8 research outputs found
Avaliação da eficiência de um programa para ensinar palavras, números, numerais, cores, quantidades e frases compostas por estes estímulos a pessoas deficientes mentais que estão em processo de ingresso no mercado de trabalho
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Florianópolis, 2010Procedimentos de ensino baseados no Paradigma de Equivalência são descritos na literatura como um dos meios mais eficientes para ensinar pessoas deficientes mentais (DM) a ler e escrever. No entanto, é preciso ainda ampliar a demonstração da eficiência de programas voltados ao ensino dessas pessoas. Dessa forma, pretendeu-se responder à pergunta de pesquisa: Qual a eficiência de um programa para ensinar palavras, números, numerais, cores, quantidades e frases compostas por estes estímulos a pessoas deficientes mentais que estão em processo de ingresso no mercado de trabalho? Participaram deste estudo oito alunos deficientes mentais inscritos em uma instituição da Região Sul do Brasil. O programa de ensino de classes de comportamentos foi planejado por meio de dois experimentos. Os comportamentos de ler e escrever frases, formadas por substantivos, adjetivos e números, foram ensinados por meio de um procedimento de discriminação condicional de escolha de acordo com o modelo (Matching To Sample) por exclusão de estímulos numéricos (quantidades, números e numerais) e de palavras (substantivos e adjetivos) conhecidos. O procedimento de matching foi programado por meio de um delineamento de Linha de Base Múltipla. A partir de uma entrevista informal foram selecionadas três classes de estímulos: numéricos compostos por três subclasses de estímulos (números 1, 2 e 3; numerais UM, DOIS, TRÊS e as quantidades ?, ??, ???); palavras/substantivos concretos (FACA, PATO, DEDO) e cores/adjetivos (ROSA, PRETO, ROXO). Cada uma dessas classes de estímulo fez parte de uma etapa do procedimento. O 1º experimento, realizado por meio do software Mestre®, constou de classes de estímulos experimentais compostas por um único elemento de cada vez, apresentadas em quatro Etapas: a Etapa I foi composta por um Teste inicial, já as Etapas II, III e IV foram subdivididas em três Fases: de Linha de Base, de Ensino/Exclusão e de Equivalência. O 2º experimento, disposto em três Etapas, foi composto pelo agrupamento das classes de estímulos experimentais ensinadas no 1º experimento, resultando na formação de frases compostas por um numeral, um substantivo concreto e um adjetivo. O 2º experimento foi realizado por meio do programa de apresentação PowerPoint com a inclusão de duas sondas de leitura na Etapa II da Fase de Ensino. Os dados mostram que os participantes do 1º Experimento aprenderam a ler e escrever as palavras de ensino e a identificar números. No entanto, dois participantes não iniciaram o 2º Experimento, pois necessitaram de um número maior de sessões no decorrer do 1º Experimento. Os resultados do 2º Experimentam mostram que todos os participantes adquiriram o comportamento de ler com compreensão as classes de estímulos apresentadas. Nas Fases de testes de equivalência dos dois experimentos, os participantes estabeleceram as relações de equivalência BC/CB. Os dados desse segundo experimento demonstram também a emergência de novas relações (frases) que surgiram a partir das relações condicionais ensinadas independentemente. Os resultados obtidos indicam a eficiência do programa de ensino das relações AB, AC, AE, AC, bem como o ensino de frases compostas pelo conjunto de classes de estímulos ensinadas anteriormente (estímulos numéricos, palavras/substantivos e palavras/adjetivos). Pode-se afirmar sobre a relevância social do programa, em particular, da relevância educacional, na medida em que possibilitou o aumento do repertório de ler frases formadas por números e palavras (substantivos e adjetivos) a adultos deficientes mentais que estão em processo de ingresso no mercado de trabalho
Surgery in hepatic and extrahepatic colorectal metastases
No full textExtrahepatic disease (EHD) has been considered a contraindication to hepatectomy. Over the last few years, some series reported interesting 5-year survival rates after resection with hepatic colorectal metastases and EHD free margins.
Between August 1989 and October 2005, 116 patients underwent liver resection for colorectal metastases at Surgical Department of the University of Udine, Italy. Among these, we reviewed the
data of 5 patients affected by EHD. In 3 patients there were also an
anastomotic recurrence of the primarytumor, in 3 patients diaphragm
was infiltrated by contiguous liver metastases.
We performed in all the patients minor liver resections. We have
associated the radiofrequence ablation of a lesion not surgically resectable with liver resection in one case. The surgical procedure was
always considered as curative. We observed no case of operative mortality. The mean survival of the entire cohort is 23.2 months (range 4-
42 months).
