326,894 research outputs found
Maghette, fancy idols e campioni olimpici. Gli anime giapponesi nella TV per ragazzi dell’Italia degli anni ’80
No full textMass communication’s history has been exposed to numerous revolutions in the late 70’s and early 80’s: new TV shows, channels, technologies and disciplines examining the relationship between culture and media appeared. In those years European countries, especially Italy, imported a massive amount of Japanese cartoons and broadcasted them on private networks. Several scholars and experts have named this phenomenon anime boom. By shortly summarizing political, economical, social and technological events that occurred in Italy in the 80’s, such as the establishment to produce new TV programs expressively dedicated to children and young adolescent (the so-called children’s TV), the article analyses two anime’s genres very popular in that decade, majokko anime (with magic little girls) and spokon anime (with sports’ champions). The article aims to examine those genres, their narratives, characters, modes and imageries they contributed to create, and to demonstrate their pedagogic qualities that have influenced the sensitivity and behaviours of thousands of children. Economic reasons, indeed, pushed the purchase of Japanese cartoons in the beginning, however the educational value and the attention to characters’ psychology made their success incomparable among Italian children in the 80’s
La validazione linguistica e culturale di uno strumento di valutazione per l’analisi della sicurezza e del clima di lavoro in sala operatoria
No full textSafety culture in the operating theatre is only systematically assessed with validated instruments in a few settings: the aim of the study is to adapt the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire OR Version (SAQ-OR) to the Italian context. The Italian-translated version was tested on 48 workers and a group of experts for face and content validity [Content Validity Index (I-CVI); Scale Validity Index (S-CVI)]; internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach\u27s Alpha; stability test-retest was evaluated with Pearson\u27s index. Fifty-six out of fifty-nine items were considered clear by at least 80% of the sample: unclear items were re-evaluated. Eight items had I-CVI less than the threshold of 0.8, and were reevaluated. S-CVI = 0.9; Cronbach\u27s Alpha = 0.95; Pearson\u27s index = 0.861. The linguistic-cultural adaptation into Italian of the SAQ-OR is a starting point for testing its construct validity.
La cultura della sicurezza in sala operatoria viene misurata sistematicamente e con strumenti validati solo in poche realtà: a tale scopo, l’obiettivo dello studio è adattare al contesto italiano il Safety Attitudes Questionaire OR Version (SAQ-OR). La versione tradotta in italiano è testata su 48 operatori e su un gruppo di esperti, ricercando la validità di facciata e di contenuto [indice di Validità del Contenuto (I-CVI); indice di Validità della Scala (S-CVI)]; l’affidabilità della consistenza interna con Alpha di Cronbach; la stabilità dell’affidabilità con l’indice di Pearson. Cinquantasei dei cinquantanove item sono stati considerati chiari da almeno l’80% del campione: gli item non chiari sono stati rivalutati. Otto item presentavano I-CVI minore della soglia di 0.8, e sono stati riesaminati. S-CVI = 0.9; Alpha di Cronbach = 0,95; indice di Pearson = 0,861. L’adattamento linguistico-culturale in italiano del SAQ-OR rappresenta un punto di partenza per verificarne la validità di costrutto.
 
Interpreting the transmission windows of distant quasars
No full textWe propose the Apparent Shrinking Criterion (ASC) to interpret the spatial
extent, R_w, of transmitted flux windows in the absorption spectra of high-z
quasars. The ASC can discriminate between the two regimes in which R_w
corresponds either to the physical size, R_HII, of the quasar HII region, or to
the distance, R^max_w, at which the transmitted flux drops to =0.1 and a
Gunn-Peterson (GP) trough appears. In the first case (HR regime), one can
determine the IGM mean HI fraction, x_HI; in the second (PR regime), the value
of R_w allows to measure the local photoionization rate and the local
enhancement of the photoionization rate, Gamma_G, due to nearby/intervening
galaxies. The ASC has been tested against radiative transfer+SPH numerical
simulations, and applied to 15 high-z (z>5.8) quasars sample from Fan et al.
(2006). All sample quasars are found to be in the PR regime; hence, their
observed spectral properties (inner flux profile, extent of transmission
window) cannot reliably constrain the value of x_HI. Four sample quasars show
evidence for a local enhancement (up to 50%) in the local photoionization rate
possibly produced by a galaxy overdensity. We discuss the possible
interpretations and uncertainties of this result
Stakeholders’ engagement and decision-making process: methodologies and techniques to assess strategies towards a Just Circular Economy
No full textThe transition to a CE is now a necessary step to address pressing environmental challenges such as climate change, resource depletion and biodiversity loss. Consequently, it is of growing interest to characterise decision support methods that can guide analysts towards more sustainable investment choices. However, despite increasing research efforts, the literature on economic-environmental assessments and decision-making processes related to CE is still limited and fragmented. Current visions of the circular economy are narrowly focused on economics and technology, while there is an apparent lack of reflection on political and socio-cultural dimensions as well as justice issues (social, environmental and gender). In this context, stakeholders’ involvement, which to date is passive and unstructured, becomes a key factor for the transition to a socially conscious circular economy. Therefore, this contribution intends to address the issue of the still marginal stakeholder involvement at all stages of the decision-making process.
