42 research outputs found
Die Demokratische Republik Georgien (1918-1921) – Ein Modell des europäischen Sozialstaates?
No full textDie Demokratische Republik Georgien (1918-1921) – Ein Modell des europäischen Sozialstaates?
No full textგაზეთი "სამუსლიმანო საქართველო" და აჭარის ავტონომიის საკითხი
No full textAs it can be easily seen in the article propaganda of irreversible autonomy in Adjara was artificially started in the region to make the population believe that autonomy was the only way for welfare and happiness.In the course of events the population of the region rejected the direct government introduced after restoration of jurisdiction of Georgia in 1920.Confrontation between the pro-Georgian and anti-Georgian forces, as well as ideological war set between the political organizations and propagandists extremely aggravated political situation in Adjara. Unfortunately, the Liberation Committee and its printing body agitated the idea of autonomy. Gradually the confrontation acquired the form of fight for autonomy due to the fact, that the fruits of autonomy were considered useful for political ambitions of the mentioned parties. Autonomy was a lever to reach the government seats in the region and was the only way to hit the target.The decision made by Georgian government on closing the newspaper “Muslim Georgia” (and also closure of ,,Sedai Mileti~) in the second half of 1920 refers to the fact that the information spread by the newspaper didn’t cope with the state interests
საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკის სოციალური პოლიტიკა
No full textსაქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა იყო ევროპაში პირველი სახელმწიფო,
რომლის სათავეშიც იმ პერიოდის პროგრესული მემარცხენე სოციალ-დემოკრატიული
პოლიტიკური ძალა აღმოჩნდა. სოციალ-დემოკრატიული პარტიები XIX საუკუნის
მიწურულიდან ევროპულ სახელმწიფოებში წამყვან პოლიტიკურ ძალებად
გარდაიქმნენ, რომლებიც თავიანთი პოლიტიკური ბრძოლის მთავარ მიზნად
საყოველთაო თანასწორობაზე დაფუძნებული, ეგალიტარული საზოგადოების
ფორმირებას ისახავდნენ.
საქართველოს დემოკრატიულ რესპუბლიკისათვის, როგორც XX საუკუნის
დასაწყისის ევროპის ერთ-ერთი ყველაზე უთანასწორო სახელმწიფოს - რუსეთის
იმპერიის ნგრევის შედეგად შექმნილი სახელმწიფოსათვის, უმნიშვნელოვანესი იყო
მოკლე ვადებში ქმედითი სოციალური პოლიტიკის გატარება, რომელიც
მაქსიმალურად ხელს შეუწყობდა უთანასწორობაზე, სოციალურ ჩაგვრაზე და მასთან
დაკავშირებულ ბარიერებზე ორიენტირებული სისტემის სწრაფ დემონტაჟს.
საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა თავისი არსებობის 1028 დღის
განმავლობაში მუდმივად რეფორმირებისა და ტრანსფორმირების პროცესში იყო, ის
ერთგვარ რეფორმების ლაბორატორიას წარმოადგენდა. ამ რეფორმათა დიდი ნაწილი
კი, სწორედ მემკვიდრეობით მიღებული სოციალური და პოლიტიკური სისტემის
გარდაქმნას და ახალი სოციალური პოლიტიკის დანერგვას გულისხმობდა.
აღნიშნული კვლევა შეეხება სწორედ საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკის
სოციალური პოლიტიკის ფორმირების პროცესის შესწავლასა და ანალიზს. თუ რა
ფორმითა და შინაარსის ხორციელდებოდა რეფორმები შრომის, სოციალური დაცვის,
განათლებისა და საკუთრების მიმართულებით. რა ტიპის ცოდნასა და გამოცდილებას
ეფუძნებოდა რესპუბლიკაში არსებული რეალობის შეფასება, გარდაქმნის გზის
დაგეგმვა და საბოლოო სამიზნე შედეგების განსაზღვრა, რადგანაც ეს სამი კომპონენტი
უმნიშვნელოვანესია ზოგადად ყოველი სისტემური რეფორმის გატარებისას.