Our study, even if based upon a limited number of patients, supports the thesis that extrahepatic disease in patients affected by colorectal cancer with hepatic metastases should not be considered as an absolute contraindication to liver resection especially for the cases in with
local radical cure exeresis is achievable
Strategic Planning in a Forest Supply Chain: a multi-goal and multi-product approach
No full textSupply chain management problems are widespread across all economic activities. We analyze here how to address them in the case of the forest industry, which in emerging economies as Argentina is subject to high logistic costs and faces problems of biological and economic sustainability. In this work we analyze a management model covering from the schedule of harvesting activities and the transportation of raw materials to the final transformation at several industrial plants. Since this involves more than one objective, single-criterion mathematical programming methods are not appropriate. Here, instead, we introduce an extended goal programming (EGP) formulation of the problem, able to yield good solutions in a computationally efficient way. We consider four goals: the maximization of the net present value of the production, the minimization of inter-annual variations in harvests, the maximization of carbon capture in the form of forest biomass and the minimization of variations in the mean annual distance covered in transportation to the industrial plants. We apply this theoretical model to derive solutions for an actual Argentinean company. We show that the model reaches the target levels of the different goals, except for carbon balance, which is negative in all the scenarios under evaluation.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Minimally invasive esophagectomy: thoracoscopic esophageal mobilization for esophageal cancer with the patient in prone position
No full textCurrent practice on the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy in Italy: the Abdominal Drain in Gastrectomy (ADiGe) survey
No full textEvidence against the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy are increasing and ERAS guidelines suggest the benefit of drain avoidance. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether this practice is still widespread. We conducted a survey among Italian surgeons through the Italian Gastric Cancer Research Group and the Polispecialistic Society of Young Surgeons, aiming to understand the current use of prophylactic drain. A 28-item questionnaire-based survey was developed to analyze the current practice and the individual opinion about the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy. Groups based on age, experience and unit volume were separately analyzed. Response of 104 surgeons from 73 surgical units were collected. A standardized ERAS protocol for gastrectomy was applied by 42% of the respondents. Most of the surgeons, regardless of age, experience, or unit volume, declared to routinely place one or more drain after gastrectomy. Only 2 (1.9%) and 7 surgeons (6.7%) belonging to high volume units, do not routinely place drains after total and subtotal gastrectomy, respectively. More than 60% of the participants remove the drain on postoperative day 4-6 after performing an assessment of the anastomosis integrity. Interestingly, less than half of the surgeons believe that drain is the main tool for leak management, and this percentage further drops among younger surgeons. On the other hand, drain's role seems to be more defined for duodenal stump leak treatment, with almost 50% of the surgeons recognizing its importance. Routine use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy is still a widespread practice even if younger surgeons are more persuaded that it could not be advantageous
A national survey on the current status of minimally invasive gastric practice on behalf of GIRCG
No full text: Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer (GIRCG), during the 2013 annual Consensus Conference to gastric cancer, stated that laparoscopic or robotic approach should be limited only to early gastric cancer (EGC) and no further guidelines were currently available. However, accumulated evidences, mainly from eastern experiences, have supported the application of minimally invasive surgery also for locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The aim of our study is to give a snapshot of current surgical propensity of expert Italian upper gastrointestinal surgeons in performing minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of gastric cancer in order to answer to the question if clinical practice overcome the recommendation. Experts in the field among the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer (GIRCG) were invited to join a web 30-item survey through a formal e-mail from January 1st, 2020, to June 31st, 2020. Responses were collected from 46 participants out of 100 upper gastrointestinal surgeons. Percentage of surgeons choosing a minimally invasive approach to treat early and advanced gastric cancer was similar. Additionally analyzing data from the centers involved, we obtained that the percentage of minimally invasive total and partial gastrectomies in advanced cases augmented with the increase of surgical procedures performed per year (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively). It is reasonable to assume that there is a widening of indications given by the current national guideline into clinical practice. Propensity of expert Italian upper gastrointestinal surgeons was to perform minimally invasive surgery not only for early but also for advanced gastric cancer. Of interest volume activity correlated with the propensity of surgeons to select a minimally invasive approach
Additional file 1 of Anti-tumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid in gastric-cancer: gene-networks and molecular mechanisms
No full textAdditional file 1: Supplementary Methods. Supplementary Table S1. Characteristics and source of the gastric-cancer cell-lines. Supplementary Table S2. Structure of the double stranded DNAs used for the construction of the shRNA plasmid constructs. Figure S1. Growth curves of the gastric cancer cell-lines exposed to increasing concentrations of ATRA. Figure S2. Ki67 immune-histochemistry in tissue-slice cultures of representative primary gastric-cancers exposed to ATRA. Figure S3. Effects of ATRA on the body weight of SCID mice transplanted with LMSU and NCI-N87 cells. Figure S4. HALLMARK pathway analysis of the RNA-seq results obtained following treatment of the indicated gastric cell lines with ATRA. Figure S5. KEGG pathway analysis of the RNA-seq results obtained following treatment of the indicated gastric cell lines with ATRA. Figure S6. Number of genes modulated by ATRA in retinoid-sensitive G-INT and G-DIFF gastric cancer cell-lines.Figure S7. Effects of ATRA on IRF1 protein levels and cell-growth in the retinoid-sensitive LMSU cell-line.Figure S8. Effects of ATRA on IRF1 protein expression in retinoid resistant gastric cancer cells and IRF1 over-expression in AGS cells. Original Western blots
Current practice on the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy in Italy: the Abdominal Drain in Gastrectomy (ADiGe) survey
No full textEvidence against the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy are increasing and ERAS guidelines suggest the benefit of drain avoidance. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether this practice is still widespread. We conducted a survey among Italian surgeons through the Italian Gastric Cancer Research Group and the Polispecialistic Society of Young Surgeons, aiming to understand the current use of prophylactic drain. A 28-item questionnaire-based survey was developed to analyze the current practice and the individual opinion about the use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy. Groups based on age, experience and unit volume were separately analyzed. Response of 104 surgeons from 73 surgical units were collected. A standardized ERAS protocol for gastrectomy was applied by 42% of the respondents. Most of the surgeons, regardless of age, experience, or unit volume, declared to routinely place one or more drain after gastrectomy. Only 2 (1.9%) and 7 surgeons (6.7%) belonging to high volume units, do not routinely place drains after total and subtotal gastrectomy, respectively. More than 60% of the participants remove the drain on postoperative day 4–6 after performing an assessment of the anastomosis integrity. Interestingly, less than half of the surgeons believe that drain is the main tool for leak management, and this percentage further drops among younger surgeons. On the other hand, drain’s role seems to be more defined for duodenal stump leak treatment, with almost 50% of the surgeons recognizing its importance. Routine use of prophylactic drain after gastrectomy is still a widespread practice even if younger surgeons are more persuaded that it could not be advantageous
