 accessions of Ceylon cinnamon (<em>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</em> Blume) at the medium elevation in Laing Research Installation Solok West Sumatra, has been conducted from January 2007 to April 2013. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Block Design with 15 treatments (accessions) and repeated three times. Parameter observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, bark thickness, bark production, leaf production, oil yield and components of oils. The results showed that, the highest plant height was Czl16 (497.67 cm) and Czl30 (478.33 cm). The largest stem diameter was Czl16 (12.33 cm) followed by Czl15 (11.33 cm) Czl02 (11.00 cm) and Czl29 (11.00 cm). The highest branch number was Czl30 (30.00), Czl15 (29.00), Czl22 (29.00) and Czl35 (28.66). The highest production of dry bark was Czl30 (4,350 g.treeˉ¹) and the lowest one was Czl03 (1,800 g.treeˉ¹). The highest leaf production was Czl15 (18,700 g.treeˉ¹ and Czl16 (18366.67 g.treeˉ¹), and the lowest one was Czl03 (7,633.33 g.treeˉ¹). The highest of oil yield was Czl12 and Czl30 0.75 % each and the lowest one was Czl11 (0.27 %). The highest of cinnamaldehyde content was Czl35 (61.24 %), followed by Czl22 (59.38 %) and the lowest one was Czl17 (37.78 %). The chemical components of oils of cinnamon bar analyzed by GCMS from Czl35 accession consisted of 51 components and the primary components were cinnamaldehyde 61.29 %, eugenol 6.87 %, β-caryophyllane 6.59 %, cinnamyl acetate 5.61 %, β-phellandrene 4.79 %, dillapiole 3.39 %, benzoic acid 1.82 %, Linalool 1 %, and 43 other components each below 1 %.</p></jats:p
Alternatif Konsep Kelembagaan untuk Penajaman Operasionalisasi dalam Penelitian Sosiologi
Full text linkEnglishThe experts have no the same perception regarding the term of “institution”. This leads to unworkable definitions and concepts. This paper reviews the existing thoughts, especially those related with the term of “organization”, and simplifies them to formulate an easier concept which enables scientists and practitioners to work with. Different meanings exist due to different points of views of the experts, especially in early stage of sociology development. Sine 1950’s, social institution and social organization have been distinguished strictly. The author proposes a solution, i.e., the term of “institution” to mention the social system in which it is classified into two important components, namely “institutional aspect” and “organizational aspect”. Through this differentiation, it is expected that the analysis becomes more detailed, signifies the strong and weak aspects, and enables to choose the strategy of developing it.IndonesianIstilah “kelembagaan” belum memperoleh kesamaan pengertian di kalangan para ahli. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya beberapa pengertian dan konsep yang menyebabkan tidak dapat dioperasionalkan. Tulisan ini berusaha melakukan tinjauan (review) seluruh pemikiran yang berkembang, terutama kaitannya dengan istilah “organisasi”, untuk kemudian merumuskan satu konsep yang lebih mudah sehingga dapat dipergunakan baik untuk kalangan ilmuwan maupun praktisi. Ketidaksamaan pemaknaan terjadi karena setiap ahli memiliki titik pandang yang berbeda dalam membahasnya, terutama pda masa-masa awal perkembangan sosiologi. Namun, semenjak era 1950-an, sesungguhnya sudah terlihat adanya pembedaan yang tegas antara kelembagaan (social institution) dan organisasi (social organization). Sebagai solusinya, penulis menggunakan istilah “kelembagaan” untuk menyebut suatu sistem sosial dimaksud, yang didalamnya dapat dibagi menjadi dua komponen penting, yaitu “aspek kelembagaan” dan “aspek keorganisasian”. Dengan membedakan seperti ini, maka analisa dapat lebih mendalam, dapat diketahui aspek apa yang kuat dan lemah, serta dapat memilih strategi untuk pengembangannya
TANTANGAN PENGINTEGRASIAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN DAERAH KE DALAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN CAKUPAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN UNIVERSAL
Full text linkThis study is to review the facts in the health care field, where WHO has agreed to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in 2014. UHC is a health system that ensures every citizen in the population has fair access to a qualified promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative health care at reasonable costs. Universal coverage contains two core elements namely equitable access to qualified health services for every citizen, and the protection of financial risks when people use health services. Indonesia is currently in transition towards UHC. Law No. 40 Year 2004 about National Social Security System (UU SJSN)' has answered the basic principles of UHC by requiring every citizen to have access to comprehensive health services that are needed through pre-effort system. Then, the author will formulate solutions to these problems which can be seen as a recommendation for the implementation of health care development. Problem solving methods used in formulating solutions to problems are policy analysis using William Dunn and Abidin's theory, and the Fishbone Diagram. Based on the analysis, the author advises the need to arrange a formulation that meets the demands of integration of Jamkesda into JKN. Formulation of policies which have been directed towards the centralization of health financing through JKN program must be balanced by providing a flexible space for local governments to participate in decision making processes dynamically. This formulation is called Centralized Dynamic Integration policy formulation.Â
