1,720,958 research outputs found
Otokratisasi dan Populisme Otoriter dalam Rezim Demokrasi: Perbandingan antara India, Hongaria, dan Turki
Full text linkDemocracy decline undermines optimism for the expansion of world’s democracy as it occurred in established democracies. The decline from democratic to autocratic regime or “autocratization†is being experienced by India (the world’s largest democracy), Hungary (the established democracy in the European Union), and Turkey (the influential democracy in the Muslim world). Although they have different views of the main causes of the democracy decline, experts agree that authoritarian tendency driven by autocratic leaders erodes democratic values. The autocratization in the above three democracies is strongly related to “authoritarian populism†adopted by the incumbents and reflected on their antagonistic attitudes towards democracy. This article compares the role of anti-democratic populism in India, Hungary, and Turkey in the process of autocratizing democracies in the last decade. Autocratization in which authoritarian populism plays a significant role occurs through the “autocratization stages†as follows: the politicization of people’s disappointment, social polarization based on cultural narratives, weakening of democratic institutions, control of alternative information, and repression of opposition and critics. The article concludes that as seen in the cases of India, Hungary and Turkey, autocratization is highly dependent on the incumbents' skill in exploiting populist rhetoric to legitimize the regime's authoritarian actions
Otokratisasi dan Populisme Otoriter dalam Rezim Demokrasi: Perbandingan antara India, Hongaria, dan Turki
Full text linkDemocracy decline undermines optimism for the expansion of world’s democracy as it occurred in established democracies. The decline from democratic to autocratic regime or “autocratization†is being experienced by India (the world’s largest democracy), Hungary (the established democracy in the European Union), and Turkey (the influential democracy in the Muslim world). Although they have different views of the main causes of the democracy decline, experts agree that authoritarian tendency driven by autocratic leaders erodes democratic values. The autocratization in the above three democracies is strongly related to “authoritarian populism†adopted by the incumbents and reflected on their antagonistic attitudes towards democracy. This article compares the role of anti-democratic populism in India, Hungary, and Turkey in the process of autocratizing democracies in the last decade. Autocratization in which authoritarian populism plays a significant role occurs through the “autocratization stages†as follows: the politicization of people’s disappointment, social polarization based on cultural narratives, weakening of democratic institutions, control of alternative information, and repression of opposition and critics. The article concludes that as seen in the cases of India, Hungary and Turkey, autocratization is highly dependent on the incumbents\u27 skill in exploiting populist rhetoric to legitimize the regime\u27s authoritarian actions
The Limits of Industrialization in Post-Orde Baru Indonesia: State-Corporatism and Technological Inferiority
No full textAs competitiveness gains currency, it compels many governments’ concerns in achieving economic resilience to avoid the Middle-income Trap. Indonesia has focused on promoting industrialization and economic diversification as a response to the probability of being trapped. However, it has been shown that the performance of the manufacturing sector in Indonesia has been unsatisfying due to the inability to enhance human and technological competences and managing the transition from labor- and resource-intensive to capital- and technology-intensive industries. This situation signifies the importance of industrial revitalization in Indonesia by strengthening the weakest links, innovation, and human capital through the adoption of capability-focused industrial policy on innovation and technology. This paper examines factors that challenge Indonesia to develop innovation and technological capabilities in the industrial sector and analyze the role of the state in organizing industrial policy based on the adoption of the capabilities-focused strategy within reindustrialization in the democratic setting. Employing Thee Kian Wie’s conditions for industrial technology development and Dani Rodrik’s industrial policy, this study reveals vital factors challenging Indonesia’s efforts on innovation and technological development in manufacturing industries. It also found two ideational factors that affect the Orde-Baru bureaucratic culture and practice remain intact in the policy formulation and implementation, and ultimately obstructing current industrial policy to achieve the policy goals and right institutional setting
Revisiting Indonesia's economic diplomacy in the age of disruption: towards digital economy and innovation diplomacy
Full text linkWith the rise of digital technologies and innovation disrupting the economy, the global phenomenon challenged the current concept and strategies of "conventional" economic diplomacy that have increasingly gained importance in contemporary foreign policy, including Indonesia. In the meantime, the digital economy had been significantly growing as a potential driver of growth and an inclusive economy which becomes central in the Indonesian development agenda. A new or innovation-based economy such as the digital economy did not only become one of the priorities in national policies but also emerge to be an essential variable to the foreign policy of Indonesia amid diplomatic deficit. This research examines Indonesia's economic diplomacy in optimizing the potential of digital and new economic activities in facing the challenges of digital disruption. By employing integrative diplomacy concept, this research argues that Indonesia’s government should pursue intermestic, comprehensive and integrative strategies in its economic diplomacy by integrating new economy through the construction of "innovation diplomacy". This research finds that the existing economic diplomacy is strongly directed to “conventional” commercial diplomacy, while it gives insufficient space for a new economy to develop significantly, due to the absence of concept supporting the operation of innovation-focused economic diplomacy. Consequently, it is suggested that Jakarta urgently has to reconceptualize its economic diplomacy more strategically in order to achieve "diplomatic sophistication", by way of constructing "innovation diplomacy" as a subset of economic diplomacy
AKTIVISME GERAKAN KEAGAMAAN DALAM KONTEKS KEBUDAYAAN : Antara Penegakan Syariat dan Anomali
Full text linkThis academic work discusses about an activism of the religious movement recently emerging as a response against Liberal Islam in Indonesia. The rise of such movement is interesting to be studied in order to search a deeper understanding on the relationship between expression of religious piety and culture in the context of Indonesia. This article focuses on the case of the enforcement to shut down a transgender Islamic school (Pesantren Waria) and the rejection of Easter celebration conducted by Religious forum in Yogyakarta. The analysis of the article’s identified problems are explained into three forms of conclusion; First, the phenomenon of religious movement activism is understood as a counter culture through which they set a standard of conduct derived from their own conception of truth. Second, there is construction of collective religious identity integrated with ethnic identity. Third, such religious identity construct is increasingly established as moral legitimacy in existing social order. As consequence, the movement perceives that the society no longer needs a set of values derived from external circumstances such as egalitarianism, humanity, gender justice, and others.Artikel ini membahas aktivisme gerakan keagamaan kontemporer yang akhir-akhir ini muncul sebagai respon balik terhadap Islam liberal di Indonesia. Kemunculan gerakan keagamaan ini menarik untuk dikaji sebagai pemahaman mengenai hubungan ekspresi kesalehan umat beragama dan konteks kebudayaan di Indonesia. Dalam artikel ini mengambil kasus di Yogyakarta yang dilakukan oleh forum keagamaan yang melakukan penutupan paksa pesantren waria dan penolakan acara paskah. Ketidaksesuaian produk kebudayaan dengan nilai-nilai agama dominan (Islam) menjadi alasan utama gerakan keagamaan yang cenderung radikal ini untuk melakukan tindakan-tindakan penolakan. Artikel ini mengidentifikasi setidaknya kedalam tiga kesimpulan; Pertama, fenomena aktivisme gerakan keagamaan dipahami sebagai deviant subculture, mereka menentukan standar berperilaku yang diyakini mereka sebagai kebenaran. Kedua, terbentuknya identitas kolektif keagamaan yang terintegrasi dengan identitas etnik. Ketiga, semakin kuatnya legitimasi moral dalam tatanan sosial. Mereka merasa tidak memerlukan lagi perangkat nilai lain yang datang dari luar, seperti nilai egaliter, kemanusiaan, dan keadilan.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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