20 research outputs found
Pengaruh Perajangan dan Lama Pelayuan Terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Minyak Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus DC. STAPF)
No full textSuatu percobaan penyulingan serai dapur telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor, dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap bentuk factorial. Perlakuan yang diuji berupa : A) ukuran bahan tanaman, yaitu 1) dirajang dan 2) tidak dirajang; dan B) lama pelayuan terdiri atas a) 24, b) 48, c) 72 dan d) 96 jam. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa perajangan dan lama pelayuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen minyak. Kandungan nitrat serta sifat-sifat fisika minyak tidak dipengaruhi oleh kedua perlakuan tersebut. Bahan yang dirajang menghasilkan minyak lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan bahan yang tidak dirajang. Pelayuan dapat meningkatkan rendemen minyak. Rendemen minyak tertinggi (1.50%) dihasilkan dari bahan yang tidak dirajang setelah dilayukan selama 96 jam. Kandungan sitrat serta sifat-sifat fisika minyak memenuhi persyaratan standar mutu menurut Essential Oil Association (EOA)
Analisis Mutu Berbagai Jenis KAPOLAGA
No full textQuality analysis of several cardamom typesThe analysis of some varieties from cardamom was conducted at the Tecnology Laboratory of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops. The cardamom spp. that were used are local cardamom, big red and white types and true cardamom, Malabar and Mysore types. Fourty days old fruit after flowering were collected of factorial with two replications. The oil true cardamom collected from Sukaraja, Mysore type produced 1,92% oil and Malabar type produced 2,75% oil while cardamom collected from Parungkuda 3,39% oil and false cardamom big red type produced 3,85% and white type produced 3.02%. result indicated that from gas chromatography analysis and physic chemical analysis, the true cardamom oil, Malabar type from Parungkuda mathes with the International Organization for Standarization, and false cardamom that has no quality standart yet compared with GUENTHER’S experiment
The Effect of Essential Oil Formulas on Mortality and Oviposition Deterrent of Helopeltis antonii
No full text<p>Citronella, clove and lemongrass oils are known to be toxic and repel certain pests. Mixing different essential oils (EOs) in the form of formula is expected to increase the insecticidal properties. The experiments aimed to examine the effect of EOs mixture formulas on mortality and oviposition deterrent of <em>Helopeltis antonii</em>. The study was conducted at the green house of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute. A mixture of two EOs citronella + clove (1:1), lemongrass + clove (1:1), individual EO formulas, and their inert solution (mixture of tween 80, turpentine, and teepol) were tested on <em>H. antonii </em>at 5 and 10 ml.l<sup>-1</sup> concentrations. Parameters observed were the number of eggs laid, mortality of adults and nymphs of <em>H. antonii</em>. The citronella + clove and lemongrass + clove formula at 10 ml.l<sup>-1 </sup>deterred the oviposition of <em>H. antonii</em> by 60.18 % and 46.56 % respectively. These formulas also caused adults mortality at 79.17 % and 62.50 %, as well as the nymphs mortality at 87.50 % and 82.50 % respectively. The citronella + clove and lemongrass + clove formulas tested had the same effectiveness compared to the commercial citronella oil formula. Therefore, these two formulas were potential to be tested in field to control <em>H. antonii</em>.</p></jats:p
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Pendinginan pada Isolasi Kristal Mentol dari Minyak Mentha arvensis
No full textMenthaarvensis merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil mentol, yang kandungan mentol dalam minyaknya dapat mencapai 95%. Isolasi mentol dari minyak menthe dapat dilakukan melalui proses kristalisasi, sehingga diperoleh Kristal mentol. Pada percobaan ini diteliti pengaruh suhu rendah (2, -10 dan -190C) dan lama pendinginan (24, 48, dan 72 jam) terhadap rendemen Kristal mentol yang dihasilkan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan pola factorial dan ulangan dua kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan lama pendinginan, serta interaksi dari kedua perlakuan tersebut mempengaruhi rendemen Kristal mentol yang dihasilkan. Rendemen Kristal mentol tertinggi (4.75%) diperoleh pada suhu pendinginan -100C dan lama pendinginan 24 jam
Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Mutu Buah Mengkudu
