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DIVERSITAS SEMUT ARBOREAL (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENGENDALI ULAT API (LEPIDOPTERA: LIMACODIDAE) PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT
No full textDIVERSITAS SEMUT ARBOREAL (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENGENDALI ULAT API (LEPIDOPTERA: LIMACODIDAE) PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT
Get PDFSemut merupakan salah satu model yang ideal untuk mengukur dan memonitor keanekaragaman hayati. Permasalahan yang dilihat adalah bagaimanakah diversitas semut arboreal dan serangga hama pada tanaman kelapa sawit di Sumatera Selatan. Diduga semut arboreal (O. smaragdina) berpotensi sebagai pengendali hama ulat api pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mempelajari diversitas semut arboreal pada berbagai umur tanaman kelapa sawit, (2) mempelajari diversitas serangga hama pada berbagai umur tanaman kelapa sawit, (3) mengetahui potensi koloni dan bentuk sarang semut arboreal pada tanaman kelapa sawit, (4) menguji kemampuan memangsa semut O. smaragdina terhadap ulat api pada tanaman kelapa sawit dan
(5) Menganalisis hubungan antara faktor abiotik dengan kehadiran semut rangrang dan serangga hama pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret 2012 sampai dengan Februari 2013, pada Perkebunan kelapa sawit di Desa Tanjung api-api, Kabupaten Banyuasin Propinsi Sumatera Selatan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan diversitas semut arboreal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) pada tanaman kelapa sawit terdiri dari 14 jenis semut yang termasuk dalam 5 subfamili dengan total individu 19516 ekor. Indeks diversitas jenis dengan kriteria sedang. Indeks ekuitabilitas memiliki kesamaan jenis. Indeks dominansi semut dengan kriteria rendah dan secara umum di dominansi oleh semut O. smaragdina dengan indeks nilai penting (68,11). Indeks kesamaan kelimpahan jenis (BC) dipeoleh antara tanaman sawit umur dua dan empat tahun relatif sama yaitu 87%. Diversitas hama ulat pada tanaman sawit didapatkan 5 jenis yaitu Setora nitens, Sethosea asigna, Thosea sinensis, Metisa plana, Parasa lapida, dari 2 famili (Limacodidaae dan Psychidae) dengan jumlah
10.556 individu dari ketiga umur tanaman kelapa sawit. Indeks diversitas jenis serangga hama dengan kriteria sedang. Indeks dominansi serangga hama kriteria rendah Jenis hama yang dominan adalah S. nitens dengan indeks nilai penting terbesar (54,337). Indeks kesamaan kelimpahan jenis hama (BC) antara umur tanaman sawit berumur tiga dan empat tahun relatif sama (92%). Semut O. smaragdina memiliki potensi sebagai pengendali hama pada tanaman sawit dengan cara pembentukan koloni yaitu pada teknik tangle foot didapatkan 7 sarang baru dengan total anggota koloni 65.273. Pada teknik non tangle foot tidak terbentuk sarang baru dengan jumlah anggota koloni 27.936 individu. Bentuk- bentuk sarang bervariasi ada yang berbentuk persegi panjang, segitiga, oval dan
heksagonal. Terdapat hubungan yang erat antara faktor abiotik (iklim) dengan kehadiran semut arboreal pada tanaman kelapa sawit (R2= 0,80) begitu juga pada serangga hama (R2= 0,66). Faktor abiotik yang berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap keberadaan semut dan serangga hama adalah curah hujan dan lamanya hari hujan. Semut arboreal (O. smaragdina) mampu memangsa ulat api S. nitens, (uji kesamaan rata-rata 87,50%) dengan teknik non choice dengan hasil berbeda sangat nyata. Pada uji kesamaan rata-rata teknik choice berbeda nyata (83,33%).
Kata Kunci: diversitas semut arboreal, diversitas serangga hama, potensi dan peran semut Oecophylla smaragdina, pengendalian hayati ulat api
Survey Literatur, Kurikulum Dan Tenaga Ahli Studi PEndidikan MIPA Di INdonesia
No full textilus,138 hlm, 21 c
Peranan Semut Rangrang (Oecophylla smaragdina) Dalam\ud Pengendalian Biologis Pada Perkebunan Kelapa sawit
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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