28 research outputs found
Stegler, Frank (Death, 1903-07-07)
No full textAddress: City Hospital 1218 Plum St.Age at death: 51 yrs.Pg 71/1903/192/M WS/Ohio/Dr. Earl H. Bruns/Busse & Borgman/Walnut HillsOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'STEFFEL-STEINRUCKER'
Studying signal collection in the punch-through protection area of a silicon micro-strip sensor using a micro-focused X-ray beam
No full textFor the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS detector~\cite{ATLAS}, a new, all-silicon tracker will be constructed in order to cope with the increased track density and radiation level of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. While silicon strip sensors are designed to minimise the fraction of dead material and maximise the active area of a sensor, concessions must be made to the requirements of operating a sensor in a particle physics detector. Sensor geometry features like the punch-through protection deviate from the standard sensor architecture and thereby affect the charge collection in that area.In order to study the signal collection of n-p-p silicon strip sensors over their punch-through-protection area, ATLAS silicon strip sensors were scanned with a micro-focused X-ray beam at the Diamond Light Source. Due to the highly focused X-ray beam () and the short average path length of an electron after interaction with an X-ray photon (), local signal collection in different sensor areas can be studied with high resolution.This study presents results of high resolution 2D-scans of the punch-through protection region of ATLAS silicon micro-strip sensors, showing how far the strip signal collection area extends toward the bias ring and how the region is affected by radiation damage
Studying signal collection in the punch-through protection area of a silicon micro-strip sensor using a micro-focused X-ray beam
No full textFor the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS detector, a new, all-silicon tracker will be constructed in order to cope with the increased track density and radiation level of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. While silicon strip sensors are designed to minimise the fraction of dead material and maximise the active area of a sensor, concessions must be made to the requirements of operating a sensor in a particle physics detector. Sensor geometry features like the punch-through protection deviate from the standard sensor architecture and thereby affect the charge collection in that area. In order to study the signal collection of silicon strip sensors over their punch-through-protection area, ATLAS silicon strip sensors were scanned with a micro-focused X-ray beam at the Diamond Light Source. Due to the highly focused X-ray beam (\unit[2\times3]{\upmu\text{m}}^2) and the short average path length of an electron after interaction with an X-ray photon (\unit[\leq2]{\upmu\text{m}}), local signal collection in different sensor areas can be studied with high resolution. This study presents results of high resolution 2D-scans of the punch-through protection region of ATLAS silicon micro-strip sensors, showing how far the strip signal collection area extends toward the bias ring and how the region is affected by radiation damage
Testbeam Studies on Pick-Up in Sensors with Embedded Pitch Adapters
No full textFor silicon strip sensors, the tracking information specifications can lead to challenging requirements for wire bonding. A common strategy is to use external pitch adapters to facilitate this step in the production of detector modules. A novel approach previously discussed in [1], is to implement the pitch adapters in the sensor, by embedding a second layer of metal tracks. The use of these embedded pitch adapters (EPAs) decouples the bond pad layout of the sensor from its implant layout by moving the adaption to the sensor production step. This solution, however, can yield the risk of performance losses due to the increase of inter-strip capacitance, or unwanted capacitive coupling between the metal layers (cross-talk) or the silicon bulk and the second metal layer (pick-up). In the prototyping stage of the ATLAS tracker end-cap upgrade, where different bond-pad layouts on sensor and readout chip lead to extremely challenging wire-bonding conditions, sensors with different geometries of EPA implementations have been produced at Centro Nacional de Microelectronica (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Barcelona, Spain. In order to study the influence of the EPA on the sensor performance, these sensors, built into a prototype detector module, were investigated in an x-ray beam. In this contribution, results of a study on the pick-up phenomenon in sensor regions with a high density of second-metal-layer tracks are presented. The performed measurements were taken in 15~m by 10~m steps with a micro-focussed 15~keV photon beam which allows resolution of the details of the EPA geometry. The amount of signal degradation in primary strips in the presence of second-metal tracks as well as the size of the pick-up-induced signal in the deployed test setup are quantified. Recommendations regarding the geometry of the embedded pitch adapter are given, resulting in limits and opportunities for future applications. [1] M. Ullan et al., Embedded Pitch Adapters: a High-Yield Interconnection Solution for Strip Sensors, NIM A, 201
Signals from fluorescent materials on the surface of silicon micro-strip sensors
No full textFor the High-Luminosity Upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced with a new, all-silicon tracker (ITk). In order to minimise the amount of material in the ITk, circuit boards with readout electronics will be glued onto the active area of the sensor. Several adhesives, investigated to be used for the construction of detector modules, were found to become fluorescent when exposed to UV light. These adhesives could become a light source in the high-radiation environment of the ATLAS detector. The effect of fluorescent material covering the sensor surface in a high-radiation environment has been studied for a silicon micro-strip sensor using a micro-focused X-ray beam. By positioning the beam parallel to the sensor surface and pointing it both inside the sensor and above the sensor surface inside the deposited glue, the sensor responses from direct hits and fluorescence can be compared with high precision. This contribution presents a setup to study the susceptibility of silicon strip sensors to light contamination from fluorescent materials and shows their impact on the noise and fake signal rate of a sensor operated in a high-radiation environment
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No full textthis story and the similar one James told, after Galloway, back in 1900. Later river men have suggested the name Galloway as being the most appropriate name for the cave.
