12 research outputs found
Fables de La Fontaine: Une Anthologie proposée par Benoit Marchon
No full textHere are forty-three fables presented by an artist I have enjoyed twice elsewhere. The book's unusual shape (6½ x 10¾) is the first clue that it is going to present traditional material in a fresh way. Almost every presentation involves two pages and clever positioning of a few key images. GA (10-11) presents an ant with a sack of grain on his back marching across the page above a grasshopper moving upwards with a guitar on his back: character, load, and direction are all different. FC presents a cheese with its owner's name struck through and changed from Corbeau to Renard (12-13). WS shows a stork with a scissors for a head beside an x-ray of a wolf's digestive tract with the bone lodged down the throat (22-23). The spilt milk of MM is blotting out drawings of hens, pig, and cow (30-31). The surreal style fits the approach perfectly. Sometimes I have no idea why an object is presented the way Jarrie presents it; other times it is perfect. The bull in OF holds the frog by a tether as though the latter were a helium-filled balloon (32-33). Maybe best of all is The Rat and the Elephant (50-51). The elephant is segmented to make room for the text. Between the elephant's legs, mostly hidden from us, a cat reaches out a paw for the minuscule rat under the elephant's big belly. For sheer fun, try The Lion Defeated by a Man (78-79). The book has a place-holding ribbon, a short life of both La Fontaine and of Jarrie, and a helpful glossary of unusual language in the fables. This book fulfills its rear cover's promise of a fresh entry into a fabulous zoological park. Bravo, Jarrie!This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: FrenchJean de La Fontaine; Benoit Marcho
Leakage Characteristics of Dual-Cannula Fenestrated Tracheostomy Tubes during Positive Pressure Ventilation: A Bench Study
No full textThis study compared the leakage characteristics of different types of dual-cannula fenestrated tracheostomy tubes during positive pressure ventilation. Fenestrated Portex® Blue Line Ultra®, TRACOE® twist, or Rüsch® Traceofix® tracheostomy tubes equipped with nonfenestrated inner cannulas were tested in a tracheostomy-lung simulator. Transfenestration pressures and transfenestration leakage rates were measured during positive pressure ventilation. The impact of different ventilation modes, airway pressures, temperatures, and simulated static lung compliance settings on leakage characteristics was assessed. We observed substantial differences in transfenestration pressures and transfenestration leakage rates. The leakage rates of the best performing tubes were <3.5% of the delivered minute volume. At body temperature, the leakage rates of these tracheostomy tubes were <1%. The tracheal tube design was the main factor that determined the leakage characteristics. Careful tracheostomy tube selection permits the use of fenestrated tracheostomy tubes in patients receiving positive pressure ventilation immediately after stoma formation and minimises the risk of complications caused by transfenestration gas leakage, for example, subcutaneous emphysema
O Livro-Jogo como recurso pedagógico para o ensino de Matemática: uma reflexão sobre contextualização
No full textNo meio acadêmico encontramos diversos artigos que exploram estratégias inovadoras no ensino de matemática, destacando o crescente interesse em
métodos lúdicos e gamificação. O livro-jogo é um jogo narrativo interativo em que o leitor jogador interfere diretamente na história. Nessa perspectiva, os livros-jogo
se oferecem como uma boa opção para a aplicação em contextos educacionais em que se espera que o ensino de matemática seja acionado. Existe também uma
considerável quantidade de trabalhos dedicados à interpretação textual e letramento matemático, evidenciando a busca por abordagens mais acessíveis e
aplicáveis no contexto educacional. Entretanto, é notória a escassez de produções que investigam o potencial educativo específico dos livros-jogos representando
uma lacuna que merece maior atenção e pesquisa na área educacional. Nesse sentido, este trabalho de conclusão de curso (TCC) tem como objetivo desenvolver
um estudo inicial sobre a produção de livros-jogo, os elementos que permeiam essa produção. Apresentamos a dinâmica da produção de um livro-jogo: sua estrutura,
modo e etapas da concepção e produção do jogo, além das ferramentas necessárias. Tomando como base a produção, pelo autor, do livro-jogo “Aventuras
Matemáticas no Mundo Mágico dos Druidas”, desenvolve-se um processo reflexivo, apresentando críticas e sugestões na confecção de livros-jogos para ensino,
