26 research outputs found
Reheating Quenching And Partitioning Microstructures To Modify Phase Fractions
No full textAbstractThe Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) process starts with an austenitization process followed by rapid cooling to a temperature named quenching temperature ranged between the martensite start (Ms) and martensite finish (Mf) temperatures to establish initial fractions of martensite and austenite. Afterwards, the material is reheated to a particular partitioning temperature and for a given time to allow the carbon diffusion from martensite to austenite. Finally, the steel is quenched to room temperature and a fraction of fresh untempered martensite may form from the least stable austenite. The whole process determines the phase fraction of the constituent phases, namely: tempered martensite (M1), retained austenite, and un-tempered martensite (M2). This combination of phases has the potential to simultaneously improve strength and elongation of steels due to their small grain sizes and the transformation-induced plasticity resulting of the transformation of the retained austenite into martensite during a deformation. It is known that the fraction of retained austenite of Q&P steels depends on the quenching temperature, showing a bell-like relation. The volume fraction of retained austenite shows a maximum at a particular quenching temperature somewhat intermediate between the Ms and Mf temperatures, known as the optimum quenching temperature, below and upper which the volume fraction of retained austenite decreases in either way. Recently, it is reported [1] that retained austenite fraction after reheating up to 700oC followed by quench losses its dependency of quenching temperature and reaches a constant value. This can be a manner to further control phase fractions and consequently the mechanical properties of Q&P steels. The mechanisms by which the volume fraction of austenite changes to reach that constant value are not well understood and are the focus of the present study. In the present work, Q&P samples with chemical composition 0.31C-4.58Mn-1.52Si (wt.%) were reheated up to 700oC and quenched directly to compare the retained austenite fractions of reheated and un-reheated (Q&P) samples. It was found that the retained austenite fractions tend to have a constant value after reheating to 700oC followed by quenching, whereas the retained austenite fraction of the Q&P samples showed an optimum value and usual dependency with quenching temperature. It was also observed that the highest and lowest drop of retained austenite occurred in the reheated Q&P samples at 160oC and 80oC of quenching temperature. These samples were reheated to 900oC to have a complete observation of microstructural events by means of dilatometry, optical and electron scanning microscopy, hardness, and X-Ray diffraction measurement. Interrupted reheating was applied to understand the microstructural changes during reheating. The two samples were interruptedly reheated and directly quenched at 450oC, 530oC, 610oC, 720oC, and 740oC to measure the retained austenite fraction and to capture the corresponding microstructure around the observed changes in slope. The retained austenite fractions evolution of both samples were measured and compared. It was found that the decreasing of retained austenite fraction started around the critical temperature of 600oC and remained up to 700oC of reheating temperature. Further reheating process increased the retained austenite fraction. In the specimen showing the lowest drop of retained austenite fraction, retained austenite decomposed by two mechanisms. The first one was the formation of discrete particles of cementite, which originally came from film type austenite. The second was the formation of globular carbides within tempered martensite. On the other hand, river-like patterns were observed surrounding the martensite region. The river-like patterns mainly consist of martensite from new austenite that formed between 720oC and 750oC.In the highest drop of retained austenite fraction sample, retained austenite decomposed by three mechanisms. The first two mechanisms were similar to the previous sample. The last mechanism was the formation of substructure within Martensite-Austenite islands. River-like patterns were also observed surrounding the martensite region, consisting of martensite which originally came from new austenite as a product of (martensite and) carbide transformation that formed between 720oC and 745C and lath martensite which originally came from the unstable austenite forming upon reheating to 740oC.Materials Science and Engineerin
