2,921 research outputs found
The evolution of social orienting: evidence from chicks (Gallus gallus) and human newborns
No full textBackground
Converging evidence from different species indicates that some newborn vertebrates, including humans, have visual predispositions to attend to the head region of animate creatures. It has been claimed that newborn preferences for faces are domain-relevant and similar in different species. One of the most common criticisms of the work supporting domain-relevant face biases in human newborns is that in most studies they already have several hours of visual experience when tested. This issue can be addressed by testing newly hatched face-naïve chicks (Gallus gallus) whose preferences can be assessed prior to any other visual experience with faces.
Methods
In the present study, for the first time, we test the prediction that both newly hatched chicks and human newborns will demonstrate similar preferences for face stimuli over spatial frequency matched structured noise. Chicks and babies were tested using identical stimuli for the two species. Chicks underwent a spontaneous preference task, in which they have to approach one of two stimuli simultaneously presented at the ends of a runway. Human newborns participated in a preferential looking task.
Results and Significance
We observed a significant preference for orienting toward the face stimulus in both species. Further, human newborns spent more time looking at the face stimulus, and chicks preferentially approached and stood near the face-stimulus. These results confirm the view that widely diverging vertebrates possess similar domain-relevant biases toward faces shortly after hatching or birth and provide a behavioural basis for a comparison with neuroimaging studies using similar stimuli
Exposição de embriões de Gallus domesticus ao acetato de chumbo e seus efeitos sobre a histologia cerebelar e o comportamento no período pós-natal inicial
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em NeurociênciasEfeitos da exposição embrionária ao acetato de chumbo sobre a histologia cerebelar e o comportamento de Gallus domesticus no período pós-natal inicial. Quatro grupos experimentais, grupo-controle fechado (GC1), grupo-controle aberto (GC2), grupo acetato de chumbo 18,75 g e 37,5 g (GA1 e GA2), diluídos em 1ml de solução salina (0,9%). Registro do ganho de peso e do repertório comportamental, além da realização de testes de comportamento, em campo aberto e no labirinto em "T", durante a primeira semana de vida. Nossos resultados demonstraram que Gallus domesticus, nos estágios precoces de desenvolvimento embrionário, são suscetíveis à exposição ao acetato de chumbo, que provou ser capaz de alterar o desenvolvimento embrionário normal - interferindo na organização histológica do cerebelo e no comportamento normal da espécie
Grau de infestação parasitária em Gallus gallus domesticus (L.).
No full textGrau de infestação parasitária em Gallus gallus domesticus (L.)
Evolutionary relationships of Red Jungle Fowl and chicken breeds
No full textPublished results were reassessed and original data are provided regarding the origin and relatedness of four postulated chicken breed lineages, egg-type, game, meat-type and Bantam, to each other and to the basic ancestral species of jungle fowls, Gallus gallus. A system approach was employed concerning the planning of the experiments. One element of the system approach is the choice of the breeds to be compared with G. gallus. These breeds were supposed to represent major evolutionary branches of chickens. Four experiments on genetic relationships were conducted using different estimation criteria including morphological discrete characters, body measurements, biochemical markers, and the activity of serum esterase-1. The greatest similarity was found between G. gallus and the egg-type breeds of Mediterranean roots and/or true Bantams. This fact might testify that the indicated chicken groups occupied earlier stages in the evolution from the wild progenitor to the present biodiversity of chickens in the world
Caracterização morfológica de embriões de Gallus domesticus, expostos ao acetato de chumbo, com ênfase na sua ação em nível tecidual e celular na medula
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências.O presente estudo caracterizou os efeitos do acetato de chumbo no desenvolvimento de embriões de Gallus domesticus, analisando a nível tecidual sua ação na medula. Os animais tratados (n=81) foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais, conforme a dose de acetato de chumbo (150µg ou 450µg), e de acordo com o dia em que foram tratados (E3 o
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PLETEKAN (Ruellia tuberosa L.) TERHADAP KADAR SGPT DAN SGOT PADA AYAM PEDAGING BROILER (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI
No full textThe use of synthetic antibiotics as Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP) in broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) can indeed improve reproduction, maintain the health of livestock, and increase the efficiency of feed use. If these synthetic antibiotics are used excessively and continuously, it will cause residues and increase resistance to bacteria both in Gallus gallus domesticus L. and those who consume it. Tetracycline antibiotics are antibiotics that are often found in poultry meat such as Gallus gallus domesticus L.
This study aims to utilize the existence of wild plants, namely pletekan leaves (Ruellia tuberosa L.) as an alternative to antibiotics by looking at their effect on SGPT and SGPT levels of broiler broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) and can be utilized as a learning resource at SMK Agribusiness Poultry. This research uses a quantitative approach with the type of research true experiment research. In this study gave treatment to broiler broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) using pletekan leaf extract (Ruellia tuberosa L.) with concentrations of 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 375 ppm, 500 ppm, 625 ppm, and 1000 ppm. Furthermore, on day 35, chicken blood was taken to test SGPT and SGOT levels with the IFCC Kinetic method. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling and data analysis using normality test, homogeneity test, non-parametric test and anova test.
