81,146 research outputs found
Vascular endothelial growth factor restores delayed tumor progression in tumors depleted of macrophages
No full textGenetic depletion of macrophages in Polyoma Middle T oncoprotein (PyMT)-induced mammary tumors in mice delayed the angiogenic switch and the progression to malignancy. To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) produced by tumor-associated macrophages regulated the onset of the angiogenic switch, a genetic approach was used to restore expression of VEGF-A into tumors at the benign stages. This stimulated formation of a high-density vessel network and in macrophage-depleted mice, was followed by accelerated tumor progression. The expression of VEGF-A led to a massive infiltration into the tumor of leukocytes that were mostly macrophages. This study suggests that macrophage-produced VEGF regulates malignant progression through stimulating tumor angiogenesis, leukocytic infiltration and tumor cell invasion
Author neologisms in the novel "Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia" by T. Boldak-Janovska
No full textThe purpose of this article is an analysis of author neologisms extracted from the novel "Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia" by T. Boldak-Janovska – writer, although living in Olsztyn, belonging to the Polish-Belarusian border. The object of research was elected not by accident: for a few years the novel attracts the attention of readers and critics. For the purposes of this analysis were selected 186 neologisms, mostly nouns and verbs, most of whom are motivated formations. The most numerous are the names of animals, birds, reptile and fish, names of plants, trees, shrubs, names of everyday objects. Author neologisms constitute an indispensable component of the Polish vocabulary. They are understandable for the users through the context and through the semantic link to the radial network to which they [email protected]. Bołdak-Janowska, 2009, Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia, Olsztyn.Buttler D., 1962, Neologizm i terminy pokrewne, „Poradnik Językowy” nr 5, s. 239–244.Bołdak-Janowska T., 2012, Szkic na Trialog 2012, „Jak daleko stąd, jak blisko”, czyli gdzie?, http://issuu.com/tamarabejot/docs/jak daleko/1, online, [8.10.
2014].Chłosta-Zielonka J., 2013, Najnowsza proza olsztyńskich twórców. Rekonesans, „Prace Literaturoznawcze UniwersytetuWarmińsko-Mazurskiego” t. 1, Olsztyn, s. 229–239.Jadacka H., 2001, System słowotwórczy polszczyzny (1945–2000), Warszawa.Kwietniowa W., 1973, O neologizmach stylu artystycznego, „Polonistyka” nr 5, s. 9–17. Polska Biografia Literacka PAN, 2012, www.pbl.ibl.poznan.pl, online, [8.10.2014]Sękowska E., 2012, Neologizmy słowotwórcze we współczesnej polszczyźnie (wybrane tendencje), [w:] Eslavistica Complutense, Warszawa, s. 97–103.Skubalanka T., 1990, Problematyka gramatyczno-stylistyczna neologizmu, „Studia Linguistica Polono-Slovaca” nr 3, s. 31–37.Smółkowa T., 1997,Metodologiczne aspekty opisu współczesnych neologizmów i neosemantyzmów polskich, [w:] Leksyka słowiańska na warsztacie językoznawcy, red. H. Popowska-Taborska, Warszawa.Smółkowa T., 2001, Neologizmy we współczesnej leksyce polskiej, Kraków.Waszakowa K., 1998, Neologizmy tekstowe w świetle ram interpretacyjnych, [w:] Tekst. Analizy i interpretacje, Lublin, s. 21–33.Waszakowa K., 2007, Wariantywne postaci neologizmów w świetle adaptacyjnej funkcji słowotwórstwa, „Prace Filologiczne Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego” t. LIII, Warszawa, s. 691–700.299-31
Spiranthes nivea var. nivea T. P. Lin & W. M. Lin 2011
No full textSpiranthes nivea T.P. Lin & W.M. Lin (2011: 320) var. nivea — Fig. 4. Type:— TAIWAN. Pingtung: Tahanshan, 20 May 2009, Y.F. Wang s.n. (holotype: TAI 270634!). Synonym:— Spiranthes suishaensis auct. non (Hayata 1916: 86) Schlechter (1919: 161): Lin (2016: 117). Morphological descriptions and illustrations: —See Lin & Lin (2011: 320; f. 5), Surveswaran et al. (2017: 125; f. 4), Hsu & Chung (2016: 188), as Spiranthes suishaensis, and Lin (2019: 266; f. 117; pl. 13). Distribution and ecology: —The typical variety species is only recorded from the type locality, Tahanshan (Mt. Tahan) in southern Taiwan. It grows on semi-open roadside slopes around 1400–1600 m elev. and flowers from March to April. Additional specimens examined: — TAIWAN. Pingtung Co.: Mt. Tahan, 13 March 2013, T.-C. Hsu 6342 (TAIF!); Tahanshan, 9 April 2013, S.-S. Lin s.n. (TAI!). Taxonomic remarks: — Spiranthes nivea is most similar to S. hongkongensis, but it differs in having nearly glabrous labellum disc, smaller glabrous basal labellum callosities, and sparsely pubescent glabrous rachis, ovaries, and sepals.Published as part of Suetsugu, Kenji & Hsu, Tian-Chuan, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Spiranthes (Orchidaceae) in Taiwan, pp. 1-10 in Phytotaxa 578 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/751762