Femme active et femme au foyer dans le woman’s horror film américain des années 2000 : ambivalences, contradictions et impasse post-féministe
No full textLes années 2000 voient la sortie d’un grand nombre de films d’horreur qui sont aussi des woman’s films. Ces oeuvres montrent une femme confrontée à des créatures monstrueuses, souvent d’origine surnaturelle, et à des problèmes spécifiquement féminins, tels que la maternité et le conflit travail/foyer. À travers l’analyse détaillée de deux woman’s horror films de l’époque — The Ring (Gore Verbinski, 2002) et The Others (Alejandro Amenábar, 2001) —, l’auteure se propose de comparer, dans un premier temps, le traitement réservé à la femme active et à la femme au foyer dans leur relation à la maternité et aux rôles de victime, de monstre ou d’héroïne qu’on leur attribue au sein du récit d’horreur. L’ambivalence du discours tenu par le woman’s horror film sur ses personnages principaux féminins est, dans un deuxième temps, mise en relation avec l’émergence du post-féminisme et son influence grandissante sur la culture populaire américaine des années 2000.A large number of horror films were released in the 2000s which were also “women’s films.” These films depict a woman confronted with monstrous creatures, often supernatural in origin, and with specifically female problems, such as motherhood and the work/family clash. Through a detailed analysis of two “woman’s horror films” of the period, The Ring (Gore Verbinski, 2003) and The Others (Alejandro Amenábar, 2001), the author first compares the depiction of active women and stay-at-home women and the role of victim, monster or heroine attributed to them by horror narratives. The ambivalence of the woman’s horror film’s discourse on its leading female characters is then connected to the emergence of post-feminism and its growing influence on popular American culture in the 2000s
Analisis Pasokan Udang di Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Studi Kasus UD Ali Ridho Group)
No full textAbstrak
Udang merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan dengan potensi besar. UD Ali Ridho Group adalah salah satu pemasok udang Windu dan Vannamei di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui arus produk, keuangan, dan informasi serta menganalisa nilai tambah dan tingkat efisiensi pemasaran pada persediaan udang pada UD Ali Ridho Group. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah aliran rantai pasok, metode Hayami nilai tambah, konsep efisiensi dan distribusi margin pemasaran. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ada aliran produk, arus keuangan, dan arus informasi pada rantai pasokan Windu dan Vannamei di UD Ali Ridho Group. Penanganan Windu dan Vannamei pada bulan April 2017 memberikan nilai positif per kg untuk pemasaran ke eksportir udang sebesar Rp3.332,31 dan Rp3.499,38 dan pemasaran ke konsumen ritel sebesar Rp40.332,00 dan Rp23.663,88. Nilai efisiensi pemasaran Windu dan Vannamei pada bulan April 2017 terhadap eksportir adalah 2,25% dan 1,97%.
Kata kunci: efisiensi pemasaran, nilai tambah, rantai pasokan, udang
Abstract
Shrimp is one of the fishery commodities with great potential. UD Ali Ridho Group is one of Windu and Vannamei shrimp supplier in Sidoarjo Regency. This study aims to find out the flow of products, finance, and information as well as analyzing added value and marketing efficiency level on shrimp supply at UD Ali Ridho Group. The research used supply chain flow, Hayami’s value added method, efficiency concept and marketing margin distribution. The results show that there are product flow, financial flow, and information flow in Windu and Vannamei’s supply chain at UD Ali Ridho Group. The handling of Windu and Vannamei in April 2017 gave a positive added value for marketing to shrimp exporters of 3,332.31 IDR and 3,499.38 IDR and marketing to retail consumers of 40,332.00 IDR and 23,663.88 IDR. The value of Windu and Vannamei’s marketing efficiency in April 2017 to exporters was 2.25% and 1.97%.