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII Smplb Karya Mulia Surabaya Menulis Buku Harian melalui Pemetaan Pikiran dengan Baling-Baling Berwarna
Full text linkWriting a diary with colorful propeller mind mapping method is an innovative method to enhance the 7th grade hearing impaired students' capabilities and skills of writing in Karya Mulia Special Secondary School for Students with Disabilities (SMPLB) Surabaya. This innovative effort was based on the constraints or obstacles to teach hearing impaired students in developing the abilities and skills of writing a diary that were still far below the average of minimum completion criteria (KKM). To find out the extent of this innovative method's implementation's impact, the author wanted to do a class action research (PTK) that includes 3 cycles where two-time meetings were conducted in each cycle. The research was started from the pre action activities continued to a cycle-1, cycle-2, to cycle-3. The result indicates that there has been improvements in 7th grade student's learning outcome in writing a diary through mind mapping mehod using learn to write diary through colorful propeller mapping method AsbtrakMenulis buku harian melalui metode pemetaan pikiran (mind mapping) dengan menggunakan Baling-Baling berwarna merupakan metode inovatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan menulis buku harian siswa tuna rungu kelas VII SMPLB Karya Mulia Surabaya. Upaya inovatif ini beranjak dari kendala/hambatan sebelumnya dalam membelajarkan siswa tuna rungu mengembangkan kemampuan dan keterampilan menulis Buku Harian yang hasilnya berada jauh di bawah rata-rata Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM). Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana dampak dari penerapan metode inovatif ini, penulis melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang mencakup 3 siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Penelitian dimulai dari kegiatan pra tindakan, dilanjutkan dengan siklus-1, siklus-2, sampai dengan siklus-3. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMPLB Karya Mulia Surabaya dalam menulis buku harian melalui metode pemetaan pikiran dengan Baling-Baling berwarn
POTENSI EKSTRAK GAMBIR, SIRIH-SIRIHAN DAN SAMBILOTO UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Aphis schneideri PADA TANAMAN Klausena
Full text linkPestisida yang berasal dari tanaman relatif aman terhadap organisme bukan sasaran dan ramah lingkungan dibandingkan dengan pestisida berbahan aktif kimia sintetik. Gambir, sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto merupakan tanaman potensial sebagai sumber pestisida nabati. Tanaman-tanaman tersebut mengandung senyawa fenolik, minyak atsiri dan metabolit lainnya yang belum dieksplorasi pemanfaatannya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengobservasi potensi ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto dalam menanggulangi serangga hama Aphis schneideri yang sering menyerang tanaman klausena. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari ekstrak gambir, sambiloto, dan sirih-sirihan, masing-masing dengan tingkat konsentrasi yang berbeda (8, 12, dan 16 ml l-l) serta kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Laing, Solok dari Februari sampai Agustus 2015. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase kematian (mortalitas) nimfa dan imago. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto bersifat insektisidal terhadap serangga hama A. schneideri. Ekstrak gambir pada konsentrasi 16 ml l-l mampu mengendalikan nimfa dan imago A. schneideri 100% pada 6 jam setelah aplikasi, sedangkan ekstrak sambiloto pada tingkat konsentrasi yang sama dengan gambir memerlukan waktu 36 jam setelah aplikasi untuk mencapai mortalitas 100%. Ekstrak sirih-sirihan memiliki efikasi terendah dibanding gambir dan sambiloto dengan tingkat mortalitas hanya mencapai 63,83% (nimfa) dan 65,44% (imago) pada 36 jam setelah aplikasi. Ekstrak gambir paling potensial sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengedalikan A. schneideri dibandingkan dengan ekstrak sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto. Perlu pengujian lapangan untuk mengetahui keefektifan ekstrak gambir dalam mengendalikan serangan hama A. schneideri pada tanaman klausena