კვლევაში მნიშვნელოვანი ადგილი ეთმობა სხვადასხვა პოლიტიკურ აქტორთა
ხედვებსა და მოსაზრებების განხილვასა და შედარებებს. ამ მიდგომის საფუძველზე
შესაძლებელი ხდება გავაანალიზოთ არა მხოლოდ კონკრეტულ მიმართულებით უკვე
გატარებული მთავარი პოლიტიკური ხაზი, არამედ მისი ალტერნატიული
ვარიანტებიც.
საკვლევი საკითხები შესწავლილია საარქივო მასალის, პრესისა და სამეცნიერო
ლიტერატურის ფართო გამოყენებითIn May 1918, the Democratic Republic of Georgia emerged as the first European state led by a
progressive leftist social-democratic political force of its time. From the late 19th century, socialdemocratic
parties became the dominant political entities across European states, aiming at
establishing an egalitarian society based on universal equality.
Implementing the effective social policy was the essential for the Democratic Republic of Georgia
since it was formed from the disintegration of the Russian Empire and have been one of the most
unequal states in early 20th-century Europe. Furthermore, it required rapid transformation of a
system entrenched in inequality, social oppression, and other barriers.
Throughout its 1028-day existence, the Democratic Republic of Georgia was a constant arena of
reform and transformation, functioning as a laboratory of the reforms. A significant portion of
these reforms aimed at changing the inherited social and political systems and establishing a new
social policy framework.
This research represents the comprehensive analysis of the formation of social policies at the
Democratic Republic of Georgia. It examines the reforms commenced in the realms of labor, social
security, education, and property. The study explores the knowledge and experience that informed
the three essential components for systemic reform: careful examination of the reality, planning
the transformation, and defining the final objectives.
A crucial aspect of this research is the discussion and comparison of the perspectives and opinions
of various political actors. This approach enables a comprehensive analysis of the primary political
direction taken in specific policy areas, as well as the alternative options considered. The research
employs archival materials, printed media, and scholarly literature to examine these issue
A “Best Selling” British Author who wrote About Great Renaissant - De Rada and Albanians
No full textRarely authors of global reputation have written about Albania and well-known personalities of our culture and rarely they have remained or still remain in the darkness of anonymity for the general public and Albanian researchers. For this reason, insight, finding, lighting and display of writings, works and creations, yet unknown, of historians, linguists, ethnographers, writers, and foreign journalists, contributors with unrepeateable values for Albania, the Albanians and the history of our nation, remain an obligation, both scientific and noble. Finding the works and “unknown” authors is a homage in respect of the contributions they given for us, publication of their works would unfold in global dimensions the values that our nation has kept and conveyed, would enrich the funds of Albanian archives and along with it, the research bibliographies for a deeper image of our heritage. Definitely in this article it is evoked the image and work of a British author, Norman Dagllas, who until now remains unknown not only for the Albanian public, but also for the circles of our researchers. In the framework of a series of extensively well-known publications in its time, his most interesting, culminating and reputable republished work remains, “Old Calabria”. In the center of this work, which has seen the light of re-publication over 20 times and has been translated into most languages of the world, is our great poet of National Renaissance, Jeronim De Rada. And yet, strangely, it is still unknown and translated or published in Albanian.Keywords: novel, literature, poem, folklor, church
A “Best Selling” British Author Who Wrote About Great Renaissant - De Rada and Albanians
No full textRarely authors of global reputation have written about Albania and well-known personalities of our culture and rarely they have remained or still remain in the darkness of anonymity for the general public and Albanian researchers. For this reason, insight, finding, lighting and display of writings, works and creations, yet unknown, of historians, linguists, ethnographers, writers, and foreign journalists, contributors with unrepeateable values for Albania, the Albanians and the history of our nation, remain an obligation, both scientific and noble. Finding the works and “unknown” authors is a homage in respect of the contributions they given for us, publication of their works would unfold in global dimensions the values that our nation has kept and conveyed, would enrich the funds of Albanian archives and along with it, the research bibliographies for a deeper image of our heritage. Definitely in this article it is evoked the image and work of a British author, Norman Dagllas, who until now remains unknown not only for the Albanian public, but also for the circles of our researchers. In the framework of a series of extensively well-known publications in its time, his most interesting, culminating and reputable republished work remains, “Old Calabria”. In the center of this work, which has seen the light of re-publication over 20 times and has been translated into most languages of the world, is our great poet of National Renaissance, Jeronim De Rada. And yet, strangely, it is still unknown and translated or published in Albanian
