1,720,955 research outputs found
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pelet dari Limbah Sayuran dan Kepala Ikan Teri Sebagai Pakan Alternatif Lele
No full textOPTIMASI PROSES PEMBUATAN BRIKET BIOMASSA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI GUNA MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN (Optimization of Biomass Briquettes Production Process Using Taguchi Method)
Get PDFABSTRAK
Permasalahan yang dihadapi pembuat dan pengguna briket adalah briket yang dihasilkan kualitasnya rendah ditinjau dari nilai kalor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan kualitas briket terbaik dari limbah biomassa dalam memenuhi kebutuhan bahan bakar alternatif rumah tangga yang murah dan ramah lingkungan guna mewujudkan masyarakat mandiri energi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan kualitas briket adalah metode Taguchi. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah tekanan pengepressan, waktu penahanan, model cetakan, suhu pengeringan, lama pengeringan dan komposisi bahan, sedangkan variabel terikat adalah nilai kalor briket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas briket terbaik ditinjau dari nilai kalor tertinggi yaitu pada setting parameter A2B1C2D2E2F1, artinya tekanan pengepressan 225 kg/cm2, waktu penahanan 5 menit, model cetakan sarang tawon (kotak), suhu pengeringan 60 °C, lama pengeringan 3 hari, perbandingan limbah jarak pagar : arang sekam : arang tempurung kelapa : perekat adalah 5 : 3: 2 : 1. Rata-rata nilai kalor biobriket yang dihasilkan sebesar 5.323 kal/g. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa briket mempunyai nilai kalor yang tinggi dan memenuhi SNI, sehingga briket layak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan bakar alternatif yang ramah lingkungan.
ABSTRACT
Problems that encountered on manufacturers and users of briquettes is low quality of the briquettes in terms of heat value. The aim of this research is to determine the best quality of the briquette which is made from biomass waste. The briquette is expected to be used to fulfill the need of inexpensive and environmentally friendly of alternative household fuel, by which the energy independent community could be realized.The method used to determine the quality of the briquette is Taguchi method. The independent variables involved are compressive strength, holding time, mold model, drying temperature, drying time and material composition. The dependent variable is the highest heat value of the briquette. The results show that based on the highest heat value, the best briquette quality is parameter setting of A2B1C2D2E2F1, which means that the compressive strength is 225 kg/cm2, the holding time is 5 minutes, the mold model is honeycomb of box, drying temperature is 60 °C, drying time is 3 days and the ratio of Jatropha Curcas waste : rice husk charcoal : coconut shell charcoal : adhesive is 5 : 3: 2 : 1. The average heat value of briquette is 5,323 cal/g. This matter the briquettes show that high heat value and feasible of recommendation by SNI, and so briquette decent to fulfill the need of environment friendly alternative fuel
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Rekayasa Pembuatan Pakan Ternak Tambahan Berbahan Baku Limbah Pertanian dan Perkebunan untuk Mengurangi Konsentrat : Pemanfaatan dan Pengolahan Limbah Pertanian dan Perkebunan sebagai Pakan Ternak Mentok di Kttsr Boyolali
No full textPermasalahan yang terjadi pada Kelompok Tani Ternak Sumber Rejeki (KTTSR) di Gondangrawe, Kecamatan Andong Kabupaten Boyolali adalah tingginya harga pakan ternak, sehingga banyak peternak yang merugi. Mitra ini telah melakukan pembesaran dan penggemukan ternak mentok. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa rekayasa pembuatan pakan ternak tambahan yang ekonomis dan bergizi berbahan baku limbah pertanian dan perkebunan untuk mengurangi penggunaan konsentrat/pakan pabrik. Metode kegiatan dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan dan pengolahan limbah pertanian dan perkebunan yang dimiliki mitra, selanjutnya digiling menjadi serbuk dan difermentasi sebagai pakan tambahan ternak. Limbah yang digunakan antara lain: kulit kacang tanah, jerami, tongkol jagung dan gedebog pisang. Dalam upaya menambahkan kadar gizi pakan ternak, maka ditambahkan limbah teri sebagai protein hewani. Tahapan pembuatan pakan ternak mentok sebagai berikut: 1) penggilingan limbah menjadi serbuk, 2) melarutkan Suplemen Organik Cair (SOC) dan gula pasir dan diamkan selama 24 jam; 3) serbuk limbah dicampurkan dengan bekatul (5%) dan konsentrat(5%); 4) aduk adonan tersebut hingga homogen; 5) semprotkan larutan SOC-HCS dan gula pasir (no 1) dengan perbandingan: 16 liter air : 20 ml SOC : 125 ml tetes tebu; 6) aduk kembali hingga homogeny; 7)masukkan adonan ke dalam drum penampungan yang kedap udara dan tutup rapat; 8) tunggu selama 1 hari dan pakan fermentasi sudah siap dikonsumsi ternak mentok. SOC-HCS merupakan suplemen khusus ternak yang berfungsi menambah nafsu makan ternak, menambah bobot, meningkatkan antibodi, menyuburkan sel telur pada unggas dan meningkatkan kualitas daging. Luaran yang dihasilkan dalam kegiatan pengabdian adalah pakan ternak mentok yang ekonomis dan bergizi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ekonomi, biaya pakan lebih efisien sebesar Rp. 24.759.000/300 ekor mentok/5 minggu. Dengan kata lain terdapat penurunan biaya pakan ternak mentok sebesar 73,5%. Dengan demikian ketersediaan pakan ternak tambahan dapat meningkatkan.kesejahteraan mitra KTTSR
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