Keywords: marketing efficiency, shrimp, supply chain, added valu
Large-Scale 2D Dynamic Estimation
No full textI hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. I authorize the University of Waterloo to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize the University of Waterloo to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. ii The University of Waterloo requires the signatures of all persons using or photocopying this thesis. Please sign below, and give address and date. iii Abstract Dynamic estimation, the assimilation of data over time, is an important scientific issue in remote sensing, image processing, and computer vision, to name a few. The main motivation for this thesis is large-scale 2-D dynamic estimation problems related to remote sensing. For such problems, number of variables to be estimated can reach to the order of millions. As a result, direct application of conventional estimation algorithm, i.e., the Kalman filter, becomes totally impractical from two technical aspects: computational and storage demands. In this thesis, we propose a new method for largescale 2-D estimation problems that emulates the Kalman filter, but with more efficient computational and storage demands. Using parameterized error models to model the huge error covariance matrices is the main contribution of this thesis. Under this scope, we develop a new approximate error prediction step and a new approximate large-scale update step. We studied the performance of the proposed method in the context of small synthetic 2-D diffusion processes. In addition, we applied our method to a large-scale remote sensing problem: the estimation of the ocean surface temperature based on sparse satellite measurements
Morphological Variation of Malayopython reticulatus Schneider, 1801) from several population in Indonesia
No full textReticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) is a widely distributed snake covering throughout Southeast Asia and almost all of Indonesia archipelago and divided into several subspecies based on morphological variation and its locality. Morphological variation data of M. reticulatus from Indonesia population has never been done thoroughly. This study aims to determine the morphological variations based on 21 meristic and 3 morphometric characters from several populations in Indonesia. The data was collected from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) Cibinong, Indonesia and other additional collections that are carried out from June to July 2018 and then analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the population grouping. The result showed a high variation on the scale range of anterior prefrontal, posterior prefrontal, frontal, parietal, preocular, postocular, loreal, temporal, upper labial, lower labial, and dorsal scales. Ventral and subcaudal scales in male and female specimens show high variation in the total scale count, the ratio comparison of tl: SVL measurement, indicated the sexual dimorphism. Prefrontal (anterior-posterior) and frontal scales show high variation and difficult to distinguish between each locality at the subspecies level and suggest it to be intra-specific variation. There is no significant grouping were found between populations from data on morphological variation
IMPLEMENTASI TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN HEWAN TERNAK MENURUT PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN KAMPAR NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN DAN PENERTIBAN PETERNAKAN SERTA KESEHATAN HEWAN DI KECAMATAN KUOK KABUPATEN KAMPAR
No full textThis research is motivated by policy implementation that has not been effective and efficient enough because all the conditions and determining factors for policy implementation have not been fully met to support the implementation of a public policy. The cause of a policy not being optimal is the interpretation of a policy’s objectives, resources and consistency. The aim of this research is to find out the extent of implementation and find out what are the factors inhibiting the implementation of the Kampar Regency Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2016 concerning the implementation and control of animal husbandry and animal health, one of which is article 64 paragraph (b) which stipulates that it is prohibited to release/herd livestock in home yards, gardens, tourism locations, sports fields and other places that cause damage. However, the establishment of this Regional Regulation apparently has not been able to change the habits of some breeders in Kuok sub-district, Kampar Regency, because there are still many livestock wandering around in house yards and sports fields which causes damage to breeders who cannot manage it properly in accordance with Kampar Regency Regional Regulation Number 9 2016. In writing this thesis, the author used a type of empirical research that went directly to the field, and used primary data sources. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The results of this research show that the Kampar Regency Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2016 regarding the implementation and control of livestock and animal health has not been maximized. This is proven by the fact that there are still livestock roaming in residential areas and livestock farmers in terms of management are not in accordance with the Kampar Regency Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2016 and the inhibiting factors for this Regional Regulation are communication which has not been optimal in conveying policies and the lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure in implementing the Regional Regulation
Key words: implementation, Regional Regulations, and public polic
EXCLUSIONARY RULE SEBAGAI HAK TERDAKWA DALAM PROSES PERADILAN PIDANA