ძალადობრივი სამოხელეო დანაშაულის გამომწვევი ფაქტორები და მათი გამოძიებისას დასადგენი ძირითადი გარემოებები
No full textThe Author of the article identifies the causal factors of official misconduct committed by abuse of office and classifies it into ten categories. According to the author, for the effective investigation of criminal cases concerning the official misconduct, first of all, it is vital to accurately prepare strategies and tactics of an investigative plan, outline the factual circumstances, which later will become the subject of proof. Based on the analyzes regarding specifics of official misconduct, the author offers five conditional criteria. These criteria must be determined and examined in each investigation process of official misconduct, promoting to resolve criminal cases, as well as, to obtain and preserve the evidence in accordance with the established procedures
ცილისწამების სისხლის სამართლის წესით დასჯადობის მიზანშეწონილობა
No full textThe present article discusses legal nature of defamation, directed against honor, dignity and reputation of a human being. In accordance with the analysis explored by the author, defamation has nothing in common with high values of freedom of speech and expression. Therefore, making this action punishable by law or making penalties more stringent will not have any negative effect on the development of democracy. Based on the analysis of the legislation of 12 European Countries, the author suggests that amendment of the Law of Georgia on “Freedom of Speech and Expression” is necessary in terms of severing the existing sanctions for defamation; furthermore, the failure to execute the court judgment must also be punishable by the Criminal Code. As a conclusion, the author provides certain relevant recommendations on the possible changes in the legislation with this regard
On the de Rham–Witt Complex over Perfectoid Rings
No full textAcknowledgments The 1st author is very grateful to Lars Hesselholt, who introduced and explained many aspects of this project to him. (The project began around 2014 when the 1st author was a postdoc of Lars Hesselholt at the University of Copenhagen.) The 1st author would also like to especially thank Bhargav Bhatt for assistance at many different points, especially during a visit to the University of Michigan. Furthermore, both authors thank Johannes Anschütz, Bryden Cais, Dustin Clausen, Elden Elmanto, Kiran Kedlaya, Arthur-César Le Bras, Thomas Nikolaus, Peter Scholze, and David Zureick-Brown for useful conversations regarding this paper. The authors also thank the anonymous referee of an earlier version of this paper; the referee provided careful feedback and many suggestions for improvement, especially in Section 7. Both authors thank the Department of Mathematical Sciences of the University of Copenhagen for its hospitality and pleasant working environment.Peer reviewe
ადამიანის უფლებათა საყოველთაო დეკლარაციის როლი და მნიშვნელობა ეროვნულ და საერთაშორისო სამართალში
No full textIn 2018 the world celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the landmark international document in which the UN Member States agreed and solemnly proclaimed fundamental human rights and freedoms as a “standard to which all nations and states should strive to achieve”. The most debatable and ambiguous issue is the determination of legal status of the Declaration. Considering the fact that this document was adopted by the UN General Assembly in a form of the resolution, it has a recommendatory character. However, over time the Declaration has undergone certain legal transformation regarding the permanent development and refinement in the process of concluding of legally binding international human rights treaties that affected both domestic and international law. Taking into account the moral significance of the Declaration, as well as its the substantial contribution in the adoption of international and regional human rights treaties, national legislation and judicial practice, the author of the present article comes to the conclusion that the Declaration should be recognized as a document including norms of the customary international law. The author also concludes that in modern world, when a number of states have not still ratified the main international human rights treaties, the provisions of the Universal Declaration should be conceived for them as binding norms of customary international law. Such outcomes are established on the basis of the national judicial practice of sovereign states and the practice of the International Court of Justice that are analyzed in the present article
