1,720,963 research outputs found
Genetic diversity analysis among Philodendron spp. by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
Get PDFVariety development in ornamental plants increased rapidly due to the high demand during the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, analyzing the genetic diversity of ornamental plants is essential to assist breeders in improving and developing new cultivars with desirable traits. In this study, the genetic diversity of Philodendron species was analyzed. P. erubescens, P. 69686, P. burle-marx, P. lacerum, and P. micans were selected as the most popular species cultivated in Indonesian nurseries. These cultivars were assessed both genetically using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and morphologically. The genetic relationship among Philodendron spp. species was analyzed using DARwin 6.0 software, and a dendrogram was constructed based on the UPGMA algorithm. Based on the two selected RAPD primers, the five samples showed no clear genetic relatedness to each other, and the primers were insufficient to construct a single consensus dendrogram
Inisiasi Bibit Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) melalui Teknik Kultur In vitro
Get PDFAbstract— Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) is one of the Indonesian spices that is not easy to be cultivated outside its natural habitat because it requires lower temperatures for its growth. This research aimed to determine the culture technique of andaliman plants using in vitro tissue culture techniques to solve the difficulties of plant cultivation outside its natural habitat. The explants used are seeds and nodal segments. Using seeds, methods were divided into seeds collection and sterilization and initiation. Methods using nodal segments explants were divided into sample collection, nodal sterilization, initiation, and shoot multiplication. Seed sterilization using 60 °C water which was replaced every six hours had lower contamination rate compared to other methods. Unfortunately, seeds germination and dormancy breaking were not exhibited in this research. Nodal segment sterilization using 0,1% (b/v) mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposed for seven minutes and addition of 100 IU mL-1 nystatin showed fewer contaminations. Multiplication using Murashige-Skoog (MS) media with addition of 1 ppm NAA and 5 ppm BAP (MSN1B5) produced nine shoots and produced callus. Overall, both explant sterilizations were successful, but it was recommended to use nodal segments as the explant due to success in producing andaliman plantlet in vitro.
Keywords: andaliman, HgCl2, nystatin, plant tissue culture, woody plant medium
Abstrak— Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) adalah salah satu rempah Indonesia yang sulit untuk dibudidayakan di luar habitat aslinya karena membutuhkan suhu rendah untuk pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan teknik perbanyakan tanaman andaliman menggunakan teknik kultur jaringan secara in vitro dengan memperhatikan beberapa faktor seperti larutan sterilisasi yang digunakan dan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) yang diberikan. Eksplan yang digunakan adalah biji dan nodus. Metode penelitian dengan eksplan biji meliputi koleksi buah, germinasi, dan inisiasi eksplan. Metode penelitian dengan eksplan nodus dibagi menjadi koleksi bibit, inisiasi nodus, dan multiplikasi nodus. Sterilisasi permukaan biji menggunakan air hangat bersuhu 60 °C yang diganti setiap enam jam memiliki tingkat kontaminasi yang paling rendah dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya, tetapi germinasi dan pemecahan dormansi tidak terjadi pada penelitian ini. Sterilisasi permukaan nodus menggunakan larutan merkuri klorida (HgCl2) 0,1% (b/v) dengan durasi perendaman selama tujuh menit dan 100 IU mL-1 nistatin pada media menunjukkan tingkat kontaminasi yang lebih rendah. Multiplikasi menggunakan media Murashige-Skoog dengan penambahan 1 ppm NAA dan 5 ppm BAP (MSN1B5) menghasilkan organ tunas dalam jumlah yang paling banyak yaitu sebanyak sembilan tunas dan terbentuk kalus. Secara keseluruhan, sterilisasi kedua eksplan berhasil dilakukan, tetapi lebih disarankan menggunakan eksplan nodus karena dapat menghasilkan tunas andaliman secara in vitro.
Kata kunci: andaliman, HgCl2, kultur Jaringan tanaman, nistatin, woody plant medium
 
Towards Green Rusunawa: Clean Water Utilization, Composting, and Urban Farming in Muara Baru Flats
Get PDFWaste disposal and clean water management are some of the common social issues arising in densely populated settlements, including Muara Baru flats, Jakarta. Some programs have been carried out to overcome these two issues in Muara Baru, such as the construction of a Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) facility and the provision of Trash Banks. Nevertheless, adequate support for the residents is still needed to boost their awareness of proper clean water management and waste disposal and to encourage the formation of urban agriculture, which is expected to elevate their living standards. Therefore, a community empowerment program in Muara Baru was developed, consisting of three sections: education on clean water management, compost making training, and urban farming. The success of this program was then measured using questionnaires and focus group discussions. A majority of residents responded positively to the program and were willing to actively participate by preparing the land, making compost, planting seeds, or caring for the harvest. There were indeed some obstacles hampering the program's success, such as lack of commitment from the local community, climate change, water availability, and arable land availability. To overcome these barriers and to promote the program’s sustainability, some suggestions are to be proposed, including proper selections of plant types and provision of support and motivation for the local community
Effect of Synthetic Fertilizer on Diazotrophic Bacteria in Secondary Forest and Oil Palm Soils in Central Kalimantan
Get PDFSoil microorganisms, especially diazotrophic bacteria, are vital for ecosystem sustainability, significantly contributing to nitrogen cycling and biodiversity conservation. Understanding the impact of different land-use practices on soil microorganisms, especially synthetic fertilizer addition, is essential for sustainable agriculture. This study compares soil properties, bacterial densities, and responses to fertilization in secondary forest soils and adjacent oil palm plantation soils located in PT Kerry Sawit Indonesia, Central Kalimantan. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using both secondary forest and oil palm plantation soils to evaluate the impacts of different synthetic fertilizers on nitrogen-fixing bacteria and soybean agronomic performance. Total soil bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria, essential for nitrogen fixation, were analyzed through microbiological assays and qPCR focusing on the nifH gene. Our findings show that oil palm plantation soils had higher levels of nitrogen, phosphate, and nitrate, while secondary forest soils had a higher abundance of diazotrophic bacteria. Furthermore, excessive nitrogen fertilization was found to reduce microbial density, negatively impacting plant sustainability, highlighting the importance of customized fertilizer management. The study highlights the intricate connections between land-use practices and microbial populations, providing valuable insights for balancing agricultural productivity with ecological sustainability
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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