On the flat wall at the back of the cave a number of names appear, mostly written in charcoal, among them: N Galloway Jan 6, 1894, Oc 25/1897 (Fig. 30). Under this appears: J. A. Galloway July 11, 1955. There are many other names especially those of late river parties. Many of the older names are illegible. The following apparently authentic names besides those of the Galloways have been deciphered: G. Wright Dec 23 1893 (see Historical site 104-Wright Bar); E, Mesken ( name also appears at Loper Cave on Wright Bar; see also Historical site 17 - Mesken Bar); P. W. Johnson Sept. 21 1921; W. W. Jones Aug 19, 1922; J. D. Stegler Sept 14, 1931; Roy [Retener ?]; Jerry Johnson; Bill [Siegenthaler?]; Roy Peterson; W. E. Johnson, Nevills [?]. 9-41.
Historical site 1-Glen Canyon Dam
A basic unit in the Colorado River Storage Project, authorized by an act of Congress in 1956 and a culmination of forces which had taken shape by 1922, Glen Canyon dam is under construction at mile 15.2. (See Crampton 1959, 65-73 for a summary of the reclamation history of the upper Colorado River basin to 1922).
Bibliographical Notes
The history of mining in Glen Canyon is told in bold outline by Crampton (1959). Three professional papers published by the U.S. Geological Survey have material on gold mining in Glen Canyon: Butler and others (1920); Gregory and Moore (1931); Hunt and others (1953). The public records of San Juan (Monticello), and Kane (Kanab) counties, Utah, and Coconino (Flagstaff) County, Arizona, in the custody of the county recorders have been consulted for mining locations. Often the earliest recorded locations are described so generally as to make their location in terms of modern nomenclature difficult. The many locations made by Stanton and the Hoskaninni Company in the lower canyon are recorded in: Book I, Mines, Kane County; Books B-C, Mines, San Juan County; Book I, Mines, Coconino County. The location of the mine at Klondike Bar is recorded in Book I, Mines, p. 80, Kane County. Louis M. Chaffin, one of the original locators living in 1959 at Payson, Utah, provided valuable information about the early history of Klondike Bar.
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Mapping the depleted area of silicon diodes using a micro-focused X-ray beam
No full textFor the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS detector at CERN, the current ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced with the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk). The ITk will be an all-silicon detector, consisting of a pixel tracker and a strip tracker. Sensors for the ITk strip tracker are required to have a low leakage current up to bias voltages of −500 V to maintain a low noise and power dissipation. In order to minimise sensor leakage currents, particularly in the high-radiation environment inside the ATLAS detector, sensors are foreseen to be operated at low temperatures and to be manufactured from wafers with a high bulk resistivity of several kΩ·cm. Simulations showed the electric field inside sensors with high bulk resistivity to extend towards the sensor edge, which could lead to increased surface currents for narrow dicing edges. In order to map the electric field inside biased silicon sensors with high bulk resistivity, three diodes from ATLAS silicon strip sensor prototype wafers were studied with a monochromatic, micro-focused X-ray beam at the Diamond Light Source (Didcot, U.K.). For all devices under investigation, the electric field inside the diode was mapped and its dependence on the applied bias voltage was studied.For the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS detector at CERN, the current ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced with the ATLAS Inner Tracker. The ATLAS Inner Tracker will be an all-silicon detector, consisting of a pixel tracker and a strip tracker. Sensors for the ITk strip tracker are required to have a low leakage current up to bias voltages of -700 V to maintain a low noise and power dissipation. In order to minimise sensor leakage currents, particularly in the high-radiation environment inside the ATLAS detector, sensors are foreseen to be operated at low temperatures and to be manufactured from wafers with a high bulk resistivity of several k{\Omega} cm. Simulations showed the electric field inside sensors with high bulk resistivity to extend towards the sensor edge, which could lead to increased surface currents for narrow dicing edges. In order to map the electric field inside biased silicon sensors with high bulk resistivity, three diodes from ATLAS silicon strip sensor prototype wafers were studied with a monochromatic, micro-focused X-ray beam at the Diamond Light Source. For all devices under investigation, the electric field inside the diode was mapped and its dependence on the applied bias voltage was studied. The findings showed that the electric field in each diode under investigation extended beyond its bias ring and reached the dicing edge
Test of the universality of and lepton couplings in -boson decays from events with the ATLAS detector
No full textThe Standard Model of particle physics encapsulates our current best
understanding of physics at the smallest scales. A fundamental axiom of this
theory is the universality of the couplings of the different generations of
leptons to the electroweak gauge bosons. The measurement of the ratio of the
rate of decay of bosons to -leptons and muons, , constitutes an important test of this
axiom. A measurement of this quantity with a novel technique using di-leptonic
events is presented based on 139 fb of data recorded with
the ATLAS detector in proton--proton collisions at TeV. Muons
originating from bosons and those originating from an intermediate
-lepton are distinguished using the lifetime of the -lepton,
through the muon transverse impact parameter, and differences in the muon
transverse momentum spectra. The value of is found to be and is in agreement with the
hypothesis of universal lepton couplings as postulated in the Standard Model.
This is the most precise measurement of this ratio, and the only such
measurement from the Large Hadron Collider, to date.Comment: 33 pages in total, author list starting page 17, 4 figures, 2 tables,
submitted to Nature Physics. All figures including auxiliary figures are
available at
http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2018-2
