6 research outputs found
Effect of fertilizer, furrow length, and irrigation flow rate on soil nutrient and yield of apple orchard
No full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of furrow irrigation with a length of 96, 144, and 192 m and a flow rate of between 0.2 and 0.4 Ls-1 on the leaching of nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus from dry subtropical soils in Azerbaijan. Moreover, the impact of six fertilizer levels, namely, control (without fertilizer), 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, N90P90K90 + 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, N120P90K90 + 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, N120P120K90 + 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, and N120P90K120 + 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, on the performance of apple orchards, has been examined. The findings indicate that the brown soils of the irrigated grassland exhibit normal humus, total nitrogen, and weak phosphorus levels, with a gradual decline observed in the lower layers. Applicable to the agricultural and subsurface layers, the aggregates are 0.25-1.0 mm in diameter, with an agricultural value of 12.9% and 21.8%, respectively. This indicates a poor structural condition of the apple orchard soil. The elevation of the water flow rate from 0.2 to 0.4 Ls-1 resulted in a greater extraction of humus, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the soil. Both water flow rates increased the nutrients and humus leaching from the soil. By extending the furrow length to 192 m, the losses of humus (3.25%), nitrogen (0.36%), and phosphorus (0.30%) from the soil in both water flows significantly increased in comparison to the 96-m length. By extending the length of furrows to 192 m, the yield (21.97 t ha-1) was significantly reduced in comparison to the 96-m length (22.31 t ha-1). As a consequence of the application of N120P90K120 + 10 t ha-1 of cow manure, the yield of 27.3 t ha-1 was significantly elevated in comparison to other fertilizer treatments and the control treatment (17.9 t ha-1). Therefore, management of fertilizer systems, furrow length, and water flow can improve soil fertility and plant yield by reducing erosion in the meadow-brown soil of Azerbaijan
Investigating the quantative and qualitative indices of growth and postharvest life of Zinnia elegans in different rations of nitrogen and calcium in soilless culture
No full textEffects of recycled organic waste in soilless growing medium on the growth and flowering of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bol.) in pot culture
No full textPurpose: Cocopeat resources in Iran are limited and unsuitable, and they must be imported from abroad at a high cost. It is therefore essential to evaluate suitable growth media to replace cocopeat.
Method: During this experiment, we conducted a completely randomized experimental design with seven types of growing media in a greenhouse with two layers of hexane coating, at the flower and ornamental plant research station in Lahijan city. Seven growth substrate treatments were investigated, including: (100%perlite), (75%cocopeat + 25%perlite), (50%tea waste + 25%peanut shells compost + 25%perlite), (50%tea waste +%25 Azolla + %25 Perlite), (50%peanut shells compost + 25%azolla + 25%perlite), (50%peanut shells compost + 25%tea waste +25% azolla) and (25%peanut shells compost + 25%tea Waste + 25%azolla + 25%perlite).
Results: According to the results, growth media containing peanut shells, Azolla composts, and tea waste are effective and recommended, which can significantly reduce the use of cocopeat. A substrate containing compost had a better effect on the morphological and physiological characteristics of Gerber.
Conclusion: The yield of Gerbera varied greatly among growth substrates, and flower performance was better in some substrates than in cocopeat. The favorable effect of composted substrates on Gerbera yield allows the selection of the growth substrate.
Highlights
· The introduction of a new growing medium led to a significant reduction in the consumption of Cocopeat.
· The Cocopeat-free growing medium has produced Gerbera of improved morphological and physiological characteristics.
· The introduction of new growth substrate combinations containing compost replaces the Cocopeat substrate and produces Gerbera of desirable quality
Reuse of peanut shells and Azolla mixes as a peat alternative in growth medium of Dieffenbachia amoena ‘tropic snow’
No full textAbstract Purpose An experiment was designed to introduce a substitute for peat, which is used in the production of bedding for the cultivation of ornamental plants and is imported and expensive. For this reason, the usability of peanut shells and Azolla, whose accumulation in the environment causes environmental problems, is a major research question. Methods In this work, Dieffenbachia amoena was grown in a growing medium that had substituted peanut shells and Azolla mixes composts (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 100 v/v %) for peat. The controls received only peat: perlite (2:1 v/v) without composts. Results It was found that, as the substitution of compost increased, nutrients also increased in the growing medium. Nonetheless, the nutrients led to minor changes in the leaves. As compost increased, the bulk density of the growing media decreased (0.17, 0.16, 0.15, and 0.15 g cm−3). The range of substrate physical properties, such as container capacity, air-filled porosity, and total porosity, was within the recommended range. The 15–100% substitution of compost increased the electrical conductivity and pH of the growing media. The 30% compost treatment led to significant differences in the final height (32.06 cm), trunk diameter (11.66 mm), stem and leaf fresh weight (57.52 g), and stem and leaf dry weight (5.10 g) in comparison with the controls. Conclusions Considering the high price of peat in comparison with compost, replacing peat with 30% compost is economically preferable. Compost was thus found to be a good alternative to peat as an ornamental plants growing medium
Macrolides for better resolution of community-acquired pneumonia: A global meta-analysis of clinical outcomes with focus on microbial aetiology
No full textObjectives: This meta-analysis examined the effect of macrolides on resolution of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and interpretation of clinical benefit according to microbiology; emphasis is given to data under-reported countries (URCs). Methods: This meta-analysis included 47 publications published between 1994 and 2022. Publications were analysed for 30-d mortality (58 759 patients) and resolution of CAP (6465 patients). A separate meta-analysis was done for the prevalence of respiratory pathogens in URCs. Results: Mortality after 30 d was reduced by the addition of macrolides (odds ratio [OR] 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51–0.82). The OR for CAP resolution when macrolides were added to the treatment regimen was 1.23 (95% CI 1.00–1.52). In the CAP resolution analysis, the most prevalent pathogen was Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.68%; 95% CI 9.36–16.95%). Analysis of the pathogen epidemiology from the URCs included 12 publications. The most prevalent pathogens were S. pneumoniae (24.91%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.90%). Conclusion: The addition of macrolides to the treatment regimen led to 35% relative decrease of 30-d mortality and to 23% relative increase in resolution of CAP. © 2023 The Author(s
Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA): achievements in 10 years and future needs
No full textAllergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent global health problems for all age groups. Asthma and rhinitis frequently coexist in the same subjects. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) was initiated during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999 (published in 2001). ARIA has reclassified AR as mild/moderate-severe and intermittent/persistent. This classification closely reflects patients' needs and underlines the close relationship between rhinitis and asthma. Patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals are confronted with various treatment choices for the management of AR. This contributes to considerable variation in clinical practice, and worldwide, patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals are faced with uncertainty about the relative merits and downsides of the various treatment options. In its 2010 Revision, ARIA developed clinical practice guidelines for the management of AR and asthma comorbidities based on the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. ARIA is disseminated and implemented in more than 50 countries of the world. Ten years after the publication of the ARIA World Health Organization workshop report, it is important to make a summary of its achievements and identify the still unmet clinical, research, and implementation needs to strengthen the 2011 European Union Priority on allergy and asthma in children