No full textThe exclusionary rule is basically one of the principles that developed along with the development of criminal evidence law, especially in countries with anglo-Saxon legal traditions. The principle that emphasizes the exclusion or exclusion of evidence obtained unlawfully in the criminal justice process has over time become a procedural element that supports the creation of a fair trial for the Defendant. The right to a fair trial is a right that must be guaranteed by the State and does not only concern the right to be tried by an independent and impartial court. Indonesia as a state of law that tries to balance the public interest in law enforcement with the interests of the suspect or defendant in a fair judicial process unfortunately has not regulated exclusionary rule in its criminal procedural law. In fact exclusionary rule is one of the instruments for recovery in the event of a violation by law enforcement officials, especially in the process of obtaining evidence. Through research conducted using this normative legal research method, the author wants to place the exclusionary rule not only as a principle but also as a defendant's right in the criminal justice process as an inseparable part of the right to a fair trial so that it is urgent to be accommodated in the agenda of procedural law reform. Indonesian crime.The exclusionary rule is basically one of the principles that developed along with the development of criminal evidence law, especially in countries with anglo-Saxon legal traditions. The principle that emphasizes the exclusion or exclusion of evidence obtained unlawfully in the criminal justice process has over time become a procedural element that supports the creation of a fair trial for the Defendant. The right to a fair trial is a right that must be guaranteed by the State and does not only concern the right to be tried by an independent and impartial court. Indonesia as a state of law that tries to balance the public interest in law enforcement with the interests of the suspect or defendant in a fair judicial process unfortunately has not regulated exclusionary rule in its criminal procedural law. In fact exclusionary rule is one of the instruments for recovery in the event of a violation by law enforcement officials, especially in the process of obtaining evidence. Through research conducted using this normative legal research method, the author wants to place the exclusionary rule not only as a principle but also as a defendant's right in the criminal justice process as an inseparable part of the right to a fair trial so that it is urgent to be accommodated in the agenda of procedural law reform. Indonesian crime
Struktur komunitas ordo Anura di lokasi wisata Bedengan desa Selorejo kecamatan Dau kabupaten Malang
No full textAmphibians (Ordo Anura) are part of an ecosystem component that has a very important role. The purpose of the study to analyze the community structure of Anuran in the tourism region of Bedengan, Malang Regency. The data was collected by Visual Encounter Survey (VES) using purposive sampling. Each line transect was divided 2 zone aquatic 300×5 meters in the upper and lower of bridge. The data was collected during the period before the rainy season, early rainy season and the middle of rainy season, during October to December 2018. The data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, relative density and density. The result showed that there were four families of Anuran, Namely: Ranidae, Bufonidae, Microhylidae and Megophrydae. The diversity index in Bedengan was 0.96 which mean low diversity. The density and relative density increased starting from before the rainy, early rainy and during the rainy season, but diversity had fluctuations
The First Record of an Hourglass Toad (Leptophryne borbonica) in The Core Zone of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park and Its Ecological Aspects
No full textLeptophryne borbonica is an amphibian species known for its sensitivity to environmental changes. Within the expansive Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS), new occurrences of L. borbonica have been discovered for the second time in another region of TNBTS (core area in Ireng-Ireng Block, Lumajang). This research provides the newest finding of L. borbonica and insights into the habitat assessment and potential food preferences of L. borbonica within TNBTS. The methodology involved the examination of morphology and meristics in L. borbonica. Habitat assessment and potential food indicated stable values. However, continued vigilance is essential due to vulnerability to volcanic threats
Distribution Record of Leptophryne borbonica (Tschudi, 1838) (Anura: Bufonidae) from Malang, East Java: Description, Microhabitat, and Possible Threats
No full textBromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) which partly located in Malang, East Java, Indonesia holds various kinds of niches that can support the existence of undiscovered amphibian species. We examine a new distribution of the Leptophryne borbonica, Hourglass-toad from an area located on the slopes of the Southwest of Tengger Mountain as well as its ecological implications related to the possibility of habitat threats. The exploration was carried out on January 1st and March 1st, 2019, with the description of morphology data and collecting abiotic parameters such as temperature, humidity, altitude, and habitat preference. The distribution of the species was marked. Any important notable records of the habitat threats are documented. The results showed that the amphibians found were Leptophryne borbonica, and set as a new record on Malang, East Java. We suggested that the isolated distribution is very susceptible to ecological disturbances, future ecotourism development, and habitat destruction that prone to local extinction. Further research and conservation efforts need to be carried out for the sustainability of this species in the observation site
