100 research outputs found
Nuorten näkökulmia koulu-uupumuksen ehkäisemisestä, syntyyn vaikuttavista tekijöistä ja kouluterveydenhoitajan käyttämistä auttamismenetelmistä
No full textTIIVISTELMÄ
Oulun seudun ammattikorkeakoulu
Hoitotyön koulutusohjelma, mielenterveys- ja päihdehoitotyön suuntautumisvaihtoehto
Tekijä: Sonja Harja
Opinnäytetyön nimi: Nuorten näkökulmia koulu-uupumuksen ehkäisemisestä, syntyyn vaikuttavista tekijöistä ja kouluterveydenhoitajan käyttämistä auttamismenetelmistä
Työn ohjaaja: Merja Männistö
Työn valmistumislukukausi ja -vuosi: syksy 2012
Sivumäärä: 45 + 4 liitettä
Tämä opinnäytetyö syntyi oman mielenkiintoni pohjalta. Työn tarkoitus oli selvittää nuorten näkökulmia koulu-uupumuksen syntyyn vaikuttavista tekijöistä, keinoista ehkäistä sitä ja kouluterveydenhoitajan roolista koulu-uupumuksen ehkäisemisessä ja uupuneen oppilaan auttamisessa. Työn tavoite oli lisätä tietoa koulu-uupumuksesta. Teoriatiedon avulla koulu ja kouluterveydenhuolto saavat tietoa
koulu-uupumuksesta ja voivat tutkimustulosten perusteella kehittää toimintaansa.
Opinnäytetyön keskeiset käsitteet ovat nuoruus, koulu-uupumus ja kouluterveydenhuolto. Koulu-uupumus jakaantuu sen taustalla oleviin tekijöihin, uupumuksen tunnistamiseen, mittaamiseen ja ehkäisemiseen. Kouluterveydenhuolto koostuu kouluterveydenhuollon tehtävistä, kouluikäisten terveyden edistämisestä, kouluterveydenhoitajan käyttämistä menetelmistä ja laajasta terveystarkastuksesta. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen ja tutkimusmenetelmä eläytymismenetelmä. Tutkimuslomakkeissa oli kaksi kehyskertomusta, joista toisessa eläydytään
koulu-uupuneen ja toisessa ei koulu-uupuneen rooliin. Tutkimukseen osallistui yhteensä 32 yhdeksäsluokkalaista nuorta. Aineisto analysoitiin aineistolähtöisellä sisällönanalyysillä.
Tuloksissa ilmeni, että koulu-uupumukseen vaikuttavat tekijät painottuvat kouluun liittyviin tekijöihin, henkilökohtaisiin tekijöihin ja lepoon liittyviin vaikeuksiin. Esimerkiksi suuri määrä kotitehtäviä, myöhään valvominen ja motivaation puute koulua kohtaan altistavat uupumukselle. Vastaavasti ehkäisevistä tekijöistä korostuvat koulutekijät, terveelliset elämäntavat, henkilökohtaiset tekijät sekä läheisten merkitys. Kouluterveydenhoitaja voi ehkäistä koulu-uupumusta ohjaamalla ja neuvomalla nuorta ja tukemalla nuoren mielenterveyttä. Uupuneen oppilaan auttamisessa hän oli tuen antaja, rohkaisija sekä lisäavun tarjoaja. Terveydenhoitaja tarjosi aikaa esimerkiksi koulukuraattorille tai koulupsykologille. Hän tuki nuoria keskustellen, kuunnellen ja kannustaen sekä vaikeissa tilanteissa auttaen ja rohkaisten. Nuoret kokivat aidon läsnäolon ja kiinnostuksen asioitaan kohtaan tärkeänä.