utilizando questões construídas antes e durante a produção deste TCC.In the academic world, we find several articles that explore innovative strategies in
the teaching of mathematics, highlighting the growing interest in ludic methods and
gamification. The game-book is an interactive narrative game in which the player
player directly interferes with the story. From this perspective, game-books are
offered as a good option for application in educational contexts in which it is
expected that the teaching of mathematics will be triggered. There is also a
considerable amount of work dedicated to textual interpretation and mathematical
literacy, evidencing the search for more accessible and applicable approaches in
the educational context. However, there is a notable scarcity of productions that
investigate the specific educational potential of game-books, representing a gap that
deserves greater attention and research in the educational area. In this sense, this
course completion work (TCC) aims to develop an initial study on the production of
game-books, the elements that permeate this production. We present the dynamics
of the production of a gamebook: its structure, mode and stages of the conception
and production of the game, as well as the necessary tools. Based on the
production, by the author, of the game-book "Mathematical Adventures in the
Magical World of the Druids", a reflective process is developed, presenting criticisms
and suggestions in the making of game-books for teaching, using questions built
before and during the production of this TCC.47 f
Imported Inflation 1973-74 and the Accommodation Issue
No full textThe purpose of the present study is to measure the amount of price increase that the proposals for accommodation required in 1973—74. Presumably such an estimate of the amount could be made in time to act on it. Whether accommodation is a desirable policy is not addressed here. Consistently followed, it would result in a higher long-run rate of inflation, because there are not likely to be nearly enough episodes of deflationary accommodation to offset the inflationary ones. Notwithstanding the appeal in the short run to accept inflationary fait accompli in order to avoid prolonged economic slack, one may have strong reservations about the long-run consequences on expectations of following such a policy.
As concepções de cultura nas teses de etnomatemática: uma presença ausente
No full textEste texto apresenta uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com caráter bibliográfico como
um Estado da Arte. Nela, nos propusemos a realizar uma revisão de estudos, com o objetivo de
analisar as concepções de cultura presentes nas teses em etnomatemática concebidas sob as
vertentes da etnografia e defendidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação Brasil, no período de
1992 e 2019. A coleta do material empírico foi realizada no Catálogo de Teses da CAPES. O
levamento das teses, a delimitação da pesquisa física e temporal, os níveis do estudo e as
categorias operacionais foram baseados nas elaborações teórico-metodológicos desse tipo de
levantamento bibliográfico. O foco desta pesquisa consiste em analisar e relacionar as possíveis
concepções/noções de cultura no escopo da área da pesquisa em etnomatemática de
características etnográficas e suas relações com a concepção de etnomatemática assumida pelo
autor da tese. Esta pesquisa está embasada metodologicamente em autores envolvidos em
estudos bibliográficos e estado da arte (Adriano Freitas, Joana Romanowski, Romilda Ens,
Wagner Palanch) e nas análises do material coletado sob as bases teóricas de autores
comprometidos com a Análise de Conteúdo (Laurence Badin, Thiago Castro, Daniel Abs, Jorge
Sarriera). Os autores que nos referenciaram teoricamente pelos campos da Antropologia e
Etnografia (Clifford Geertz, François Laplantine, Luiz Gonzaga de Mello, Marcio D’Olne ) e
finalmente os autores estudiosos das concepções de Cultura ( Clifford Geertz, Roque Laraia,
Zygmunt Bauman). Mesmo nas pesquisas escolhidas para este estudo apontavam para
concepções de cultura que não dialogavam com seus pares metodológicos.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoThis text presents a research with a qualitative approach with a bibliographic character as a
State of the Art. In it, we proposed to carry out a review of studies, with the objective of
analyzing the conceptions of culture present in the theses in ethnomathematics conceived under
the strands of ethnography and defended in the Graduate Programs Brazil, in the period of 1992
and 2019. The collection of empirical material was carried out in the CAPES Thesis Catalog.
