1,361 research outputs found
Random Boolean Networks and Evolutionary Game Theory
No full textRecent years have seen increased interest in the question of whether it is possible to provide an evolutionary game theoretic explanation for certain kinds of social norms. These explanatory approaches often rely on the fact that, in certain evolutionary models, the basin of attraction of "fair" or "just" strategies occupies a certain percentage of the state space. I sketch a proof of a general representation theorem for a large class of evolutionary game theoretic models played on a social network, in the hope that this will contribute to a greater understanding of the basins of attraction of such models -- and hence the evolution of social norms. More precisely, I show how many kinds of social networks can be translated into random boolean networks. The interesting and useful part of this result is that, for many social networks, one can find a bijection between the state space of the social network and the state space of the random boolean network, such that the state follows the state under the dynamical laws of the social network if and only if follows the state under the dynamics of the random boolean network. In some cases, it is not possible to find such a bijection; in these cases, one can find an injection with the property that if follows under the dynamics of the social network, then follows under the dynamics of the random boolean network. I then use this method to catalog all the basins of attraction for some simple two-strategy games (the prisoner`s dilemma and the stag hunt) played on a ring, drawing on the work of Wuensche and Lesser (1992)
Comments on the Work Justin Marozzi "Tamerlane, Conqueror of the World"
No full textThe author of the article gives a brief analysis, comments and opinions on the work of Justin Marozzi "Tamerlane. Conqueror of the World" devoted to the personality of Amir Timur
Justin Václav Prášek - the regional historian and orientalist
No full textThe diploma thesis deals with the life stories of Justin Václav Prášek, his public activities as a teacher, his contribution in the field of Oriental and regional history. We can not also forget his impact on the next generation of Czech Orientalists and his great piece of work, which led in the publication of new findings to wider public. The work is divided into three main chapters, which contain a number of sections. The first chapter is about Justin Václav Prášek´s life, his student life, his work in secondary schools as a teacher or about the unsuccessful attempts to habilitation. The second chapter discusses the work of J. V. Prášek. This chapter is divided into six sections, in which the author tries to clarify the contribution of the work of J. V. Prášek, briefly describes and evaluates it. The author acquaints the readers with Prášek´s interest in the history of Near East, trying to bring his importace in the history of Czech regional history and deals with the travel diaries. Another chapter is devoted to public activities of J. V. Prášek, his benefits for the cities Brandýs nad Labem and Klánovice. There are also mentioned assotiations that are connected with his name
S is for Singularity
No full textThis book extends the explorations of design thought and action for the first Does Design Care...? workshop at Imagination, Lancaster University in September 2017 that investigated different ways to conceptualise, provoke, contest and disrupt care. This illustrated A to Z for the Design of Care is intended to help guide design out of the intractable and entangled challenges we face with care and set it on the path to reconcile the contradictory needs to abstract the gesture of care (its theories) while it grounds the bodiliness of that same gesture (its applications). * Each entry in this A to Z was written and illustrated by its author during the Does Design care [2]...? workshop in Chiba University, Japan. Only a few colours of paper, scissors and glue could be used to produce the illustrations. Magee's contribution is titled S is for Singularity and discusses a dichotomy where highly personalised care and design are required for for individuals, while at the same time highly collaborative teams and processes are needed in the delivery of Design for Care. This view is informed by his research in Healthcare product design
New generation electron beam resists: a review
No full textThe semiconductor industry has already entered the sub-10 nm region, which has led to the development of cutting-edge fabrication tools. However, there are other factors that hinder the best outcome of these tools, such as the substrate and resist materials, pre- and postfabrication processes, etc. Among the lithography techniques, electron beam lithography (EBL) is the prime choice when a job requires dimensions lower than 10–20 nm, since it can easily achieve such critical dimensions in reasonable time and effort. When obtaining pattern features in single nanometer regime, the resist material properties play an important role in determining the size. With this agenda in mind, many resists have been developed over the years suitable for attaining required resolution in lesser EBL writing time. This review article addresses the recent advancements made in EBL resists technology. It first describes the different lithography processes briefly and then progresses on to the parameters affecting the EBL fabrications processes. EBL resists are then bifurcated into their “family types” depending on their chemical composition. Each family describes one or two examples of the new resists, and their chemical formulation, contrast-sensitivity values, and highest resolution are described. The review finally gives an account of various alternate next-generation lithography techniques, promising dimensions in the nanometer range
Corporate Compliance Programs: Pretext or Panacea?