Jatkokehittämisehdotuksena tutkimuksen voisi toteuttaa laajemmalle joukolle yläasteen oppilaita sekä lukion ja ammattikoulun oppilaille. Teettämällä tutkimuksen opettajille ja/tai kouluterveydenhoitajille tutkimukseen saataisiin uusi näkökulma. Tulevaisuudessa koulu-uupumuksesta voitaisiin tehdä myös yläkoululaisille suunnattu opas.
Asiasanat: nuoret, kouluterveydenhoitaja, koulu-uupumus, ehkäiseminen, auttamismenetelmätABSTRACT
Oulu University of Applied Sciences
Degree Programme in Nursing, Option of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Welfare Work
Author: Sonja Harja
Title of thesis: Prevention, risk factors and school nurse´s helping methods of school burnout from adolescents´ point of view
Supervisor: Merja Männistö
Term and year when the thesis was submitted: Autumn 2012
Number of pages: 45 + 4 appendixes
The inspiration for this thesis came from my own interest on the topic. Objective of the thesis was to find out adolescents´ views on risk factors of school burnout and how
adolescents themselves prevent school burnout. Furthermore, the objective was to find out adolescents´ views on school nurse´s role in preventing school burnout as well as nurse´s role in helping burned-out students. By means of the thesis knowledge of the school burnout grows and both school and school health care can develop their action. As development proposal this research could be made by larger amount of students or by teachers and/or school nurses so there would be a new aspect into the research. In the future could be done a guide book to junior high school students about school burnout.
The theoretic context includes the subjects youth, school burnout and school health care. School burnout consists of the backgrounds and prevention of school burnout and how it can be recognized and measured. School health care contains school health care´s duties, promoting the health of students, helping methods of a school nurse and a wide health examination. This research is qualitative and the research method is method of empathy-based stories. There were two frame stories in research forms: in the first one a student suffered from school burnout, in the second a student did not. Altogether 32 ninth graders participated in the research.
Main results of the thesis were that the main risk factors of school burnout related to school related factors, personal factors and sleeping difficulties, for example a lot of homework, lack of motivation in school and staying awake too late. The main factors that prevent school burnout were school related factors, personal factors, healthy
lifestyle and support from your loved ones. The role of the school nurse in preventing school burnout was to guide and advise students and to support their mental health by listening and talking to them and helping them to solve problems. The nurse helped burned-out students by supporting, encouraging and helping them in difficult situations. The nurse also suggested that they would go to school psychologist or school social worker. To the students it is very important that they will be heard and that the school nurse is truly interested in what they have to say.
Keywords: adolescents, school nurse, school burnout, prevention, helping method
EVALUASI SISTEM AKUNTANSI PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU PADA PT. ISKANDAR INDAH PRINTING TEXTILE SURAKARTA
No full textPT. Iskandar Indah Printing Textile is a company engaged in textiles and
garments. To support and develop the company's main activities PT. Iskandar
Indah Printing Textile designing some systems such as raw material inventory
systems, sales systems, purchasing systems and others. In running their raw
materials, the company should give special attention because it is one source of
continuity of the company to run its business operations.