This paper has a twofold aim. First, we provide a brief overview of existing research on methods and techniques for the economic, environmental, and multi-criteria evaluation of strategies for the transition to the CE, highlighting their limitations and strengths. Secondly, we outline a methodological approach that can support decision-makers: (i) in assessing the economic and socio-environmental performance of a single CE strategy; (ii) in selecting the most sustainable CE alternatives, considering the targets of the different stakeholder groups involved. In other terms, we propose a methodological framework, structured in different steps, to identify the stakeholders and apply integrated indicators to evaluate the CE strategies and their impacts (environmental, economic, and social). This methodological approach not only represents a valuable tool for policy makers, but also becomes necessary to promote shared decision-making processes within the CE transition
Binary white dwarfs and decihertz gravitational wave observations: From the Hubble constant to supernova astrophysics
No full textContext. Coalescences of binary white dwarfs represent a copious source of information for gravitational wave interferometers operating in the decihertz band. Moreover, according to the double degenerate scenario, they have been suggested to be possible progenitors of supernovae (SNe) Type Ia events.
Aims. In this paper we discuss the detectability of gravitational waves emitted by the inspiral of double white dwarfs. We focus on the constraints that can be derived on the source’s luminosity distance, and on other binary’s parameters, such as the angular momentum orientation.
Methods. We explore the possibility of coincident detections of gravitational and electromagnetic signals; the latter comes from the observation of the supernova counterpart. Confirmation of the double degenerate scenario would allow one to use distances inferred in the gravitational wave channel to consistently calibrate SNe as standard candles.
Results. We find that decihertz gravitational wave interferometers can measure the luminosity distance with relative accuracy better than 1% for binaries at 100 Mpc. We show how multimessenger observations can put strong constraints on the Hubble constant, which are tighter than current bounds at low redshift, and how they can potentially shed new light on the differences with early-universe measurements
Insights in Urban Resource Management: A Comprehensive Understanding of Unexplored Patterns
No full textIn the last few decades, the rapid urbanisation process has led to an exponential growth of resource use, making increasingly difficult to ensure the principles of sustainability within urban systems. Similar to living organisms, cities have always required resources and energy to survive. However, technological development and population growth have consequently led to increasing urban inflows and outflows, in so deeply altering the relations of cities with the environment as a source and a sink. Examples include the extraction of minerals for built environment and industrial processes providing manufactured goods; the conversion of fossil energy into electricity for buildings and fuel for vehicles; the use of natural resources (e.g., land or water) to support urban expansion activities. In a planet with limited resources, the challenge should not be to find new resources but to improve the way we use them and the lifestyles that they support, or in other words, to plan strategies to generate more value and higher quality of life with fewer inputs. It is well-known that cities depend on imports of external resources; however, they also benefit from internal resources and ecosystem services. Based on this framework, an urgent effort is needed to explore crucial urban issues that have not yet been adequately investigated. A strategic resource management is needed to actually move towards sustainable cities. In particular, a special focus should be placed on: (i) to monitor and properly manage the city's resources and energy systems within the metaphor of “urban metabolism;” (ii) to define innovative approaches, actions and strategies that ensure the sustainable management of non-renewable urban resources; (iii) to protect and restore urban ecosystem services as valuable renewable resources, and finally (iv) to envisage participatory governance processes for the appropriate allocation of resources to the common well-being
Per una qualità diffusa. La valutazione della qualità nei servizi educativi per la prima infanzia in Emilia-Romagna
No full textDal 2010 in Regione Emilia-Romagna è stato promosso un percorso di elaborazione negoziata e sperimentazione di un approccio partecipato alla valutazione della qualità dei servizi educativi per la prima infanzia. La sperimentazione, che ha coinvolto progressivamente i diversi servizi pubblici e privati convenzionati, era finalizzata alla costruzione di un sistema regionale di regolazione della qualità educativa a governance pubblica. Caratteristiche fondamentali dell’approccio valutativo sono il carattere partecipato e la valorizzazione della funzione formativa, la promozione di rapporti di rete e di collaborazione tra i servizi educativi del territorio e il carattere ricorsivo del processo che coinvolge i differenti livelli del sistema regionale dei servizi.
Il libro presenta la struttura del sistema di valutazione e documenta il percorso realizzato attraverso le voci degli attori coinvolti nel processo, ricostruendo, nella prima parte, l’itinerario di lavoro che ha portato alla definizione dell’impianto valutativo, gli assunti teorici, gli elementi metodologici che lo caratterizzano e le modalità e gli esiti dell’attività di monitoraggio della sperimentazione. Nella seconda parte è invece presentato, attraverso il contributo dei rappresentanti dei nove Coordinamenti Pedagogici Provinciali implicati nel processo, il percorso svolto nei differenti territori, mettendo in evidenza alcuni elementi che lo hanno qualificato e connotato localmente. L’ultima parte del volume propone alcune considerazioni di sintesi sul percorso sperimentato, delineandone i possibili sviluppi e approfondendo il rapporto tra valutazione e governance del sistema territoriale dei servizi educativi per la prima infanzia
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