162 research outputs found
Land-Use Land-Cover Dynamics of Malam Aminu Kano and Murtala Mohammed International Airports in Nigeria
No full textThe increasing demand for efficient transport systems has necessitated airports to evolve into modern facilities in line with global best practice, coupled with the competition over scarce resources have altered the land cover in many airports around the world. This study examines the Land-use and Land-cover (LULC) dynamics of Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (MAKIA) and Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) in Nigeria from 1982 to 2022. Using a combination of multispectral Landsat imagery and high-resolution satellite data, the research evaluates the extent of land conversion driven by infrastructure expansion, cropland development, and population growth using supervised classification. The results reveal significant reductions in forest cover and grasslands, with infrastructure and cropland as primary drivers. At MMIA, forest cover decreased by 29%, while cropland expanded by over 1,000%. MAKIA recorded a 43% loss in cropland, largely replaced by infrastructure. The findings highlight the environmental trade-offs of airport development, particularly the decline in vegetation and biocapacity, which pose sustainability challenges. This study emphasizes the need for policy interventions, such as vertical infrastructure expansion and reforestation, to mitigate the ecological impacts of airport growth. The research contributes valuable understandings into the interplay between aviation development and land use changes in Nigeria
Awareness and Implications of Aircraft Noise on the Airport Staff of Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport Kano, Nigeria
No full textNoise pollution, operationally defined as 'unwanted sound', has become an environmental contaminant of massive proportions. Noise causes annoyance, frustration, impediment to learning, and general stress. Of all present-day sources of noise, the noise from surface transportation, above all that from road vehicles, is the most diffused and difficult to control. Aircraft, industrial noise, noisy neighbours, and their pets are other familiar sources of noise aggravation. Noise pollution is a harmful environmental impact of sound, which, by its nature, volume, or duration, is likely to have health effects.This research aims to measure the noise level within the Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport, examine the effects of aircraft noise on employees, assess the awareness level of workers on the impact of aircraft noise, and determine the level of compliance with safety standards.This study examined the implications and awareness of aircraft noise at the Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (MAKIA). The noise level within the five selected locations was measured. A noise meter was used to measure the noise at the new fire station, old fire station, international terminal building, domestic terminal building, and main apron. Primary and secondary data were used; fifty questionnaires were randomly distributed to staff from the fire department, aviation security, ground handlers of the Nigerian Aviation Handling Company (NAHCO) and Skyway Aviation Handling Company Plc (SAHCO), airfield staff of the operations department, and airliners. The data obtained from the noise meter were analyzed using the mean noise level, whereas descriptive statistics and simple percentages were used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire.The level of staff awareness of aircraft noise implications due to prolonged exposure and safety regulations was determined. The noise produced within the study area is between 65 and 98 decibels. Seventy-four percent of the responders think that aircraft noise is a nuisance, with more than 50% aware of the implications of noise exposure. In contrast, only 24% have experienced some of the effects of aircraft noise, such as headache, cardiovascular loss, and hearing loss. It was discovered that employers are not providing enough safety kits for their employees, and most staff do not undergo safety training and are not aware of any laws regulating noise. In conclusion, staff need training on noise pollution, its effects, and ways to reduce health implications
Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
No full textThe existence of internal threat, political instability and arms importation has led to the rise in defence expenditure in Nigeria. Whether defence expenditure, with or without threat has a benign or malign impact on the economic growth, is a matter that needs rigorous academic investigation. The objective of this study include examining the impacts of defence expenditure on economic growth in the presence of threats, political instability and arms importation in Nigeria. It also examines the impacts of defence research and development, defence components on the Nigeria`s economic growth. In addition it examines the asymmetric causal relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria. Using the robust Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model, and asymmetric causality approach. The results reveal that defence expenditure-internal threat and defence-political instability interactions both have positive and significant impacts on economic growth. On the contrary, it reveals that defence arms import interaction has a significant and negative impact on growth in Nigeria. However, the impact of defence Research and Development on economic growth it is not significant as a result of insufficient funding. The result furthermore found that the causation between defence expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria is unidirectional from defence to economic growth. This implies that defence expenditure stimulates growth during the time of threat and civil unrest. The study recommends a revisit on the funding of defence sector in Nigeria. The current defence budget is grossly inadequate for the defence, considering the threats in Nigeria since it independence and recent threats such as the “Boko Haram” and Niger Delta Militancy among others. Regarding the defence R&D, proper funding, as well as management should be considered on Defence Industrial Cooperation of Nigeria to avoid over dependence on foreign source