In evaluating the procurement system and raw material of PT. Iskandar Indah
Printing Textile, author researched with observed and compared between the existing
theories with a system that has been used in that company. According to the author of
the procurement system and the expenditure of raw materials used by the company it is
good enough where there are elements of the accounting system of raw material
purchases and expenditures of the company include, the existence of a clear separation
of functions, the existing authorization of documents, the letter of the purchase order,
use the document duplex. Nevertheless, there is still some weakness among others, the
warehouse is still doing a concurrently function, the warehouse did not have evidence of
receiving the report documents, there is no document to any refund of goods from
production to warehouse parts
Remembering there are still has any weakness that the author discovered during
the conduct of research at PT. Iskandar Indah Printing Textile, the author recommends
that companies should separate the functions of receiving and storage functions, the
warehouse should add one sheet document of receipt of goods to archived reports,
should be made to the evidence warehouse returns (returns of production) so that the
production of archive documents have proof of return goods warehouse
Avaliação da ação citotóxica de cardenolídeos em células tumorais
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Florianópolis, 2015.Os cardenolídeos, tais como digoxina e oubaína, são conhecidos por sua eficácia no tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e como fármacos antiarrítmicos. Recentemente, foram detectadas novas atividades farmacológicas para esses "antigos" fármacos. Tendo em vista o crescente interesse na pesquisa e desenvolvimento desta classe de compostos como potenciais quimioterápicos, frente a diversas linhagens celulares tumorais, o presente trabalho de tese objetivou avaliar os efeitos citotóxicos em células tumorais de três cardenolídeos (glucoevatromonosídeo, digitoxigenina monodigitoxosídeo e convalotoxina), previamente selecionados pela sua potente ação citotóxica. Inicialmente, eles foram avaliados em linhagens celulares tumorais de diferentes origens e todos demonstraram uma potente ação, em concentrações nanomolares, em todas as linhagens testadas, especialmente nas células de tumor de pulmão (A549). Essa linhagem tumoral foi então selecionada para a continuação dos experimentos para detectar o tipo de morte celular causada por esses três cardenolídeos. O glucoevatromonosídeo (GEV), composto mais promissor, também foi investigado em células U937 (linfoma histiolítico). Todos os três causaram bloqueio da fase G2/M, enquanto que a convalotoxina (CON) aumentou o número de células em subG0 do ciclo celular. O GEV foi capaz de inibir a expressão de importantes proteínas relacionadas ao ciclo celular, como ciclina B1 e p53 em A549. Ainda, esse composto causou bloqueio em subG0 em células U937, demonstrando um efeito dependente do tipo celular. O efeito de morte celular causado pelo GEV também foi tipo celular dependente, já que foi observada morte celular pela ação de caspases nas células U937 e independente da ação das caspases em células A549. A digitoxigenina monodigitoxosídeo não apresentou efeito significativo de morte celular em células A549. A CON aumentou o número de núcleos picnóticos e células Anexina-V positivas, configurando morte celular apoptótica. Alem disso, os três compostos foram capazes de inibir a migração e invasão celulares, em células A549, bem como de reduzir a expressão das proteínas: MMP2, MMP9 e FAK (proteína de adesão focal), que são essenciais no processo de metástase. Além disso, o GEV foi capaz de inibir a expressão de importantes cinases, geralmente super expressas em células tumorais. O conjunto desses dados sugere que estes compostos, especialmente o GEV, podem ser considerados candidatos promissores para o desenvolvimento de uma forma farmacêutica a ser usada no tratamento do câncer de pulmão.Abstract : Cardenolídeos such as ouabain and digoxin are known for their efficacy in treating congestive heart failure as antiarrhythmic drugs. Recently, new pharmacological activities have been found (antiviral and antitumor) to these "old" drugs. Given the growing interest in research and development of this group of compounds, as potential chemotherapeutic agents, this work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects on tumor cells of three cardenolides (glucoevatromonoside, digitoxigenin monodigitoxoside and convallatoxin) previously selected for its potent cytotoxic action. Initially, they were screened in tumor cell lines of different origins and all of them showed potent action at nanomolar concentrations in all cell lines tested, particularly in lung tumor cells (A549). This cell line was then selected for further investigation to detect the kind of cell death caused by these three cardenolides. Glucoevatromonoside (GEV) was the most promising compound, and also investigated in U937 cells (histiocytic lymphoma). All these compounds block G2/M phase, whereas the convallatoxin increased the number of cells in subG0 phase. GEV was able to inhibit the expression of important proteins related to cell cycle, such as Cyclin B1 and p53. Beyond that, this compound caused cell cycle blockage in subG0 phase in U937 cells, demonstrating dependent cell type