The survey of theses, the delimitation of the physical and temporal research, the study levels
and the operational categories were based on the theoretical-methodological elaborations of this
type of bibliographic survey. The focus of this research is to analyze and report the possible
conceptions/notions of culture in the scope of the research area in ethnomathematics of
ethnographic characteristics and their relations with the conception of ethnomathematics
assumed by the author of the thesis. This research is methodologically based on the authors of
the material collected under the theoretical bases of authors committed to Content Analysis
(Laurence Badin, Thiago Castro, Daniel Abs, Jorge Sarriera). The authors who referenced us
theoretically in the fields of Anthropology and Ethnography (Clifford Geertz, François
Laplantine, Luiz Gonzaga de Mello, Marcio D'Olne ) and finally the authors who study the
conceptions of Culture (Clifford Geertz, Roque Laraia, Zygmunt Bauman) . Even in the
research chosen for this study, they pointed to conceptions of culture that did not dialogue with
their methodological peers.139 p
Fotojornalismo em revista: o fotojornalismo em O Cruzeiro e Manchete durante os governos Juscelino Kubitschek e João Goulart
No full textThe photojournalism is responsible for one of the major changes in the press since its emergence. As a result of the introduction and incorporation of the moving image into people s daily life, thanks to the movies, for the first time image and news became blended, forming a new language, the photojournalism. In this experience will be settled all future
relations between ima ge and news, especially in the television. Since its emergence, in Germany during the Weimar Republic, this new language has promoted a unique transformation in means of communication and finds its privileged space in illustrated magazines.
In Brazil, the photojournalism arrived through the pages of the illustrated magazine O Cruzeiro that remained the absolute leader in the market until the end of the 50 s when Manchete starts to gain space, without ever reaching the success its competitor had in the past. This work compares the editorial line and the photojournalism published in these two illustrated magazines during the government of Juscelino Kubitschek and of João Goulart. It is in this short period that social, economical and political changes that were taking shape since the end of the Old Republic emerge and it can be discerned a real possibility of transformation through the two models of capitalism that come one after another in the government.
The following questions are posed: What image of the nation these two magazines try to build? What profile of the Brazilian they portrait? What interests are at stake at that moment and to what point these magazines can appropriate the journalistic discourse to convey their version in the consolidation of a national identity? And who is the author of
those photographs? With what instruments he/she works with? And which was his/her relationship with these means?O fotojornalismo é responsável por uma das maiores transformações na imprensa desde seu surgimento. Resultado, graças ao cinema, da introdução e incorporação da imagem
em movimento no cotidiano das pessoas, pela primeira vez imagem e notícia se amalgamam, formando uma linguagem nova, o fotojornalismo. Nesta exper iência vão estar assentadas todas as futuras relações da imagem com a notícia, em especial a televisão. Desde o seu surgimento esta nova linguagem vai promover uma inusitada transformação nos meios de comunicação e encontrar seu espaço privilegiado nas revistas ilustradas. No Brasil o fotojornalismo chega pelas páginas da revista ilustrada O Cruzeiro que se
mantém líder absoluta no mercado até o final da década de 1950, quando Manchete começa a ganhar espaço, sem entretanto alcançar jamais o sucesso que a concorrente tivera no passado. Este trabalho se debruça sobre estas duas revistas ilustradas comparando sua linha editorial e o fotojornalismo nelas publicados durante os governos Juscelino Kubitschek e João Goulart. É neste curto período que afloram as mudanças sociais, econômicas e políticas que vinham tomando corpo desde o fim da república velha e se vislumbra a real possibilidade de transformação, através dos dois modelos de capitalismo que se sucedem no governo. Qual imagem de nação estas revistas buscam construir? Qual é a figura do brasileiro que elas retratam? Que interesses estão em jogo neste momento e até que ponto estas revistas podem se apropriar do discurso fotojornalístico para veicular a sua versão na consolidação da identidade nacional? E quem é o autor destas fotografias, com que instrumentos exerce sua função e qual era a relação dele com estes meios