No full textJustin S. Brooks\u27 article discusses the effectiveness of corporate compliance programs and factors characterizing well-designed ones. The article explains that mandates to maximize profits for shareholders can encourage bad behavior by officers and directors but that countervailing factors encourage the development and implementation of effective compliance programs. In response to specific questions posed, the author explains that: (1) corporate compliance programs can both weed out non-meritorious or frivolous complaints and facilitate internal and external reporting of meritorious evidence of misconduct; (2) corporate compliance programs sensitize employees to the fact that wrongdoing is plausible, but written directives, communications, and training by management can cause employees to believe that particular conduct is appropriate or in keeping with company policy when such conduct is \u27 in fact \u27 unlawful; and (3) effective corporate compliance programs incorporate the principles of communication, responsiveness, and transparency
Palindromic richness
No full textIn this paper, we study combinatorial and structural properties of a new class of finite and infinite words that are 'rich' in palindromes in the utmost sense. A characteristic property of the so-called rich words is that all complete returns to any palindromic factor are themselves palindromes. These words encompass the well-known episturmian words, originally introduced by the second author together with Droubay and Pirillo in 2001 [X. Droubay, J. Justin, G. Pirillo, Episturmian words and some constructions of de Luca and Rauzy, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 255 (2001) 539-553]. Other examples of rich words have appeared in many different contexts. Here we present the first unified approach to the study of this intriguing family of words. Amongst our main results, we give an explicit description of the periodic rich infinite words and show that the recurrent balanced rich infinite words coincide with the balanced episturmian words. We also consider two wider classes of infinite words, namely weakly rich words and almost rich words (both strictly contain all rich words, but neither one is contained in the other). In particular, we classify all recurrent balanced weakly rich words. As a consequence, we show that any such word on at least three letters is necessarily episturmian; hence weakly rich words obey Fraenkel's conjecture. Likewise, we prove that a certain class of almost rich words obeys Fraenkel's conjecture by showing that the recurrent balanced ones are episturmian or contain at least two distinct letters with the same frequency. Lastly, we study the action of morphisms on (almost) rich words with particular interest in morphisms that preserve (almost) richness. Such morphisms belong to the class of P-morphisms that was introduced by Hof, Knill, and Simon in 1995 [A. Hof, O. Knill, B. Simon, Singular continuous spectrum for palindromic Schrödinger operators, Comm. Math. Phys. 174 (1995) 149-159]
Rich, Sturmian, and trapezoidal words
No full textIn this paper we explore various interconnections between rich words, Sturmian words, and trapezoidal words. Rich words, first introduced by the second and third authors together with J. Justin and S. Widmer, constitute a new class of finite and infinite words characterized by having the maximal number of palindromic factors. Every finite Sturmian word is rich, but not conversely. Trapezoidal words were first introduced by the first author in studying the behavior of the subword complexity of finite Sturmian words. Unfortunately this property does not characterize finite Sturmian words. In this note we show that the only trapezoidal palindromes are Sturmian. More generally we show that Sturmian palindromes can be characterized either in terms of their subword complexity (the trapezoidal property) or in terms of their palindromic complexity. We also obtain a similar characterization of rich palindromes in terms of a relation between palindromic complexity and subword complexity
Surprise as an Emotion: A Response to Ortony
No full text© The Author(s) 2022.We write in response to an article published in this journal by Andrew Ortony titled “Are All ‘Basic Emotions’ Emotions? A Problem for the (Basic) Emotions Construct.” The author claimed that “for all its elevated status as a basic emotion, surprise fails to satisfy the minimal requirements that [he] proposed for something to be an emotion, and if it is not an emotion, it cannot possibly be a basic emotion.” Although we acknowledge the concerns brought forth by Ortony, we respectfully disagree with his conclusion about surprise. To make a case against the assertion that surprise is valence-free, we summarize an extensive body of work showing that surprise is indeed valenced—in a specific manner (i.e., ambiguously valenced)—and that it meets all of Ortony’s criteria for an emotion. In other words, rather than being described as neither positive nor negative, this emotion is either positive or negative. We consider the data with respect to surprise as a basic emotion, and we dispute the definitions of basic emotions as “widely divergent.” Future work is needed to continue defining an emotion, and a basic emotion, but we believe this is a worthy effort toward shaping a still evolving field.11Nssciscopu
Two preachings on Lazarus Saturday: The moral dimension of friendship according to Saint Justin (Polyansky) and Saint Innocent of Kherson
No full textIntroduction. The article is devoted to the concept of friendship in Christian ethics. The author analyses the idea of friendship and its moral aspect in two previously underexamined in Russian theology sermons of Saint Justin (Polyansky) and Saint Innocent of Kherson on Lazarus Saturday. Theoretical analysis. The research allows us to make the following conclusions. According to Saint Justin (Polyansky) and Saint Innocent of Kherson, friendship represents: the friendly love of the Lord Jesus Christ for His friends, the ideal of friendship for every Christian in the terms of one’s relations with neighbours; the friendly love of a human for God (sincerity and openness, service), which is impossible without the assistance of Divine grace, and which is rewarded by achieving the Divine friendship in relation to a human (salvation); friendship between a human and God, which is characterized by mutual sincerity and openness, and mutual service; human friendship, which is characterized by mutual sincerity and openness (confession of sins to each other), mutual service of love, patience with shortcomings, and compassion. Conclusion. According to Saint Justin and Saint Innocent, friendship has a moral dimension; it is a part of Christian morality, and the telos of the Christian moral life
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