effect. The effect of cell death caused by GEV was also cell type dependent. In U937 cells, GEV showed a caspase dependent cell death while it is independent of caspase in A549 cells. Digitoxigenin monodigitoxoside did not show a significant percentage of cell death in A549 cells. Convallatoxin increased the number of pyknotic nuclei and Annexin-V positive cells, setting apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Furthermore, the three compounds are capable of inhibiting cell migration and invasion in A549 cells as well as to reduce the expression of some proteins as MMP2, MMP9 and FAK (focal adhesion protein), which are essential in the process of metastasis. Moreover, GEV was able to inhibit the expression of important kinases, usually over expressed in tumor cells.. Taken together, these data suggest that these compounds, especially GEV can be considered promising candidates for the development of a pharmaceutical form to be used in the treatment of lung cancer
Removal of oxytetracycline from aqueous solutions by hydroxyapatite as a low-cost adsorbent
No full textThe present paper involved a study of the adsorption process of the oxytetracycline drug from aqueous medium by using the hydroxyapatite nanopowders as adsorbent materials. The batch adsorption experiments were performed by monitoring the solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and drug solution concentration. At pH 8 and ambient temperature, high oxytetracycline removal rates of about 97.58% and 89.95% for the uncalcined and calcined nanohydroxyapatites, respectively, were obtained. The kinetic studies indicate that the oxytetracycline adsorption onto nanohydroxyapatite samples follows a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacities of 291.32 mg/g and 278.27 mg/g for uncalcined and calcined nanohydroxyapatite samples, respectively, have been found. So, the conclusion can be drawn that the hydroxyapatite shows good adsorption ability towards oxytetracycline
Bismuth-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Implants for Improved Radiopacity and Antimicrobial Activity
No full textThis study aims to present the possibility to obtain bismuth-doped nanohydroxyapatite coatings on the surface of the titanium implants by using a solution-derived process according to an established biomimetic methodology. The bioactivity of the titanium surface was increased by an alkali-thermal treatment. Then, under biomimetic conditions, the titanium surface was coated with a Bi-doped nanohydroxyapatite layer by using a modified supersaturated calcification solution (SCS) containing a bismuth salt. The apatite deposits were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and digital X-rays radiography method. The results indicate that the Bi-doped nanohydroxyapatite coatings on titanium surface were produced. These coatings exhibit a good radiopacity, thus enhancing their applications in dental and orthopedic fields. Additionally, the Bi-doped nanohydroxyapatite coatings show significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria
Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete
No full textPolymer concrete is a composite material realized with resin and aggregates. In the present study the epoxy resin was used for binding the aggregates. In the composition were introduced near the fly ash, used as filler, the cellulose fibers. The mechanical characteristics such as compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength of polymer concrete with fibers were investigated. The fiber percentage was constant, the epoxy resin and the filler dosages were varied. The cellulose fiber had not improved the mechanical characteristics of the polymer concrete in comparison to that of polymer concrete without cellulose fibers
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN ANTICIPATION GUIDE PADA PEMAHAMAN MEMBACA SISWA
No full textThe background of the problem in this study is the effectiveness of the anticipation guide strategy used in the learning process. At this time with the development of education that is increasingly rapid, the curriculum used is a curriculum that is considered capable of maximizing the learning process. The use of the 2013 curriculum is a demand for educators to further maximize the learning process in which students are required to be more active in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the anticipation guide strategy in students' reading comprehension skills. In this research process, the writer takes data by conducting an experimental class which in one class is divided into two groups. The first group of authors asked students to explain the subject matter without any prior explanation by an author, while the second group of authors explained the scope of the material to be studied and then asked students to re-explain what had been understood from the results of listening and listening to the writer. So with this experiment the author can see the effectiveness of the anticipation guide strategy with the results that have been tested. In this study, the authors see that the anticipation guide strategy is suitable for use in the learning process by means of educators explaining in advance the material to be taught to students so that students can understand the subject matter optimally.
Keywords: effectiveness, learning strategy, anticipation guide
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