Patient Safety Culture at the Family Health Strategy units in Alagoas
No full textThe present study had as object the Patient Safety Culture in the Family Health Strategy. Scientific advances provide progress in the treatment of various diseases, but health care users are still vulnerable to errors in care. In this scenario, Patient Safety is one of the pillars of health quality that seeks to minimize incidents. The objective of this study was to identify the perception of the Patient Safety Culture in the Family Health Strategy units in Alagoas. This is an exploratory-descriptive cross-sectional study of the Survey type, quantitative. After approval by the Committee of Ethics in Research with Human Beings of the Federal University of Alagoas under the CAAE protocol number: 64203616.8.0000.5013, data collection was performed with two instruments, one for characterization of the sample constructed by the author and the Questionnaire of Attitudes of Safety adapted and validated by Carvalho 2011, occurred in the months of March to November 2017. The collection sites were 59 units of Family Health Strategy, 33 in the Municipality of Maceió and 26 in Arapiraca. Medical professionals, nurses, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nursing technicians, community health agents, dentists, oral health aides, directors, administrative staff, social workers participated in the study. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0. Qualitative variables were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies and for the mean and standard deviation quantitative variables. The normality test used was Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov. We used bivariate inferential statistics (Student's t-test) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). For the establishment of statistical significance p was considered <0.05 for a 95% confidence interval between the data found. Of the universe of 1976 professionals, 749 (37.84%) accepted, refused 438 (22.1%), eliminated 717 (36.2%) and sample loss was 72 (3.6%). The female gender was highlighted in 587 (78.4%), married 416 (55.5%), age group ranged from 28 to 47 years 491 (65.7%) and work in the middle level position 573 (76.5 %). In Maceió, professionals completed the course for 10 years, 217 (52.2%) and 245 (56.8%) specialization, in Arapiraca, the professionals who finished their undergraduate studies in less than 4 years 74 (38.3%). and has no specialization 140 (58.8%), and 659 (90.5%) work in the affinity area. In the evaluation of the patient's safety climate from the perspective of professionals in the Alagoas Family Health Strategy, domains that presented positive values were job satisfaction (82,45), teamwork climate (78,34), perception of (77.39) and Q-33 to 35 (85.50), and exposed negative scores in the following domains: safety climate (71.45), stress perception (67.93) and work condition (64.59 ) and Q 36 (37.67). The factors that influence these values are related to satisfaction, collaboration of professionals, communication, variations of culture and management conditions. The Score for Patient Safety Culture is only an indirect indicator that allows to evaluate aspects in the health scenarios, when they present negative scores they need more vigilance and operationalization of actions with the intent to improve the organizational culture. In the context of assessing the patient safety climate in each municipality, different results were found for safety culture. Therefore, make possible positive culture from the offer of working conditions for professionals in quantity and quality, permanent education, work process organization in a vertical and horizontal way and insert service evaluation models. Invest in the potentialization of collaborative and participatory work, in communication, in the promotion of improvement through the implementation of protocols and team management, as well as in the notifications of errors.FAPEAL – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de AlagoasO presente estudo teve como objeto a Cultura de Segurança do Paciente na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Os avanços científicos proporcionam progressos no tratamento de diversas doenças, porém os usuários dos serviços de saúde ainda estão vulneráveis aos erros provenientes da assistência. Nesse cenário, a Segurança do Paciente se configura como um dos pilares da qualidade da saúde que busca minimizar os incidentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a percepção da Cultura de Segurança do Paciente nas unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família em Alagoas. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo transversal do tipo Survey, quantitativo. Após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, sob o número de protocolo CAAE: 64203616.8.0000.5013, realizou-se a coleta de dados com dois instrumentos, sendo um para caracterização da amostra construído pelo autor e o Questionário de Atitudes de Segurança adaptado e validado por Carvalho 2011, ocorrida nos meses de março a novembro de 2017. Os locais de coleta foram 59 unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família, sendo 33 no Município de Maceió e 26 em Arapiraca. Participaram do estudo profissionais médicos, enfermeiros, farmacêuticos, técnico em farmácia, técnicos de enfermagem, agentes comunitários de saúde, dentistas, auxiliares de saúde bucal, diretores, administrativos e assistentes sociais. A análise dos dados foi realizada com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 21.0. Para análise das variáveis qualitativas, utilizou-se frequências absolutas e relativas, e para as quantitativas, média e desvio-padrão. O teste de normalidade empregado foi Shapiro-Wilk e Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Utilizou-se a estatística inferencial bivariada (Teste t de Student) e análise de variância (ANOVA). Para o estabelecimento da significação estatística, foi considerado p valor < 0,05 para um intervalo de confiança de 95% entre os dados encontrados. Do universo de 1976 profissionais, aceitaram participar 749 (37,84%), recusaram 438 (22,1%), eliminados 717 (36,2%) e a perda amostral foi de 72 (3,6%). O sexo feminino teve destaque com 587 (78,4%), casados 416 (55,5%), a faixa etária variou de 28 a 47 anos 491(65,7%) e atuam em cargo de nível médio 573 (76,5%). Em Maceió, 217 (52,2%) profissionais concluíram o curso em média há 10 anos e 245 (56,8%) têm especialização. Em Arapiraca, os profissionais que finalizaram a graduação há menos de 04 anos foram 74 (38,3%), 140 (58,8%) não possuem especialização e 659 (90,5%) atuam na área de afinidade. Na avaliação do clima de segurança do paciente na perspectiva dos profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Alagoas, os domínios que apresentaram valores positivos foram satisfação no trabalho (82,45), clima de trabalho em equipe (78,34), percepção de gestão (77,39) e Q-33 a 35 (85,50), e expôs pontuação negativa nos domínios: clima de segurança (71,45), percepção do estresse (67,93) e condição de trabalho (64,59) e Q 36 (37,67). Os fatores que influenciam nesses valores estão ligados à satisfação, colaboração dos profissionais, comunicação, variações de cultura e condições de gestão. A pontuação para Cultura de Segurança do Paciente é apenas um indicador indireto que permite avaliar aspectos nos cenários de saúde. Estes, quando apresentam escores negativos, necessitam de maior vigilância e operacionalização de ações com o intento de melhorar a cultura organizacional. No contexto de avaliação do clima de segurança do paciente em cada município, foram encontrados resultados distintos para cultura de segurança. Portanto, viabilizar uma cultura positiva a partir da oferta de condições de trabalho para os profissionais em quantidade e qualidade, educação permanente, organização do processo trabalho de maneira vertical e horizontal e inserir modelos de avaliação do serviço. Investir na potencialização do trabalho colaborativo e participativo, na comunicação, na promoção de melhoria através da implantação de protocolos e gestão de equipe, bem como nas notificações dos erros
Morbidity and mortality after anaesthesia in early life: results of the European prospective multicentre observational study, neonate and children audit of anaesthesia practice in Europe (NECTARINE)
No full textBackground: Neonates and infants requiring anaesthesia are at risk of physiological instability and complications, but triggers for peri-anaesthetic interventions and associations with subsequent outcome are unknown.
Methods: This prospective, observational study recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. The primary aim was to identify thresholds of pre-determined physiological variables that triggered a medical intervention. The secondary aims were to evaluate morbidities, mortality at 30 and 90 days, or both, and associations with critical events.