The results obtained were at a concentration of 125 ppm pletekan leaf extract (Ruellia tuberosa L.) did not increase SGPT and SGOT levels in broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.). The conclusion of this study is that from the results of phytochemical screening on pletekan leaf extract (Ruellia tuberosa L.) there are secondary metabolite compounds of alkaloids and tannins. The concentration of 125 ppm is the optimal concentration and the results of this study can be used as a biology learning resource at SMK Agribusiness Poultry Phase F with learning outcomes on feed management and animal health
Ação de fatores físicos e químicos sobre o padrão da atividade neuromuscular em embriões de Gallus domesticus
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências.Estuda o padrão dos movimentos corpóreos durante o desenvolvimento da atividade neuromuscular em embriões de Gallus domesticus, investigando possíveis alterações desencadeadas pela ação de fatores físicos e químicos, do 3º ao 10º dia de desenvolvimento embrionário
Efecto del zumo de Vaccinium corymbosum L. (arándano) sobre la membrana corioalantoidea de Gallus gallus domesticus
No full textThe present research work had as objective to determine the effect of Vaccinium corymbosum L on the coronalantoidea membrane of Gallus gallus domesticus, using experimental research, with increasing stimulation. 3 mL of albumin were extracted into 70 embryonated eggs of Gallus gallus domesticus, which were then taken to the incubator for 7 days, at the end of which they were discarded that no blood vessels were developed, the remainder were distributed in 5 groups of 5. A 5 μl ultra pure water (White group), 5 μl captopril (standard group), and 2.5 μl; 5 and 7.5 μL of Vaccinium corymbosum L. juice at a concentration of 20 mg / mL. Subsequently, an incubation was performed for three more days, according to the procedure. On the 12th day, the pellet was removed and the pellets were removed to observe the chorioallantoic membrane through a stereoscope and the quantification of the respective blood vessels. The results obtained were statistically processed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Tukey's test, with a 95% confidence interval using statistical analysis SPSS version 21, comparing all the data of the groups with each other, in addition to the analysis with the Boxplot chart. A p = 0.000 of a p <0.05 was obtained by which it is inferred that it has an influence of the treatments on the antiangiogenic potency, by means of the test of Tukey was established in the group of 2.5 and 7.5 μL of juice Vaccinium corymbosum L. at a concentration of 20 mg / mL had the same antiangiogenic potency as captopril (standard) and in 5 μL had an antiangiogenic effect on the chorioallantoic membrane. It is concluded that the juice of Vaccinium corymbosum L. (cranberry) at a concentration of 20 mg / mL.has an antiangiogenic effect on the chorioallantoic membrane of Gallus gallus domesticus, and that the volumes of 2.5 and 7.5 presented higher antiangiogenic potency on the chorioallantoic membrane of Gallus gallus domesticusEl presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de
Vaccinium corymbosum L sobre la membrana corionalantoidea de Gallus gallus domesticus, utilizando una investigación de tipo experimental, con estimulo creciente. Se extrajeron 3 mL de albumina a 70 huevos embrionados de Gallus gallus domesticus, que posteriormente se llevaron a la incubadora por 7 días, al término del cual se desecharon aquellos que no desarrollaron vasos sanguíneos, los restantes se distribuyeron en 5 grupos de 5. A cada grupo se colocó los pellets que fueron instilados con volúmenes de los diferentes tratamientos: 5 μL agua ultra pura (Grupo blanco), 5 μL Captopril (grupo patrón), y 2,5; 5 y 7.5 μL de zumo Vaccinium corymbosum L. a una concentración de 20 mg∕mL. Posteriormente, se llevó a incubación por tres días más, según procedimiento. Al 12° día se retiró de la incubadora y se procedió a retirar los pellets para realizar la observación de la membrana corioalantoidea a través de estereoscopio y la cuantificación de los vasos sanguíneos respectivos. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados estadísticamente mediante el análisis de varianza (ANOVA), y el test de Tukey, con un intervalo de confianza del 95% mediante el sowfare estadístico SPSS versión 21, comparándose todos los datos de los grupos entre sí, además del análisis con el grafico de Boxplot. Se obtuvo un p=0.000 de un p<0.05 por lo que se infiere que hay una influencia de los tratamientos sobre la potencia antiangiogénica, mediante el test de Tukey se estableció que el grupo de 2,5 y 7,5 μL de zumo Vaccinium corymbosum L. a una concentración de 20 mg∕mL tiene igual potencia antiangiogénica que el captopril (patrón) y en 5 μL tuvo un alto efecto antiangiogénico sobre la membrana corioalantoidea. Concluyéndose que el zumo de Vaccinium corymbosum L. (arándano) a una concentración de 20 mg∕mL.tiene efecto antiangiogénico sobre la membrana corioalantoidea de Gallus gallus domesticus, y que a los volúmenes de 2,5 y 7,5 presentaron mayor potencia antiangiogénica sobre la membrana corioalantoidea de Gallus gallus domesticusTesi
Incidência helmíntica em Gallus gallus domesticus (L.) criados em fundo de quintal na microrregião dos Campos de Lages, Santa Catarina
No full textIncidência helmíntica em Gallus gallus domesticus (L.) criados em fundo de quintal na microrregião dos Campos de Lages, Santa Catarin
Gallus GBrowse: a unified genomic database for the chicken
No full textGallus GBrowse (http://birdbase.net/cgi-bin/gbrowse/gallus/) provides online access to genomic and other information about the chicken, Gallus gallus. The information provided by this resource includes predicted genes and Gene Ontology (GO) terms, links to Gallus In Situ Hybridization Analysis (GEISHA), Unigene and Reactome, the genomic positions of chicken genetic markers, SNPs and microarray probes, and mappings from turkey, condor and zebra finch DNA and EST sequences to the chicken genome. We also provide a BLAT server (http://birdbase.net/cgi-bin/webBlat) for matching user-provided sequences to the chicken genome. These tools make the Gallus GBrowse server a valuable resource for researchers seeking genomic information regarding the chicken and other avian species
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