Letter to W. T. Shaw concerning W. T. Chapman
No full textLetter written to W. T. Shaw by an unknown author with W. T. Chapman as the subjec
Bishop W. T. Handy Jr., circa 1991
No full textPortrait of Bishop W. T. Handy Jr. Written on verso: Board Chair Bishop W. T. Handy Jr. April 6, 1990 - April 16, 1993.The Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the National Endowment for Humanities - Humanities Collections and Reference Resources Implementation Project Grant in supporting the processing and digitization of a number of its major archival collections as part of the project: Spreading the Word: Expanding Access to African American Religious Archival Collections at the Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library.</em
Ciclização intramolecular de 2-(w-Bromoalquiloxi) anilinas /
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas.Ciclizações intramoleculares podem ser estudadas como modelos miméticos de catálise enzimática. Esses modelos fundamentam-se no princípio de que os parâmetros físico-químicos que governam a reatividade entre dois grupamentos funcionais em uma reação intramolecular, estejam presentes também no mecanismo da ação enzimática. Os brometos de 2-(w-bromoalquiloxi)anilínio e 2-(w-bromoalquiloxi)-3-metilanilínio foram sintetizados com o objetivo de formular novos modelos miméticos. A rota sintética utilizada foi a alquilação do 2-nitrofenol e 6-nitro-2-metilfenol com dibrometos de alquila, com subseqüente hidrogenação catalítica dos nitro-compostos. As reações de ciclização das anilinas foram acompanhadas por espectroscopia de UV/Vis, em meio aquoso (solução de hidróxido de sódio 10-3 M) e em solventes orgânicos (metanol, etanol e acetonitrila, e misturados na proporção 1 : 1 com água), monitorando o aparecimento do produto ciclizado. Os resultados cinéticos indicam que as reações de ciclização dos compostos com o grupo metila são aproximadamente 3 e 14 vezes mais rápidas, para os anéis de 8 e 7 membros respectivamente, comparadas às ciclizações dos compostos sem metila. Cálculos de modelagem molecular sustentam o mecanismo via substituição nucleofílica intramolecular
Zagadnienia stabilności zatrudnienia na stanowisku pierwszego trenera w polskich klubach piłkarskich
No full textArtykuł dotyczy zjawiska zatrudniania i zwalniania trenerów w polskich klubach
piłkarskich. Odnosi się do wpływu tych zmian na modyfikację strategii działania klubów
i ich efektywność w podstawowych aspektach ich działalności. Autor oparł się na
wynikach badań prowadzonych w ramach pracy nad rozprawą doktorską dotyczącą
uwarunkowań efektywnego funkcjonowania zespołów sportowych. Tezy zawarte w
tekście opierają się zarówno na badaniach (wywiadach eksperckich) przeprowadzonych
wśród polskich trenerów piłkarskich pracujących w ekstraklasie, jak i obserwacjach
funkcjonowania polskich klubów piłkarskich. W tekście zawarto rozważania dotyczące
miejsca trenera w strukturze organizacyjnej klubu sportowego, jego wpływu na wyniki
organizacji. Przeprowadzono także analizę zjawiska zmian na stanowisku pierwszego
trenera w klubach polskiej ekstraklasy w rundzie jesiennej sezonu 2010/2011. W ramach
tekstu dokonano próby uchwycenia potencjalnego wpływu tych zmian na wyniki
zespołów sportowych, które są kluczowym elementem klubu sportowego wpływającym
na jego efektywność. Autor podjął także próbę ustalenia wpływu niestabilności
zatrudnienia na stanowisku pierwszego trenera na niezadowalające wyniki osiągane
przez polskie kluby na arenie międzynarodowej. Artykuł służy prezentacji wyników
