41 research outputs found
Quantitation of IgM antibodies to the M. leprae synthetic dissacharide can predict early bacterial multiplication in leprosy
No full textQuantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays detecting IgM to the soluble Mycobacterium leprae crude sonicate (CD75) and the synthetic disaccharide antigen coupled to bovine serum albumin (ND-BSA) were assessed for their ability to determine early infection in families/household contacts of leprosy patients and employees of a leprosy center working in close contact with leprosy patients. Although IgM to both antigens (CD75 and ND-BSA) correlated with the bacterial index (BI) assessed histologically on skin-biopsy samples, the level of IgM antibodies to ND-BSA was a much more sensitive indicator of low bacterial loads. A 4.4-fold difference in antibody levels was observed between the mean group levels of endemic controls (N = 116) and tuberculoid leprosy patients with a BI of 0 (N = 88), increasing to sevenfold in tuberculoid leprosy patients with a BI of 1 (N = 20). Using a statistical cut off with endemic controls (mean + 2 S.D.), household/family contacts showed 30% seropositivity (N = 180) as compared to staff contacts who showed 17% seropositivity (N = 55). Percent seropositivity in family contacts was not related to the type of leprosy of the index case (lepromatous vs. tuberculoid) or the duration of treatment of the index case. Age of the individual in the family contact group had a significant influence on seropositivity. These results support the hypothesis that, in this community, factors other than the viable bacterial load of the index case, such as genetic susceptibility, may be influencing the high rate of seropositivity in family contacts. IgM ND-BSA antibodies seem to provide a good indicator of low antigenic loads and could prove to be useful in detecting subclinical infection before the onset of dis-ease. Follow-up studies of these seropositive individuals are in progress to understand the relationship between seropositivity and the progress of clinical disease.Peer reviewedfinal article publishe
اردو ڈراما ’ضحاک‘ کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ
No full textDr. Muhmmad Hassan was a critic, translator, editor, and drama writer with Marxist point of view. He wrote the drama "Zohak" as political satire to the despotic emergency of Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi. It became an epoch of great resistance literature. Author of this article has traced its ancient sources such as Shahnama e Firdausi, Saroor e Sultani and translation of Akhtar Sheerani from a Turkish drama Gavay by Shams ud din Sami Bay. This drama is a metaphor of resistance in the world of Urdu-Persian Fiction
Another Front, Another War
No full textThis chapter marks the gendered division of memoirs and testimonies that have been attempted in this book. This is based on the assumption that women and men experienced the war differently and found themselves in different situations and roles. When they become the author of their own stories, the gendered nature of war itself becomes clear. While memoirs are written by middle class women, testimonials are more diverse. This chapter also studies in detail the work done on victims of wartime rape (birangonas), custodial torture, and sexual violence in Bangladesh. Worls of authors such as Jahanara Imam and Guhathakurta are examined. While certain aspects are problematized, the chapter ends with the testimony of Firdausi Priyobhashini taken and translated by the author herself, pointing towards what is meant when one talks of the unfinished and unquiet commemorations of 1971.</p
INDIA DECISION-MAKING FACTORS IN SUPPORT OF ISRAEL IN THE WAR AGAINST HAMAS (PALESTINE) IN 2023
No full textThe Israeli-Palestinian war erupted again after Hamas attacked Israel in 2023. This war drew responses from various parties. Among the many Asian countries that provide support to Palestine, India is one of those that takes different actions: they prefer to support Israel. The author aims to dissect the factors that make India support Israel. This is of course, related to decision-making carried out by a country, as explained by Richard Snyder. Decision-making is influenced by internal and external factors that show cause-and-effect relationships. Using descriptive-qualitative research methods, the author found several factors that made India prefer to support Israel. This form of support occurs because of the diplomatic relations the two countries have established to increase defense cooperation. India is doing this because the country is still overshadowed by the long-standing conflict that occurred due to mutual claims on the Kashmir border region with Pakistan. Besides that, India and Israel also collaborate in tourism and humanitarian matters, which are assessed using human environment indicators. All these factors show the rationality used by India in providing support to Israel
Does environmental cost affect Japanese Firms' performance?
Get PDFThis article aims to examine the effect of environmental cost to financial performances, measured by profitability and firm value in Japanese chemical industry during 2012-2015. Examining about this matter in Japan case is suitable since the government has settled guidelines that assist the companies to record and report their activities in environmental preservation. This study focuses on chemical industry in Japan because the industry
has been potential to create hazardous wastes along with its daily businesses. In Japan, the companies are involved in Japan Chemical Industry Association (JCIA) that initiates international environmental programs called Responsible Care. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses 27 chemical companies listing in Japan
Exchange Group (JPX) first section during 2013-2015 periods or 81 company-year. Environmental data is taken from the websites of the each company. Independent variable of this study is environmental cost, measured by the amount of environmental costs spent by the companies as stated in their annual sustainability reports. There are five dependent variables, i.e. Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Price to Earnings Ratio (PER), and Tobin’s Q. The author then runs five times regression analysis to examine whether environmental costs affect five dependent variables. Findings: The results show that: 1) environmental cost is negatively affecting ROA; 2) environmental cost has no effect on ROE; 3) environmental cost is negatively affecting NPM; 4) environmental cost has no effect on PER; 5) environmental cost is influencing Tobin’s Q negatively. Research/practical implications: This study helps to determine whether the company could take benefit from financing environmental activities. Managers should acknowledge that if the companies spend greater costs on environmental programs, it might deteriorate the profitability measured by ROA and NPM. The costs could decline
Tobin’s Q, the proxy for firm value, as well. Originality/value: The results allow readers to grasp that environmental financing affects profitability measured by ROA and NPM, instead of ROE. This study fills the gap of profitability and firm value indicators which are significantly affected by firms’ strategies on environmental programs
Blue Economy Sebagai Strategi China Dalam Belt And Road Initiative Maritime
No full textMaritime strategy is not just a marine warfare strategy, but can be used as a commercialization effort of a country such as improving the economy. The Chinese government has a project to revive the Maritime Silk Road by connecting sea shipping lanes from coastal China to the rest of the world covering the continents of Asia, Europe, Africa and America which aims to facilitate China's International Trade access to the Global Market. In an effort to revive the Maritime Silk Road, the Chinese Government uses the Maritime Belt and Road Initiative as their effort to revive and expand the route. The Belt and Road Initiative Maritime uses the concept of Blue Economy as the Chinese Government's strategy in cooperating with partner countries in the success of the Belt and Road Initiative Maritime. The Blue Economy concept is used by the Chinese Government in the Belt and Road Initiative Maritime because it utilizes the sea in their International Trade. Blue Economy is a concept in maritime that utilizes the sea as a means of improving a country's economy. In addition, the Chinese Government uses the Blue Economy to preserve the oceans to utilize the potential of the sea so that it can be used sustainably. In this research, the author will explain how China uses Blue Economy in the Belt and Road Initiative Maritime project.
Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative Maritime, Blue Economy, International Trade.Strategi maritime bukan hanya sekedar strategi peperangan dilautan, akan tetapi dapat digunakan sebagai upaya komersialiasi suatu Negara seperti meningkatkan perekonomian. Pemerintah Cina memiliki proyek menghidupkan Jalur Sutra Maritime untuk dengan menghubungkan jalur pengiriman laut dari pesisir Cina ke seluruh dunia meliputi benua Asia, Eropa, Afrika, dan Amerika yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah akses Perdagangan Internasional Cina ke Pasar Global. Dalam upaya menghidupkan Jalur Sutra Maritime, Pemerintah Cina menggunakan Belt and Road Initiative Maritime sebagai upaya mereka dalam menghidupkan Kembali dan memperluas jalur tersebut. Belt and Road Initiative Maritime menggunakan konsep Blue Economy sebagai strategi Pemerintah Cina dalam melakukan kerja sama dengan Negara – negara mitra dalam mensukseskan Belt and Road Initiative Maritime. Konsep Blue Economy digunakan oleh Pemerintah Cina dalam Belt and Road Initiative Maritime karena memanfaatkan laut dalam Perdagangan Internasional mereka. Blue Economy merupakan konsep dalam kemaritiman yang memanfaatkan laut sebagai sarana meningkatkan perekonomian suatu Negara. Selain itu, Pemerintah Cina menggunakan Blue Economy guna menjaga kelestarian lautan untuk memanfaatkan potensi laut agar dapat digunakan secara berkelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan menjelaskan bagaimana Cina menggunakan Blue Economy dalam proyek Belt and Road Initiative Maritime .
Kata kunci : Belt and Road Initiative Maritime, Blue Economy, Perdagangan Internasional
Kisah Ḥadīṡ al-Ifki dalam Al-Qur’an Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Qur’ān Ibn ‘Āsyūr
Get PDFCases of fake news have occurred since ancient times, where this act was pioneered by the Devil who made up false information and deceived Prophet Adam so that he was expelled from heaven. From here, fake news continues to grow and has several times affected righteous people such as Juraij, Siti Maryam and Siti 'Āisyah. In this modern era, fake news seems to be public consumption and many members of the public play a role as the main actors and masterminds of this act. Departing from this phenomenon, the author wants to examine the fake news story that happened to Siti ‘Āisyah and was immortalized by Allah in QS. an-Nūr: 11-22. The focus of the study in this article is how the fake news story (ḥadīṡ al-ifki) happened to Siti ‘Āisyah and what maqāṡid is contained in it. Maqāṡid approach used is maqāṡid al-Qurān Ibn 'Āsyūr. The article concludes that the Qur'ānic maqāṣid contained in the hadīth of al-ifki is correcting beliefs and guiding to the right path, moral improvement, establishing religious rulings (in this context, the prohibition of making false news) both general and specific, and giving advice both in the form of warnings and good news
Evaluasi Kebijakan Program Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) di Desa Glagahan Kecamatan Perak Kabupaten Jombang
Get PDFNon-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) is food assistance that is distributed non-cash from the government to Beneficiary Families (KPM) every month, through an electronic account mechanism that is used only to buy food at places that have collaborated with association banks. However, in its implementation, BPNT still reaps many problems and obstacles. This study aims to determine the Policy Evaluation of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Glagahan Village, Perak District, Jombang Regency. The type of research used by the author in this study is descriptive qualitative. The data sources of this research are primary data sources which are obtained from research informants and secondary data sources obtained from books, journals, and documents related to this research. Then the data collection techniques used in this study were interviews with purposive sampling method, direct observation (non-participants), and documentation with related data. In addition, the data analysis technique used is using interactive data analysis. As well as the validity of the data used in qualitative research, namely credibility (degree of trust), Transferability (transferability), Dependability (standard dependence), Confirmability (certainty). The results of this study found that the implementation of BPNT in Glagahan Village in its implementation was considered not optimal and overall good. It can be seen that in the aspects of efficiency, leveling, responsibility, and accuracy, the implementation is considered good and appropriate. Unfortunately, the effectiveness is assessed that the method of socialization and monitoring has not been carried out properly. In addition, in the aspect of focus on adequacy, BPNT is considered to be able to only provide limited benefits because the assistance received is not sufficient until the next period of assistance
KEBIJAKAN PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN OBAT TABLET BERDASARKAN KLASIFIKASI ABC-VED
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui email [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Terima kasi
