91,355 research outputs found
“The Real Da Vinci Code”: The accounts of Templars’ estates in England and Wales during the suppression of the Order
No full textMost readers will be familiar with at least the title of Dan Brown’s 2003 novel, The Da Vinci Code. In the novel, a cryptic code holds the key to valuable knowledge held by the Templars that has been hidden from the world for centuries. Likewise in this paper Nicholson and Slavin discuss valuable information about the Templars that has been effectively concealed within the documents drawn up at the time of the Templars’ arrests in Britain and Ireland and during the proceedings against the Templars. This valuable information comprises data revealing the extent of the Templars’ estates and their moveable and immoveable property at the time of the arrests and at intervals thereafter, and the income and expenditure of those estates during the time that they were administered by the English king’s officials. The data were recorded by royal officials and are preserved in the National Archives of the UK in Kew, but these records’ heavily abbreviated state and sometimes poor state of preservation renders them effectively unintelligible to the majority of readers: hence they are effectively encoded. In this paper, the authors explain how these documents were produced, summarise the information that they contain, and then present a detailed analysis of some of the data within them.
This paper is founded in Nicholson and Slavin's planned research project into the Templars’ properties in England and Wales. The goal of this research is to publish the records for England and Wales (the records from Ireland were published in 1967), to make them available to all scholars with an interest in medieval estate records; but with the particular intention of establishing exactly how wealthy or poverty-stricken the Templars in Britain were in 1308, and what property the Hospitallers actually inherited here in 1313
Two tales of a city: Salford in regional filmmaking, 1957-1973
No full textThis discussion considers the role of moving image in constructing aspects of regional identity, with particular reference to footage produced by two very different filmmakers who filmed in Ordsall, Salford during the 1960s. Their respective footage covers a period of profound social and physical change associated with housing clearance and urban renewal schemes. This article, which is based upon archival film footage in the North West Film Archive at Manchester Metropolitan University, seeks to convey the richness and multi-facetted nature of this footage and to highlight its value in the historical exploration of identity formation. The piece begins with a brief consideration of archival film as a source of historical evidence and associated issues of interpretation. This is followed by an introduction to the locality that features in the two filmmakers’ work and brief reference to how it has been represented in the past. Attention then turns to each of the filmmakers: first, John Michael Goodger, former lecturer at the University of Salford, who made a trilogy of films to chart the changing character of Ordsall in the late 1960s; second, Ralph Brookes, an amateur home movie maker who also documented the transformation of the terraced streets around where he lived. These contrasting versions of Ordsall highlight some of the challenges offered by using film in a study of regional identities. They also illustrate the enormous potential of such material in helping to elucidate the shifting and multiple nature of place meanings
The role of educative thought in the life and work of Antonio Gramsci
No full textMany philosophers have propounded a vision of an improved society, what distinguishes Antonio Gramsci is his continuous effort to make it happen by understanding the process in order to put into practice. Gramsci's conviction about the importance of educative development came from both theory and experience. While there has been considerable examination of Gramsci's work in relation to the Prison Notebooks, this study will seek to address a lacuna in Gramsci scholarship. Using Gramsci's philological method, I analyse Gramsci's pre-prison activity; his pre-prison articles and letters, which, together with his letters from prison, formed part of his educative mission. This educative process was necessary, in order to construct a new party which would develop a collective will, collaboratively, with the masses.In this study therefore, I explore the contexts and formative experiences of the first part of his life together with the intellectual sources from which Gramsci developed his later theories, making central hitherto underemphasised connections between them which informed his writing and ideas. I intend to illustrate that Gramsci's underlying purpose in his writing, and political activity, was not only practical, on how to create a new socialist ruling class, but also educative in forming the mindset and values of his comrades. So that in addition to outlining his vision of a new order, he implicitly guided or explicitly explained the processes by which the necessary changes in social relations and moral climate could be made in order to achieve it. Each person had to engage with the values of the new order so that each could contribute to the construction of a new robust state. It was essential to build a hegemony at the most profound level, one which was dependent on collective understandings and a collective will
Blissful violence ambiguity in Stanley Kubrick's a clockwork orange
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Gradução em Letras/Ingrês e Literatura Correspondente.Analise da construção da ambigüidade na narrativa do filme Laranja Mecânica, de Stanley Kubrick (1971). Investiga a relação identificação-afastamento que o filme promove entre o protagonista e o espectador, assim como o modo peculiar como o filme trata a violência. Observa um movimento em direção à ambigüidade que se desenvolve ao longo da obra do diretor, iniciando com estruturas e personagens mais tradicionais, abandonando gradualmente as posições morais seguras. Três filmes são também discutidos como uma amostra da obra do diretor, de modo a traçar a evolução de seu estilo e sua visão de mundo: Dr. Fantástico ou Como Aprendi a Parar de me Preocupar e Amar a Bomba (1963), 2001- Uma Odisséia no Espaço (1968) e De Olhos Bem Fechados (1999)
