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Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Proses Siasatan Kematian di Malaysia: Suatu Penilaian Semula
No full textHuman rights are a right that is not only guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, but is also recognized at the international level. Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) has provided protection to an individual to enjoy life and interests as guaranteed by law. The enforcement of coroner’s law must always have the support of responsible parties, especially the government of a country, so that these fundamental rights are always implemented and preserved without any violation. Cases of death in custody, especially those involving misconduct or negligence by the police, prison and hospital, should be given special attention and investigated by the coroner thoroughly as they involve serious violations of human rights. Among the questions that should be considered is the ECHR as a model in a global perspective that outlines the guidelines for this inquest. The domestic legal framework regarding the inquest process needs to be refined with the application of fundamental rights principles that can be applied by coroners in Malaysia. This writing analyzes the application of Article 2 of the ECHR in the legal system of foreign jurisdictions, namely the United Kingdom and Australia, by studying the cases and developments of the latest legal provisions as an example to Malaysia so that coroners can perform their duties with full integrity in seeking the truth through death investigation or an effective and more systematic inquest.
Keywords: Inquests, coroner, human rights, violation, death, criminal justice
Full text: PDFHak asasi manusia ialah suatu hak yang bukan sahaja dijamin oleh Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia, tetapi juga pada peringkat antarabangsa. Artikel 2 Konvensyen Hak Asasi Manusia Eropah (ECHR) telah memberikan suatu perlindungan kepada seseorang individu untuk menikmati hidup berserta kepentingan yang dijamin oleh undang-undang. Penguatkuasaan undang-undang koroner haruslah sentiasa mendapat sokongan daripada pihak bertanggungjawab, terutamanya pemerintah sesebuah negara agar hak asasi ini sentiasa diterapkan dan dipelihara tanpa sebarang pencabulan. Kes kematian dalam tahanan, terutamanya yang melibatkan salah laku atau kecuaian pihak polis, pihak penjara dan pihak hospital haruslah diberi perhatian khusus dan disiasat oleh koroner secara menyeluruh kerana melibatkan pencabulan hak asasi yang serius. Antara persoalan yang harus dipertimbangkan termasuklah berkenaan ECHR sebagai suatu model dalam perspektif global yang menggariskan panduan berkenaan inkues ini. Kerangka perundangan domestik berkenaan proses inkues perlu dimurnikan dengan penerapan prinsip hak asasi yang boleh diaplikasi oleh koroner di Malaysia. Penulisan ini menganalisis aplikasi Artikel 2 ECHR dalam sistem perundangan bidang kuasa luar, iaitu United Kingdom dan Australia, dengan mengkaji kes dan perkembangan peruntukan undang-undang terkini sebagai suatu contoh bagi Malaysia agar koroner dapat melunaskan tugasnya dengan penuh integriti ketika mencari kebenaran melalui siasatan kematian atau inkues yang efektif dan lebih sistematik.
Kata kunci: Inkues, koroner, hak asasi manusia, pencabulan, kematian, keadilan jenayah
Teks penuh: PD
Urgensi Pengaturan Hukum Carbon Trading Dalam Kerangka Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia
Full text linkClimate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. As a country with the third largest tropical forest in the world and a significant carbon emitter, Indonesia plays a strategic role in global greenhouse gas emission reduction efforts. Carbon trading has emerged as an innovative market instrument to promote efficient emission reductions. However, the legal regulation of carbon trading in Indonesia is still partial and lacks a comprehensive legal framework. This paper examines the urgency of establishing integrated carbon trading legal regulation within Indonesia's environmental law framework, analyzes existing regulations, identifies legal vacuums (rechtvacuum), and formulates policy recommendations. The research method used is normative juridical with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results show that Indonesia needs a specific law on carbon trading that comprehensively regulates cap-and-trade mechanisms, voluntary carbon markets, registry systems, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Strong regulation will provide legal certainty for investors, encourage green investment, and accelerate Indonesia's transition to a low-carbon economy
Pelaksanaan Undang-undang Pengawalan Penyakit Berjangkit dan Pematuhan Tatacara Pengendalian Piawai Sepanjang Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan
No full textAkta Pencegahan dan Pengawalan Penyakit Berjangkit 1988 (Akta 342) dan Akta Polis 1967 dalam usaha melandai lekuk kes sepanjang pandemik. Penulisan ini mengkaji kesediaan kerajaan dalam mendepani kesan pandemik COVID-19 dan respons perundangan oleh masyarakat dalam mematuhi undang-undang norma baharu. Kerajaan perlu cekap dalam bertindak balas terhadap pandemik dengan menguatkuasakan polisi yang berkesan dan merangka pelan yang efektif dalam menghentikan penularan wabak COVID-19. Ini adalah untuk mengawal kesihatan awam dalam mengambil pendekatan sosial melalui campur tangan undang-undang yang berasaskan sains berkaitan dengan penyebaran penyakit berjangkit. Objektif bagi penulisan ini adalah untuk meneliti pelaksanaan undang-undang pengawalan penyakit berjangkit dan pematuhan tatacara pengendalian piawai sepanjang perintah kawalan pergerakan. Kajian undang-undang tulen digunakan bagi mencapai objektif kajian yang dinyatakan di atas. Kajian bersifat doktrinal menggunakan kaedah kualitatif di mana kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis undang-undang dengan mendalam mengenai kedudukan Akta 342 sebagai satu perundangan yang mengawal pandemik COVID-19 daripada merebak di dalam Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa kekaburan undang-undang iaitu melalui pelaksanaan tatacara pengendalian piawai (SOP) yang tidak tetap, pelan tindakan kecemasan yang tidak teliti, kelalaian dalam mematuhi SOP dan kegagalan menganalisis punca masalah. Oleh hal yang demikian, penulisan mencadangkan supaya lebih peka dengan menggubal undang-undang yang lebih tegas dalam menetapkan sesuatu peraturan baharu agar seiring dengan matlamat undang-undang sedia ada, adil dan tidak menindas masyarakat. Segala pelan tindakan dan perangkaan undang-undang yang dilakukan oleh perlulah berdasarkan sains supaya pendekatan yang diambil berkesan dalam menghentikan penularan wabak penyakit di dalam negara
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mediasi sebagai kaedah penyelesaian dalam pertikaian pentadbiran harta pusaka untuk Undang-undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia
Full text linkINKUES KEMATIAN KANAK-KANAK DALAM JAGAAN: PERBANDINGAN ANTARA MALAYSIA DAN AMERIKA SYARIKAT
Full text linkArtikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan tatacara siasatan kematian kanak-kanak yang mati sewaktu dalam jagaan, siapakah yang terlibat serta peranan pihak-pihak yang terlibat sewaktu siasatan dijalankan. Artikel ini juga akan mengupas aspek prosidur yang terkandung dalam Seksyen 334 Kanun Acara Jenayah (Akta 593) serta Arahan Amalan KHN Bil. 2 Tahun 2019 dan perbandingan akan dibuat ke atas tatacara siasatan kematian kanak-kanak yang mati dalam jagaan di Amerika Syarikat. Seterusnya, artikel ini akan turut mengenal pasti kelemahan yang wujud dalam siasatan kematian di negara Malaysia dan seterusnya mencadangkan penambahbaikan kepada tatacara amalan yang sedia ada. Kajian ini dihasilkan dengan menganalisis pelbagai teks seperti kes-kes, statut, jurnal, dan buku-buku
Timbang Tara dan Pengantaraan: Penyelesaian Pertikaian Alternatif untuk Permasalahan Kewangan Islam di Malaysia
No full textIslamic finance is a financial system that operates according to Islamic principles. Some of the features found in the Islamic banking system are similar to those of the conventional banking system from the aspect of capital markets, fund managers, investment companies, and insurance companies. However, if there is a dispute related to Islamic finance, the parties involved will be referred to the courts. Nevertheless, the legal position in Malaysia indicates that any dispute arising in connection with Islamic financial transactions will be the jurisdiction of the civil courts and not the syariah court. Progress through the courts usually takes a long time and at high cost. Therefore, this study will identify alternative dispute resolution mechanisms for parties to resolve disputes without going to court. The method of alternative dispute resolution is seen as a solution that emphasizes the reduction of cost, time and expense to achieve progress in the field of Islamic finance. The study also provides brief information about some of the alternative dispute resolution methods (arbitration and mediation) in terms of features and their importance in resolving disputes relating to the Islamic financial system in Malaysia.
Keywords: Islamic finance, alternative dispute resolution, arbitration and mediationKewangan Islam merupakan sistem kewangan yang beroperasi mengikut prinsip syariah. Ciri-ciri yang terdapat dalam sistem perbankan Islam menyerupai sistem perbankan konvensional, iaitu dari aspek pasaran modal, pengurus dana, syarikat pelaburan, dan syarikat insurans. Lantaran itu, sekiranya terdapat pertikaian yang berkaitan dengan kewangan Islam berlaku, pihak-pihak yang terlibat akan merujuk mahkamah untuk memperoleh penyelesaian. Namun begitu, kedudukan undang-undang di Malaysia menunjukkan bahawa apa-apa pertikaian yang timbul berkaitan dengan urus niaga kewangan Islam akan menjadi bidang kuasa mahkamah sivil dan bukannya dalam bidang kuasa mahkamah syariah. Proses penyelesaian melalui mahkamah selalunya akan mengambil masa yang lama dan memerlukan kos yang tinggi. Oleh hal yang sedemikian, kajian ini akan mengenal pasti mekanisme penyelesaian pertikaian alternatif (PPA) bagi pihak-pihak untuk menyelesaikan pertikaian mereka tanpa perlu pergi ke mahkamah. Penyelesaian pertikaian alternatif dilihat sebagai kaedah yang menekankan aspek pengurangan kos, masa dan perbelanjaan bagi mencapai penyelesaian dalam bidang kewangan Islam. Kajian ini turut menyediakan maklumat secara ringkas mengenai penyelesaian pertikaian alternatif, iaitu timbang tara dan pengantaraan, dari segi ciri-ciri dan kepentingannya dalam penyelesaian pertikaian berkaitan dengan sistem kewangan Islam di Malaysia.
Kata kunci: Kewangan Islam, penyelesaian pertikaian alternatif, timbang tara, pengantaraa
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