badań i rozważań autora w ramach tej tematyki.The subject of the article is frequent changes of team managers in polish football clubs. The author shows the influence of team manager rotation on overall performance of sports organizations. Given the growing importance of sports in polish bussiness world, and amounts of funds invested, sports need a professional approach by managers. Team manager plays a key role in sports organization, and effectiveness of the team led by him influences the organization as a whole. The text is based on the reasearch done by the author in process of preparing doctorate thesis about effectiveness of sports teams. The reasearch was done both by interviewing polish team managers from top league, and by observations done in polish sports clubs. First part of the article focuses on placing the manager in organizational structure of a sports club, and his role in managing those organizations. Author also analyzed the changes made in polish teams in 2010/2011 season of polish ekstraklasa. The potential influence on teams performance is the subject of the last part of an article. The author tries to find connection between sport clubs policy regarding managers, and their poor performance in the european cups. The article shows the outcome of the reasearch done by the author, and gives personal conclusions on the subject, based on knowledge and experience gained during the process of preparing doctorate thesis
Natural hazards knowledge and risk perception of Wujie indigenous community in Taiwan
No full textThe purpose of this work was to investigate the natural hazards knowledge and risk perception of Wujie indigenous community, located in Fazhi village in the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan. Natural hazards (e.g. floods, landslides and debris flows) are one of the most critical issues for the Taiwanese government and for the people living in mountainous areas. During the last centuries, the native people experienced economic competition and military conflicts with a series of colonial periods that have led to a progressive loss of their original cultural identity. The motivation of selecting the case study of Wujie community is because (1) it has experienced, more than others, generations of devastating colonial oppression by foreign governments; (2) several landslides and debris flows occurred during the last decades; and (3) the area was subject of land exploitation and several hydroelectric projects. Two questions appear spontaneously: How are those indigenous people nowadays living with natural hazards? Have land use change and the anthropic pressure affected their knowledge and perception of natural hazards and related risk? This research, one of the first carried out in Taiwan involving an indigenous community, can offer a unique opportunity to answer these questions. The investigation utilized a variety of participatory methods by the use of face-to-face interviews. Results revealed that residents felt a high worry about landslide and flood risks. However they felt a slight preparedness to face them. The most considerable differences were found between the personal evaluations respect to the overall community. The discrepancy in the attitude–behavioural link may derive from an unsatisfactory level of communication and information probably ground in the absence of community participation in the decision-making process. Results revealed also the complexity of residents’ perspectives about the causes of the increase of natural hazards occurrence. To this point, the community has ascribed this phenomenon to several uncontrolled human actions during colonial period that have affected the environment and their living. In addition, gender, age education and experience of natural hazards were found to be significant predictors in this study. Paying attention to the indigenous perception of a hazard and risk can increase the effectiveness of projects implemented by practitioners who might need to communicate risks in the future. It also helps governments in their possible need to order evacuations, and future researchers to conduct similar projects
Letter from Secretary to W. W. Bass
No full textLetter to W. W. Bass from Carl Hayden's secretary informing him of a vote on the national park bill will not be held until December
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