No full text<p>The characterization of indian mulberry or noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) was conducted in some areas of Java in May to December 2003 to study their morfological and quality variations. It was found that there were seven distinct groups of noni types. Base on fruit size, there were two distinguished groups; types with big fruits (Types 1, 2, 4, and 5), and types with small fruits (types 3, 6, and 7). Big fruit had higher extract concentration than small fruit. Type 4 was seed less, had in highest juice percentage. The seed less type was rare and only found in Surakartya and Semarang in a limited population. The types widely grown throughout the entire survey areas. The type 5 has highest fruit weight, its fruits grew in cluster, it was found in Malingping and Tasikmalaya. Base on fruits taste, none could be grouped into two groups: fruits with sour-sweet taste and fruit with bitter taste. All types which grew near the beach had bitter taste. The bitter fruits did not fall when they were ripe, whereas the sour-sweet fruits fall at the some of ripening.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian dilakukan di sentra pertanaman mengkudu di Jawa Barat (Ciampea, Cipaku, Jasinga, Tasikmalaya), Banten (tepi pantai Malingping), Jawa Tengah (Surakarta, Semarang, Yogyakarta), dan di Jawa Timur (Lamongan) pada bulan Mei- Desember 2003, untuk mengetahui ciri-ciri morfologi dan mutu buah mengkudu. Telah diperoleh tujuh tipe mengkudu dengan perbedaan sifat-sifat morfologi, fisiologi, dan mutu buahnya. Perbedaan tipe mengkudu yang mencolok adalah bentuk, ukuran, rasa, dan rendemen daging buah. Dari ketujuh tipe tersebut terdapat dua tipe yang berukuran buah besar (tipe 1, 2, 4, dan 5), dan tipe berukuran buah kecil (tipe 3, 6, dan 7). Tipe mengkudu yang ukuran buahnya besar, rendemen jus dan daging buahnya lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang buahnya berukuran kecil. Dari tipe berukuran buah besar terdapat satu tipe berbiji sedikit yang dianggap seed less, yaitu tipe 4, sehingga rendemen daging buahnya tinggi. Tipe seed less termasuk langka, karena hanya ditemukan di Surakarta dan Semarang dengan populasi terbatas. Tipe yang mempunyai daerah penyebaran luas adalah tipe 1, ditemukan di tepi pantai hingga ketinggian 600 m dpl. Tipe 5 bobot buahnya paling tinggi, buah bercabang, ditemukan di Malingping dan Tasikmalaya. Rasa daging buah, dapat dibedakan menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu asam manis dan pahit. Semua tipe yang tumbuh di tepi pantai rasa buahnya pahit, dan setelah masak buahnya tidak langsung jatuh. Kelompok yang mempunyai rasa buah tidak pahit, buah tidak langsung jatuh setelah masak.</p></jats:p
Adiabatic quantum pumping through surface states in 3D topological insulators
No full textWe investigate adiabatic quantum pumping of ballistic Dirac fermions on the surface of a strong three-dimensional topological insulator. Two different geometries are studied in detail, a normal metal–ferromagnetic–normal metal (NFN) junction and a ferromagnetic–normal metal–ferromagnetic (FNF) junction. Using a scattering matrix approach, we show that each time a new resonant mode appears in the transport window the pumped current exhibits a maximum and provide a detailed analysis of the position of these maxima. We also predict a characteristic difference between the pumped current in NFN- and FNF-junctions: whereas the former vanishes for carriers at normal incidence, the latter is finite due to the different nature of wavefunction interference in the junctions. Finally, we predict an experimentally distinguishable difference between the pumped current and the conductance.Quantum NanoscienceApplied Science
TINJAUAN KRITIS TERHADAP KONSEP IDEOLOGIS KEPENGARANGAN INDONESIA : KAJIAN SOSIOLOGIS
Get PDFIndonesian writers continue to race across the ocean of globalization and technology. Those who come from various regions, fused into a large community as citizens of the world literature, sow among a number of mirage and cyberspace. An Indonesia poet or author has diverse languages, in accordance with the ideological background (worldview) authorship respectively. Ideology means a way of thinking or way of life of a person or a group. This paper assesses the ideology of Indonesia authorship in terms of sosilogi. Sociology is the study of society or community. Through this sociological theory discovered the concept of Indonesian author diverse ideologies. Indonesian author is able to create an ideology novelty literary language in conditions of globalization regime. Through literature, the authors of Indonesia express ideas and thoughts for the people of Indonesia
Alternatif Konsep Kelembagaan untuk Penajaman Operasionalisasi dalam Penelitian Sosiologi
Get PDFEnglishThe experts have no the same perception regarding the term of “institution”. This leads to unworkable definitions and concepts. This paper reviews the existing thoughts, especially those related with the term of “organization”, and simplifies them to formulate an easier concept which enables scientists and practitioners to work with. Different meanings exist due to different points of views of the experts, especially in early stage of sociology development. Sine 1950’s, social institution and social organization have been distinguished strictly. The author proposes a solution, i.e., the term of “institution” to mention the social system in which it is classified into two important components, namely “institutional aspect” and “organizational aspect”. Through this differentiation, it is expected that the analysis becomes more detailed, signifies the strong and weak aspects, and enables to choose the strategy of developing it.IndonesianIstilah “kelembagaan” belum memperoleh kesamaan pengertian di kalangan para ahli. