143,970 research outputs found
Business Papers (MS 80-0003)
No full textDeed from A. J. Locklear to John E. Oliver conveying 100 acres of land part of the D. N. Burke
Nicotine Preference and Gene Expression: The Role of Cd81
Get PDFSmoking is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Variation in smoking behavior arises in large part from individual perception of nicotine’s rewarding effects, and the propensity for nicotine dependence. Attempts to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying these factors have so far been insufficient for developing effective treatments for, or reliable predictors of dependence. Thus, identifying genetic determinants of nicotine addiction is of vital importance. This can most readily be accomplished using laboratory mice. We used two-bottle choice nicotine self-selection to assess differences in nicotine consumption between the C57BL/6J and A/J inbred strains, and in a separate experiment, C57BL/6J Cd81 knockout mouse strains. We quantified the relative motivation to seek nicotine. Our unique set of experimental design parameters allowed unprecedented success in distinguishing between the strains and sexes through voluntary nicotine consumption. The cohorts exhibited distinct nicotine consumption levels. Most showed increasing consumption with time, indicating tolerance effects. We measured signs of nicotine withdrawal in the C57BL/6J mice, and found without exception, each cohort became nicotine dependent. Our nicotine self-selection paradigm satisfies all accepted criteria for animal models of alcoholism. On this basis, we regard our design as being a valid model for nicotine dependence. During self-selection, we determined that Cd81 loss-of-function significantly increased nicotine preference. However, previous studies had indicated Cd81 loss-offunction produced a reduction in cocaine preference. Thus, we investigated further by comparing gene expression in wild-type and Cd81 knockout mice at baseline and after nicotine treatments. We measured the expression of genes for dopamine receptors (Drd1, Drd2S, Drd2L, Drd3), the dopamine transporter (DAT), phosphodiesterases (Pde4b, Pde4d), and the tetraspanin Cd81, in the mesocorticolimbic pathway. Our results indicated the following: (i) CD81 function was essential for normal transcriptional response to nicotine, (ii) baseline expression of Pde4b and DAT were each influenced by Cd81 genotype in key brain areas and (iii) the baseline expression of Pde4b and DAT correlated with nicotine consumption behaviors. Finally, we speculate that Cd81, Pde4b and DAT work in concert to modulate nicotine preference and that this Cd81-associated pathway may function in a drug-specific manner. In conclusion, our results support the use of laboratory mice in nicotine selfselection for assessing nicotine preference. We found that CD81 influences nicotine consumption and transcriptional activity of dopamine signaling-associated components. Our hypothesis that CD81, PDE4B and DAT participate in a single pathway, working in concert to modulate drug consumption will be tested in future experiments
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
Get PDFFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B0 -> J/ψ KS0 decays
Get PDFThis Letter reports a measurement of the CP violation observables SJ/ψK0S and CJ/ψK0S in the decay channel B0→J/ψK0S performed with 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The fit to the data yields SJ/ψK0S=0.73±0.07(stat)±0.04(syst) and CJ/ψK0S=0.03±0.09(stat)±0.01(syst). Both values are consistent with the current world averages and within
expectations from the Standard Model
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
Get PDFThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Mr. Melvin J. Collier, RWWL AUC, June 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Mr. Melvin J. Collier. Mr. Collier talks about his book, "From Mississippi to Africa: A Journey of Discovery". Daniel Le, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing
No full textIn this latest Advance & Rutgers Report, entitled “A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing,” Dean James W. Hughes and Professor Joseph J. Seneca deliver an incisive assessment of the current market conditions and obstacles in the path of our economic recovery. They offer a statistical cautionary tale that the private and public sector need to hear and acknowledge in order for the economy to make continued progress.This report was published as Issue Paper Number 7, November 2011, in Advance & Rutgers Report
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
Get PDFAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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