Results: Infants (n=5609) born at mean (standard deviation [sd]) 36.2 (4.4) weeks postmenstrual age (35.7% preterm) underwent 6542 procedures within 63 (48) days of birth. Critical event(s) requiring intervention occurred in 35.2% of cases, mainly hypotension (>30% decrease in blood pressure) or reduced oxygenation (SpO2 <85%). Postmenstrual age influenced the incidence and thresholds for intervention. Risk of critical events was increased by prior neonatal medical conditions, congenital anomalies, or both (relative risk [RR]=1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.28) and in those requiring preoperative intensive support (RR=1.27; 95% CI, 1.15-1.41). Additional complications occurred in 16.3% of patients by 30 days, and overall 90-day mortality was 3.2% (95% CI, 2.7-3.7%). Co-occurrence of intraoperative hypotension, hypoxaemia, and anaemia was associated with increased risk of morbidity (RR=3.56; 95% CI, 1.64-7.71) and mortality (RR=19.80; 95% CI, 5.87-66.7).
Conclusions: Variability in physiological thresholds that triggered an intervention, and the impact of poor tissue oxygenation on patient's outcome, highlight the need for more standardised perioperative management guidelines for neonates and infants
Difficult tracheal intubation in neonates and infants. NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE): a prospective European multicentre observational study
No full textBackground: Neonates and infants are susceptible to hypoxaemia in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to analyse interventions related to anaesthesia tracheal intubations in this European cohort and identify their clinical consequences.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of tracheal intubations of the European multicentre observational trial (NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe [NECTARINE]) in neonates and small infants with difficult tracheal intubation. The primary endpoint was the incidence of difficult intubation and the related complications. The secondary endpoints were the risk factors for severe hypoxaemia attributed to difficult airway management, and 30 and 90 day outcomes.
Results: Tracheal intubation was planned in 4683 procedures. Difficult tracheal intubation, defined as two failed attempts of direct laryngoscopy, occurred in 266 children (271 procedures) with an incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 5.8% (95% CI, 5.1-6.5). Bradycardia occurred in 8% of the cases with difficult intubation, whereas a significant decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2<90% for 60 s) was reported in 40%. No associated risk factors could be identified among co-morbidities, surgical, or anaesthesia management. Using propensity scoring to adjust for confounders, difficult anaesthesia tracheal intubation did not lead to an increase in 30 and 90 day morbidity or mortality.
Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate a high incidence of difficult tracheal intubation in children less than 60 weeks post-conceptual age commonly resulting in severe hypoxaemia. Reassuringly, the morbidity and mortality at 30 and 90 days was not increased by the occurrence of a difficult intubation event
Ventilation strategies and risk factors for intraoperative respiratory critical events and postoperative pulmonary complications in neonates and small infants: a secondary analysis of the NECTARINE cohort☆
No full textBackground: Optimal ventilation strategies and use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in neonates and small infants undergoing anaesthesia remain unclear. We examined the association of perioperative ventilation strategies and administration of NMBAs on respiratory adverse events in the NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) cohort. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of NECTARINE, which included infants up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures. The primary endpoint was the association between ventilation mode and intraoperative respiratory adverse events. Secondary endpoints were use of NMBA, and 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Results: The dataset comprised 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Pressure-controlled ventilation was the primary ventilation modality, accounting for 52.4% (n=3428) of cases. The incidence of intraoperative respiratory critical events was 20.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19.7–21.7%), while PPCs were observed in 17% of cases (95% CI 16.0–18.1%). Preanaesthesia respiratory conditions and NMBA use after tracheal intubation were associated with higher incidence of PPCs. Of the children receiving NMBAs, reversal was reported in 29.8%. The absence of reversal was associated with a higher incidence of PPCs, with a relative risk of 1.50 (95% CI 1.17–1.93). Conversely, NMBA reversal was associated with a reduced relative risk of 0.43 (95% CI 0.26–0.70). Conclusions: Regardless of ventilation strategy used, mechanical ventilation and baseline respiratory conditions were risk factors for a greater incidence of adverse respiratory events and PPCs. Reversal of NMBAs before tracheal extubation was significantly associated with reduced PPCs in neonates and should be routine clinical practice. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02350348)