Sectorial Analysis of the Impact of Aviation Transport on Nigerian Economy: A Study of Four Selected International Airports (2003-2015)
No full textThis study examined the impact of aviation sector on economic growth in Nigeria using four selected international airports activities namely; Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Ikeja, Lagos; Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport, Kano; Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja; and Port Harcourt International Airport, Port Harcourt between 2003-2015. The study employed error correction model in analyzing the model specified in the study. The result revealed positive connection amid the explained variable LGDP and explanatory variables; Passanger Traffic and Aircraft Movement for all the considered airports which are all in compliance with the apriori expectation. All the explanatory variables except passenger traffic and aircraft movement of Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport were significant in explaining economic growth in Nigeria. While the error correction term, ECMt-1 with a high feedback of 84% has the expected negative sign and presented the rate at which disequilibrium will be adjusted back to equilibrium which also showed the existence of a strong relationship between the aviation sectors’ activities and economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends that government should ensure continuous supervision of the activities of aviation sector so as to increase their services of connecting people, goods and services which in turn will create more economic value leading to economic growth and improve aviation infrastructures for a competitive advantage to that of other countries
Structural Analysis and Optimization A Must in Spacecraft Projects
No full textAn efficient weight reduction and improved stiffness requirements of a practical spacecraft Trainsat-1 satellite are presented, utilizing abound high efficient method used in MSC. Nastran. Numerical example was also given to test the validity of the software in spacecraft application
Language, Teaching and Attrition: A Study on Selected Teachers Who Left the Profession
No full textNigeria is a country with over 520 different languages, the multitude nature of languages is making instructions so difficult in Schools, particularly in North-Central Nigeria where they have students with different language background attending the same school. The difficulty of smooth teaching in this kind of situation is leading to attrition among teachers. This study examines the situation of selected teachers in Niger State, Nigeria, who left the teaching profession as a result of difficulty in teaching their students, whom they said cannot efficiently understand the official language of instruction (English). The teachers highlighted their main reason of leaving the profession which is mainly associated with language problem among students, they added that, the massive failure of students in the final examination has a link with the student’s inability to understand what the teachers are teaching because of their poor background in English language. The paper recommends the use of one major local language (Hausa) in teaching the students, this will make learning easy and students will efficiently comprehend instructions from their teachers, which may go a long way in reducing attrition.Keywords: Language, Teaching, Attritio
Wavelet Attention VGG19 and XGBOOST for Classification of Skin Disease
No full text<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This research paper introduces a novel framework for skin disease classification, combining Wavelet Attention VGG19 and XGBoost algorithms. Wavelet Attention VGG19 leverages the power of deep learning and wavelet attention mechanisms to extract discriminative features from skin lesion images, while XGBoost, a gradient boosting technique, complements the feature extraction capabilities with its ability to handle complex data relationships. The integration of these methodologies aims to improve accuracy and resilience in binary skin disease classification. The two goals of this study are to first improve feature learning and representation from skin lesion images by introducing wavelet attention into the VGG19 architecture, and second to improve classification performance by utilising XGBoost's ensemble and generalisation capabilities.</p>
<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Wavelet Attention, Xgboost, deep learning, convolutional neural network, skin disease classification, VGG19.</p>
<p><strong>Title:</strong> Wavelet Attention VGG19 and XGBOOST for Classification of Skin Disease</p>
<p><strong>Author:</strong> Samaila Audu, Ali Ahmad Aminu</p>
<p><strong>International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research</strong></p>
<p><strong>ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online)</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vol. 11, Issue 4, October 2023 - December 2023</strong></p>
<p><strong>Page No: 5-13</strong></p>
<p><strong>Research Publish Journals</strong></p>
<p><strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong></p>
<p><strong>Published Date: 07-October-2023</strong></p>