Entre Nós: entrevista a Francisco Nicholson
No full textEmissões - Entre NósPrograma “Entre Nós” - uma produção vídeo da Universidade Aberta para a RTPEntrevista a Francisco Nicholson, ator e autor, realizada em outubro de 2003.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
ASPECTOS BOTÂNICOS E DE USOS DE Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicholson & C. E. Jarvis (VITACEAE):INSULINA-VEGETAL
No full text RESUMO - (Aspectos botânicos e de usos de Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicholson & C. E. Jarvis (Vitaceae): insulina-vegetal). No presente trabalho são apresentados dados botânicos e de usos de uma importante planta usada na medicina popular, denominada de insulina-vegetal, Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicholson & C. E. Jarvis, da familia Vitaceae. Palavras-chave: Cissus, planta medicinal, insulina-vegetal
W. H. Auden's inter-war poetry: a political use of ambiguity
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura CorrespondenteThis dissertation focuses the historical context of the inter-war period in England and Wystan Hugh Auden#s poetry. Auden#s poetic work has been read, interpreted, analysed and criticised considering his biography, a form of reading that subtly differs from autobiography. I think that his texts are autobiographical pieces that denote the 1920s and 1930s social, cultural, economic and political changes through which England went. For this I analyse autobiographical traces in his poetry and his specific use of ambiguity that constitutes in my point of view a political strategy that shelters the author before the social censorship against homosexuals in that period of the English History. The poet disguises his subjectivity in masks or third person as a protagonist forced to behave performatively in order to survive in his society. The poems show individuals living in a conservative society and their impossibility to live a love relationship in its completion. Protected by ambiguity, the poet is able to keep a place in society free from the cruelties engendered against homosexuals who were considered subversive individuals in that epoch. Auden#s political use of ambiguity is thus a strategy to hide his homosexuality, what elicits his concern with gender matters. Moreover, the poems show the poet#s awareness towards social class. By bringing up gender and class, Auden#s inter-war poetics can contribute to gay, lesbian and queer studies as a form to show socio-cultural views of homosexuality and homosexuals# quotidian lives. Esta tese focaliza o contexto histórico do período entre-guerras na Inglaterra e a poesia de Wystan Hugh Auden. A obra poética de Auden tem sido lida, interpretada, analisada e criticada considerando-se sua biografia, uma forma de leitura que sutilmente difere de autobiografia. Eu penso que seus textos são peças autobiográficas que denotam as mudanças sociais, culturais, econômicas e políticas pelas quais a Inglaterra passou. Para isto, eu analiso os traços autobiográficos em sua poesia e seu uso específico da ambiguidade que se constitui em meu ponto de vista em uma estratégia política que protege o autor diante da censura social contra os homossexuais naquele período da História da Inglaterra. O poeta esconde sua subjetividade em máscaras ou em terceira pessoa como um protagonista forçado a comportar-se performaticamente a fim de sobreviver em sua sociedade. Os poemas mostram indivíduos vivendo em uma sociedade conservadora e sua [dos indivíduos] impossibilidade de viver relacionamentos de amor em sua completude. Protegido pela ambigüidade, o poeta é capaz de manter um lugar na sociedade, livre das crueldades engendradas contra os homossexuais que eram considerados indivíduos subversivos naquela época. O uso político da ambiguidade por Auden é assim uma estratégia para esconder sua homossexualidade, o que demonstra sua preocupação com questões de gênero. Além disso, os poemas mostram a consciência do poeta para com classes sociais. Ao abordar gênero e classe, a poética entre-guerras de Auden pode contribuir para os estudos gays, lésbicos e queer como forma de mostrar as visões sócio-culturais da homossexualidade e das vidas quotidianas dos homossexuais
A infraestrutura cognitiva da linguagem
No full textMichael Tomasello, um dos mais influentes pesquisadores dedicados ao estudo da evolução e da aquisição da linguagem, em sua palestra online para a Abralin ao vivo, apresenta sua tese de que a capacidade comunicativa humana, em amplo sentido, desenvolve-se antes da linguagem e é fundamental para explicar sua origem. Isto é, a capacidade comunicativa humana, que possui como infraestrutura uma gama de capacidades cognitivas gerais — como capacidades cooperativas, capacidade de inferir intenções, capacidade de decifrar gestos contextualmente, o que demanda o reconhecimento de common ground e atenção conjunta — são as condições básicas que permitem o desenvolvimento de uma linguagem humana complexa. Além disso, o autor demonstra como gestos (e.g. apontar) são usados de forma sofisticada por crianças, mas não por primatas não humanos. Desta forma, os gestos, apoiados na infraestrutura comunicativa, poderiam dar origem às convenções gramaticais19215Michael Tomasello, one of the most influential scholars dedicated to the study of language evolution and acquisition, in his online lecture to Abralin ao vivo, presents his thesis that human communication capacity is prior to language development and is fundamental to explain our linguistic ability. That is, a capacity for human communication, which emcompasses a variety of general cognitive skills —such as cooperation, inference of intentions, deciphering gestures contextually, which requires the recognition of com-mon ground and joint attention —are the conditions which can create or support a complex human language. In addition, the author demonstrates how gestures (e.g., pointing) are used in a sophisticated way by children, but not by non-human primates. Thus, the author argues that gestures, sup-ported by the human communicative infrastructure, can give rise to grammatical convention
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