125,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
AIDS and the gender gap in life expectancy in Africa
No full textIn sub-Saharan Africa, the majority of people living with HIV are women. Yet the number of AIDS-related deaths in this region is higher among men and the gender gap in life expectancy has expanded in recent years. Bruno Masquelier and Georges Reniers explain the reasons behind this paradox
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Recensie van Juliette MASQUELIER, Femmes catholiques en mouvements. Action catholique et émancipation féminine en Belgique francophone (1955-1990)
No full textRecensie: Masquelier, Juliette, Femmes catholiques en mouvements. Actions catholique et émancipation féminine en Belgique francophone (1955-1990) (Brussels: Éditions de l’Université de Bruxelles, 2021, Genre(s) et Sexualité(s) collectie), 415 p
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Differences in the epidemiology of out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths
No full textBackgroundTrauma is a leading cause of mortality. Holistic views of trauma systems consider injury as a public health problem that requires efforts in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. However, the performance of trauma systems is commonly judged on the in-hospital mortality rate. Such a focus misses opportunities to consider all deaths within a population, to understand differences in in-hospital and out-of-hospital trauma deaths and to inform population-level injury prevention efforts. The aim of this study was to provide an epidemiological overview of out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths in a geographically-defined area over a 10-year period.MethodsWe performed a population-based review of out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths over the period of 01 July 2006 to 30 June 2016 in Victoria, Australia, using data from the National Coronial Information System and the Victorian State Trauma Registry. Temporal trends in population-based incidence rates were evaluated.ResultsOver the study period, there were 11,246 trauma deaths, of which 71% were out-of-hospital deaths. Out-of-hospital trauma deaths commonly resulted from intentional self-harm events (50%) and transport events (35%), while in-hospital trauma deaths commonly resulted from low falls (≤1 metre) (50%). The incidence of overall trauma deaths did not change over the study period (incidence rate ratio 0.998; 95%CI: 0.991, 1.004; P = 0.56).ConclusionsOut-of-hospital deaths accounted for most trauma deaths. Given the notable differences between out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths, monitoring of all trauma deaths is necessary to inform injury prevention activities and to reduce trauma mortality. The absence of a change in the incidence of both out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths demonstrates the need for enhanced activities across all aspects of injury prevention.</div
Crystal Chemistry of NaxMM'(PO4)3 Nasicon Electrodes (M,M' = V, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cr)
No full textInternational audiencePolyanionic materials (phosphates in particular) are of special interest as positive electrodes for Li-Ion or Na-ion batteries since they offer competitive electro-chemical performances compared to sodiated or lithiated transition metal oxides [1,2]. They are based upon stable 3D frameworks, which provide long-term structural stability and demonstrate a unique variety of atomic arrangements in their crystal structures. Recent electrochemical and structural investigations of vanadium-based phosphate compounds (LiVPO4O-LiVPO4F, Na3V2(PO4)2F3, Na3V2(PO4)3 .....) revealed promising perspectives [3-6].The NASICON structural family with its large panel of compositions, NaxMM'(PO4)3 (0 < x < 4 ; M,M' = Ti, Fe, V, Cr, Mn) is among the most widely investigated, due to its specific three-dimensional framework structure, stable long-term cycling ability and high Na+ mobility [1, 7]. Among them, the vanadium phosphate Na3V2(PO4)3 [8] is of particular interest. The crystal chemistry of these compositions is very rich and we will present several new structures that we determined, from pristine powders or for intermediate compositions spotted by operando X-Ray diffraction.By substitution of Vanadium with Aluminum, towards the new composition Na3AlV(PO4)3, a higher operating voltage is reached at 3.9 V vs. Na/Na+ for the V4+/5+ redox couple [9]. Similar phenomena were spotted for Na3FeV(PO4)3 and Na2TiV(PO4)3 [10-11]. Recently, Mn2+ was used as a substituting ion to enhance the capacity of the Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials [12-13]. Single phase Na4MnV(PO4)3 powders were synthesized and studied structurally and electrochemically in details. Na4MnV(PO4)3 can be charged at 156 mAh/g towards the new composition NaMnV(PO4)3 but tricky redox phenomena were spotted thanks to operando XAS spectroscopy and apparent structural irreversibility occurs when vanadium is oxidized from V4+ to V5+. Even more recently, we succeeded in synthesizing Fe-substituted Na4FeV(PO4)3 that allows the reversible extraction of close to 3 Na+ (for two transition metals). We will report on its crystal structure and on that of Na3FeV(PO4)3 for which new Na+ order-disorder phenomena have been spotted [14].[1] C. Masquelier, L. Croguennec ; Chemical Reviews, 113(8), 6552-6591 (2013)[2] P. Adelhelm, M. Casas-Cabanas, L. Croguennec, I. Hasa, A. Koposov, S. Mariyappan, C. Masquelier, D. Saurel, J. Power Sources, 482, 228872 (2021)[3] E. Boivin, J. N. Chotard, C. Masquelier, L. Croguennec, Molecules, 26(5), 1428 (2021)[4] T. Broux, F. Fauth, N. Hall, M. Bianchini, T. Bamine, J.-B. Leriche, E. Suard, D. Carlier, L. Simonin, C. Masquelier & L. Croguennec, Small Methods, 3, 1800215 (2019)[5] F. Chen, V. Kovrugin, R. David, J. N. Chotard, O. Mentré, F. Fauth & C. Masquelier, Small Methods, 3, 1800218 (2019)[6] B. Singh, Z. Wang, S. Park, G. Sai Gautam, J.N. Chotard, L. Croguennec, D. Carlier, A. K. Cheetham, C. Masquelier & P. Canepa, J. Mater. Chem. A, 9(1), 281-292 (2021)[7] C. Delmas, A. Nadiri and J. L. Soubeyroux, Solid State Ionics, 28–30, 419–423 (1988)[8] J.N. Chotard, G. Rousse, R. David, O. Mentré, C. Masquelier, Chem. Mater., 27(17),5982-5987 (2015)[9] F. Lalère, V. Seznec, M. Courty, J. N. Chotard & C. Masquelier, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3, 16198-16205 (2015)[10] F. Lalère, V. Seznec, M. Courty, J. N. Chotard & C. Masquelier, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 6654-6659 (2018)[11] W. Zhou; L. Xue; X. Lü; H. Gao; Y. Li; S. Xin; G. Fu; Z. Cui; Y. Zhu; J. B. Goodenough, Nano letters, 16 (12) (2016)[12] F. Chen, V. Kovrugin, R. David, J. N. Chotard, O. Mentré, F. Fauth & C. Masquelier, Small Methods, 1800218 (2018)[13] M. Zakharkin, O. Drozhzhin, I. Tereshchenko, D. Chernyshov, A. Abakumov, E. Antipov, K. Stevenson, Appl. Energy Materials, 1(11), 5842 (2018)[14] S. Park, J. N. Chotard, D. Carlier, I. Moog, M. Courty, M. Duttine, F. Fauth, A. Iadecola, L. Croguennec, C. Masquelier, Chem. Mater., submitted (2021
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