<p><strong>DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8416714">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8416714</a></strong></p>
<p><strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong></p>
<p><strong><a href="https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/wavelet-attention-vgg19-and-xgboost-for-classification-of-skin-disease">https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/wavelet-attention-vgg19-and-xgboost-for-classification-of-skin-disease</a></strong></p>International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research, ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
ACCESSIBILITY AND UTILISATION OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS IN BAYERO UNIVERSITY KANO LIBRARY
No full textBayero University Kano has some Assistive Technology tools, but barriers like, malfunctioning or outdated devices are evident, and if these barriers persist, students with visual impairments may remain deprived in their academic work, which undermines the university’s commitment to equity and inclusive education for all. This study investigated the accessibility and utilisation of assistive technologies (AT) among students with visual impairments at the Bayero University Kano Library A mixed-method research design was adopted, combining quantitative data from structured questionnaires (10 respondents), and qualitative data from interviews with six (6) respondents and observations. Findings revealed that there are assistive technologies available such as screen readers, braille translators, magnifiers, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software, their accessibility and usability remain limited. Students disagreed that the technologies effectively addressed their needs or improved independent access to resources. The results also indicated inadequate awareness and lack of sufficient training. Respondents strongly emphasised the need for training to improve usage of the Assistive technologies. Barriers identified include difficulties in using the Assistive technologies, insufficient facilities, limited staff support, and the distance of the library from lecture venues. The study concludes that availability of assistive technologies is insufficient without training, maintenance, and institutional support. The study recommends that university should ensure training, user involvement in evaluating technologies, and policy interventions to ensure equitable and inclusive access to academic resources for students with visual impairment, relocating AT facilities closer to lecture venues or establishing satellite service points within academic buildings to reduce distance barrier, collaborate with academic departments to integrate the use of AT into teaching, coursework, and assignments
Economic growth, defence expenditure and threats in Nigeria 1980-2013: Bound co-integration analysis
No full textThe research of Benoit (1973, 1978) has triggered a great deal of research interest on the defense expenditure and growth relationship, however, the findings still remain inconclusive.The variations are attributed largely to the distinctive socioeconomic factors associated with different countries; availability of data, methodological differences, models and diverse econometric techniques employed.Furthermore, studies conducted on this aspect in Nigerian context, concentrate in examining the causal relationship between economic growth and defence expenditure.Recently, the activities of deadly “Boko Haram” and Niger Delta Militant have threatened the country.This research aims at testing the impacts of defense expenditure and threats on economic growth in Nigeria, between 1980 and 2013 on the basis of Aizeman and Glick arguing that defense expenditure in the presence of threats can stimulate economic growth. The study adopts the robust ARDL Model to solve most of the problems associated with Cointegration analysis in the presence of small sample size and mix integration order.The ARDL results revealed that there is significant long run relationship between defence expenditure and threat on economic growth in Nigeria both in the short and long run conditions.The result further indicates bidirectional positive relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria while threat has unidirectional negative impact running from threat to economic growth.One of the policy implication of the study is that the policy makers should revisit the funding of defence sector as the current 0.5% budget is seen as grossly inadequate for the defence sector while considering the internal threats and the global military expenditure trend
The interactional impact of defense expenditure and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria: An autoregressive approach
No full textLittle is done on the empirical analyses of the impact of defense expenditure on arms and economic growth.The few conducted concentrated on developed countries, which are exporters of arms.This study examines the short-run and long-run impact of arms importation on the economic growth in Nigeria, using auto regressive distributed lag model.Literature on defense expenditure and economic growth are often conflicting and inconclusive.These outcomes are due to the non-linear growth effects of defense and incorrect model specifications.The crucial growth effects of defense expenditure can be traced by properly controlling the interaction term.This paper examines the defense-arms interaction on Nigeria in the context of Aizeiman and Glick (2006) models.The result reveals that defense-arms interaction in Nigeria exerts negatively on the economic growth.It therefore recommends that defense R and D as well Defense Industrial Cooperation of Nigeria should be properly financed and managed for efficiency and self-reliability
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