339 research outputs found
Steroid Hormones and Endocrine Disruptors: Recent Advances in Receptor–Mediated Actions
Get PDFIt has been accepted that receptor-mediated action of steroid hormones depends on
both the receptor and the hormonal level. The mechanism of transcription by steroid
receptors is mediated by cofactors, which function as co-activators or co-repressors,
while their non-genomic actions depend on receptors localized to the cell membrane.
Recently, a number of environmental chemicals, which are now termed as endocrine
disruptors, have been identified, and their unwanted effects on our lives have become
serious problems all over the world. Their adverse effects on endocrine systems in
animals, mostly estrogenic or anti-estrogenic, have resulted in reproductive malfunction
and developmental disorders. Although aryl hydrocarbons exhibit estrogenic or anti-
estrogenic activity through specific interaction with aryl hydrocarbon receptors, other
chemicals seem to interact directly with estrogen receptors, α and β forms. In this
paper, we surveyed the most recent understanding of endocrine disruptors from the
viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. We suggest two potential mechanisms of action
for endocrine disruptors. Endocrine distruptors i) directly associate with steroid
receptor systems and/or ii) associate with the growth factor or the neurotransmitter
receptor systems, and then upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling
cascades, leading to the ligand-independent activation of steroid receptor systems. Using
these steroid receptor-dependent mechanisms, it appears that endocrine disruptors
disorder our endocrine systems. We have proposed future suggestions to further
understand endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems.
Key words: endocrine disruptors; receptor-mediated actions; steroid hormone
Steroid Hormones and Endocrine Disruptors: Recent Advances in Receptor–Mediated Actions
Get PDFIt has been accepted that receptor-mediated action of steroid hormones depends on
both the receptor and the hormonal level. The mechanism of transcription by steroid
receptors is mediated by cofactors, which function as co-activators or co-repressors,
while their non-genomic actions depend on receptors localized to the cell membrane.
Recently, a number of environmental chemicals, which are now termed as endocrine
disruptors, have been identified, and their unwanted effects on our lives have become
serious problems all over the world. Their adverse effects on endocrine systems in
animals, mostly estrogenic or anti-estrogenic, have resulted in reproductive malfunction
and developmental disorders. Although aryl hydrocarbons exhibit estrogenic or anti-
estrogenic activity through specific interaction with aryl hydrocarbon receptors, other
chemicals seem to interact directly with estrogen receptors, α and β forms. In this
paper, we surveyed the most recent understanding of endocrine disruptors from the
viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. We suggest two potential mechanisms of action
for endocrine disruptors. Endocrine distruptors i) directly associate with steroid
receptor systems and/or ii) associate with the growth factor or the neurotransmitter
receptor systems, and then upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling
cascades, leading to the ligand-independent activation of steroid receptor systems. Using
these steroid receptor-dependent mechanisms, it appears that endocrine disruptors
disorder our endocrine systems. We have proposed future suggestions to further
understand endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems.
Key words: endocrine disruptors; receptor-mediated actions; steroid hormone
Availability data and materials - Supplemental material for Anemia in Young Females: A Cross-Sectional Study Associated to Polymorphism of Duodenal Cytochrome B Gene and Daily Consumptions of Fruits and Vegetables
No full textSupplemental material, Availability data and materials, for Anemia in Young Females: A Cross-Sectional Study Associated to Polymorphism of Duodenal Cytochrome B Gene and Daily Consumptions of Fruits and Vegetables, by Liyana Ilmiyati, Dono Indarto and Brian Wasita in Nutrition and Health </p
A case-control study related to vitamin and mineral intake in female adolescents with iron deficiency anemia
Get PDFLatar belakang: Anemia defisensi besi (ADB) merupakan salah satu masalah nutrisi pada remaja putri di seluruh dunia. Penyerapan zat besi di usus halus dipengaruhi oleh adanya vitamin C, kalsium, dan zink pada makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola konsumsi vitamin A, vitamin C, kalsium dan zink terhadap kejadian ADB pada remaja putri.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control yang melibatkan 60 remaja putri dengan ADB dan 58 remaja putri tanpa ADB. Diagnosis ADB berdasarkan kadar Hb dan indeks eritrosit, dan semikuantitatif FFQ digunakan untuk menentukan asupan vitamin dan mineral. Semua data dianalisis menggunakan test chi square dan tes regresi logistik ganda dengan p<0.05.
Hasil: Semua subjek penelitian mempunyai asupan vitamin A dan C harian yang cukup tetapi asupan kalsium dan zinknya tergolong kurang (dalam mg). Namun, mereka semua memiliki frekuensi harian yang berbeda dalam mengkonsumsi mikronutrien tersebut. Remaja putri dengan asupan vitamin A yang jarang (OR=2.67; CI95%=1.10-6.50; p=0.03) dan asupan kalsium yang sering (OR=2.27; CI95%=0.85-6.03; p=0.10) lebih berisiko terkena ADB dibandingkan dengan remaja putri dengan asupan vitamin A yang sering dan asupan kalsium yang jarang. Akan tetapi hanya asupan vitamin A yang memiliki efek signifikan secara statistik.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingginya risiko ADB pada remaja putri berkaitan dengan asupan vitamin A yang jarang.
Kata kunci: anemia defisiensi besi, asupan mikronutrien, remaja putri
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a nutritional problem that occurs in female adolescents around the world. Iron absorption in the small intestine is influenced by the presence of vitamin C, calcium, and zinc in ingested foods. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and zinc intake with IDA in female adolescents.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 60 anemic and 58 normal female adolescents. IDA diagnosis was determined using Hb levels and erythrocyte indexes and the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to determine vitamin and mineral intake. All collected data were analyzed using chisquare and multiple logistic regression tests with p<0.05.
Results: All groups had an adequate intake of vitamin A and C but they had inadequate intake of calcium and zinc (in mg). However, they all had different frequencies in consuming those micronutrients. Rare intake of vitamin A (OR=2.67; CI95%=1.10-6.50; p=0.03) and frequent intake of calcium (OR=2.27; CI95%=0.85- 6.03; p=0.10) increased IDA, compared with frequent intake of vitamin A and rare intake of calcium but only vitamin A intake had a significant effect.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a higher risk of IDA in female adolescents is related to a rare intake of vitamin A.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; micronutrient intake; female adolescent
Upaya peningkatan kemampuan pangkalan TNI AU EL dari dalam mendukung tugas pertahanan di wilayah NTT
No full textAuthorship in the Interstices of History, Biography, Reality and Memory: Histoire(s) du cinéma and Cabra Marcado para Morrer
Get PDFEste artigo contrasta Histoire(s) du cinéma de Jean-Luc Godard e Cabra Marcado Para Morrer de Eduardo Coutinho, estão engajadas com a questão da autoria no cinema. Enquanto a imagem de Godard enfatiza a capacidade que tem um filme de transmitir a visão de mundo pessoal de um artista, a presença de Coutinho na tela funciona menos como um meio de subjetivar a obra do que como um catalizador instigando cetas reações nos "atores" filmados
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