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya beberapa pengertian dan konsep yang menyebabkan tidak dapat dioperasionalkan. Tulisan ini berusaha melakukan tinjauan (review) seluruh pemikiran yang berkembang, terutama kaitannya dengan istilah “organisasi”, untuk kemudian merumuskan satu konsep yang lebih mudah sehingga dapat dipergunakan baik untuk kalangan ilmuwan maupun praktisi. Ketidaksamaan pemaknaan terjadi karena setiap ahli memiliki titik pandang yang berbeda dalam membahasnya, terutama pda masa-masa awal perkembangan sosiologi. Namun, semenjak era 1950-an, sesungguhnya sudah terlihat adanya pembedaan yang tegas antara kelembagaan (social institution) dan organisasi (social organization). Sebagai solusinya, penulis menggunakan istilah “kelembagaan” untuk menyebut suatu sistem sosial dimaksud, yang didalamnya dapat dibagi menjadi dua komponen penting, yaitu “aspek kelembagaan” dan “aspek keorganisasian”. Dengan membedakan seperti ini, maka analisa dapat lebih mendalam, dapat diketahui aspek apa yang kuat dan lemah, serta dapat memilih strategi untuk pengembangannya
TANTANGAN PENGINTEGRASIAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN DAERAH KE DALAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN CAKUPAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN UNIVERSAL
Get PDFThis study is to review the facts in the health care field, where WHO has agreed to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in 2014. UHC is a health system that ensures every citizen in the population has fair access to a qualified promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative health care at reasonable costs. Universal coverage contains two core elements namely equitable access to qualified health services for every citizen, and the protection of financial risks when people use health services. Indonesia is currently in transition towards UHC. Law No. 40 Year 2004 about National Social Security System (UU SJSN)' has answered the basic principles of UHC by requiring every citizen to have access to comprehensive health services that are needed through pre-effort system. Then, the author will formulate solutions to these problems which can be seen as a recommendation for the implementation of health care development. Problem solving methods used in formulating solutions to problems are policy analysis using William Dunn and Abidin's theory, and the Fishbone Diagram. Based on the analysis, the author advises the need to arrange a formulation that meets the demands of integration of Jamkesda into JKN. Formulation of policies which have been directed towards the centralization of health financing through JKN program must be balanced by providing a flexible space for local governments to participate in decision making processes dynamically. This formulation is called Centralized Dynamic Integration policy formulation.Â
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII Smplb Karya Mulia Surabaya Menulis Buku Harian melalui Pemetaan Pikiran dengan Baling-Baling Berwarna
Get PDFWriting a diary with colorful propeller mind mapping method is an innovative method to enhance the 7th grade hearing impaired students' capabilities and skills of writing in Karya Mulia Special Secondary School for Students with Disabilities (SMPLB) Surabaya. This innovative effort was based on the constraints or obstacles to teach hearing impaired students in developing the abilities and skills of writing a diary that were still far below the average of minimum completion criteria (KKM). To find out the extent of this innovative method's implementation's impact, the author wanted to do a class action research (PTK) that includes 3 cycles where two-time meetings were conducted in each cycle. The research was started from the pre action activities continued to a cycle-1, cycle-2, to cycle-3. The result indicates that there has been improvements in 7th grade student's learning outcome in writing a diary through mind mapping mehod using learn to write diary through colorful propeller mapping method AsbtrakMenulis buku harian melalui metode pemetaan pikiran (mind mapping) dengan menggunakan Baling-Baling berwarna merupakan metode inovatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan menulis buku harian siswa tuna rungu kelas VII SMPLB Karya Mulia Surabaya. Upaya inovatif ini beranjak dari kendala/hambatan sebelumnya dalam membelajarkan siswa tuna rungu mengembangkan kemampuan dan keterampilan menulis Buku Harian yang hasilnya berada jauh di bawah rata-rata Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM). Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana dampak dari penerapan metode inovatif ini, penulis melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang mencakup 3 siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Penelitian dimulai dari kegiatan pra tindakan, dilanjutkan dengan siklus-1, siklus-2, sampai dengan siklus-3. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMPLB Karya Mulia Surabaya dalam menulis buku harian melalui metode pemetaan pikiran dengan Baling-Baling berwarn
