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[Letter from Ramon F. Iturbe to Pedro J. Gonzalez]
No full textLetter from Ramon F. Iturbe to Pedro J. Gonzalez. Lines of text are printed at the paper's top, above a date and a wide column of paragraphed text. The bottom end of a paper clip appears near the page's top right corner
El "Nuevo diccionario italiano-español / Nuovo dizionario spagnuolo-italiano" de Felipe Linati y Delgado
No full textThis chapter contributes to the reconstruction of the Italian-Spanish lexicography in the 19th century with an in-depth study of Felipe Linati’s “Nuovo dizionario spagnuolo-italiano” (1887 first edition). This dictionary has been mentioned before but so far no one has studied it in detail nor made researches about its author and the sources that he could have consulted.
The study presents a new contribution on Felipe Linati’s life and lexicographic work, and on the two publishers that published the Spanish and the Italian editions. The detailed philological comparison of the two editions known till now has led to the discovery of a third unknown edition and to the Spanish and Italian sources of the dictionary. The latter do not exactly match those given by the author in the preface and question the date of the first and second edition. Therefore, the study illustrates not only the lexicographical work of the author of “Nuovo dizionario” but also a a chapter in the history of publishing in the late 19th century
Polarimetric Radio Occultation Forward Scattering Sensitivity to Hydrometeor Habit
No full text© 2025. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology and The Author(s). Government sponsorship acknowledged.The sensitivity of the polarimetric radio occultation (PRO) observable (ΔΦ) to different hydrometeor habits is assessed using discrete dipole approximation forward scattering computations in the PRO geometry. The used habits are those in the atmospheric radiative transfer simulator database. Results indicate that differences of more than one order of magnitude are to be expected when using plate-like habits with respect to soft aggregates, which may change significantly when a non-zero dispersion in the distribution of the tilt angles is assumed. The sensitivity of ΔΦ to different habits is assessed comparing actual observations with simulations performed using the weather research forecast model. For the studied case, the presence of plate-like habits is ruled out, and more importantly, it shows how PRO can be used to further constrain the shape of particles present in the sounded weather events, which may have implications for radiative transfer and data assimilation in numerical weather prediction models.This publication is part of the Grants RYC2021-033309-I and PID2021-126436OB-C22 funded by the MCIN/AEI (https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033) and the European Union “NextGenerationEU/PRTR” and “ERDF A way of making Europe.” Work performed at the ICE-CSIC was also partially supported by the program Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M. The computation of the look-up tables of the PRO scattering amplitude matrix was done for the EUMETSAT ROM SAF. The work performed by F. Joseph Turk has been conducted at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve this manuscript.With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M)Peer reviewe
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Government expenditures as a citizens'evaluation of public output : public choice and the benefit principle of taxation
No full textCombining elements from the theories of public choice and benefit taxation, the author develops a framework in which private citizens can evaluate public activities. Why, and under what circumstances, do bureaucrats increase the size of the public sector and the amount of public spending in their own self interest? What does the private sector think public output should be, what is actual public output, and how does the private sector evaluate that output? The author applies the theoretical results of an attempt to answer these questions in four Central European countries (Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia), using actual data for 1989-91 and projections for 1992. Interpreting indirect evidence, he shows that the private sector would prefer less government activity in all countries, from a low of 5 percent less public spending (in Poland) to a high of one-third less (in Slovenia). If those governments were to follow those guidelines, their spending-to-GDP ratios would more closely resemble the 1987-89 average for a selected group of European market economies. The author also introduces a more rigorous, if not necessarily more objective, approach to determining optimal government spending. This approach requires little information, but uses a static model and requires faith in the direction of causality for some key variables. To the extent that one can accept those limitations, the model may be a useful operational tool in public spending evaluation.Public Sector Economics&Finance,National Governance,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Fiscal&Monetary Policy
Structural changes in metals consumption
No full textFor 15 years the metals market has been characterized by slow growth - in some cases, even decline - in consumption. To test the proposition that structural changes in demand were the main cause of the slowdown, the author - drawing on U.S. data - uses an extended metals demand model that recognizes energy, labor, capital, and other materials as major inputs. The traditional model explains metals consumption in terms only of output and the prices of metal and its substitutes. It is inadequate to address the issue of structural change because it ignores other factors of production, such as energy, which have experienced dramatic changes. With the extended model, the null hypothesis of no structural change cannot be rejected for most metals. With the conventional model, the null hypothesis of no structural change is strongly rejected. Results with the extended model show that the downturn can be explained mostly by changes in the input variables, particularly such nonmetal inputs as capital and energy, which are much more important cost items than metals and have undergone drastic cost changes over the period.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Montreal Protocol,Mining&Extractive Industry (Non-Energy),Primary Metals
Multi-Sensor Fusion for Activity Recognition—A Survey
No full textIn Ambient Intelligence (AmI), the activity a user is engaged in is an essential part of the context, so its recognition is of paramount importance for applications in areas like sports, medicine, personal safety, and so forth. The concurrent use of multiple sensors for recognition of human activities in AmI is a good practice because the information missed by one sensor can sometimes be provided by the others and many works have shown an accuracy improvement compared to single sensors. However, there are many different ways of integrating the information of each sensor and almost every author reporting sensor fusion for activity recognition uses a different variant or combination of fusion methods, so the need for clear guidelines and generalizations in sensor data integration seems evident. In this survey we review, following a classification, the many fusion methods for information acquired from sensors that have been proposed in the literature for activity recognition; we examine their relative merits, either as they are reported and sometimes even replicated and a comparison of these methods is made, as well as an assessment of the trends in the area
Vegetation Characterization through the Use of Precipitation-Affected SAR Signals
No full textCurrent space-based SAR offers unique opportunities to classify vegetation types and to monitor vegetation growth due to its frequent acquisitions and its sensitivity to vegetation geometry. However, SAR signals also experience frequent temporal fluctuations caused by precipitation events, complicating the mapping and monitoring of vegetation. In this paper, we show that the influence of a priori known precipitation events on the signals can be used advantageously for the classification of vegetation conditions. For this, we exploit the change in Sentinel-1 backscatter response between consecutive acquisitions under varying wetness conditions, which we show is dependent on the state of vegetation. The performance further improves when a priori information on the soil type is taken into account.After publication of the research paper [1], the authors wish to make the following correction. The link to the affiliation of Ramon F. Hanssen should have been (1). Hence, the affiliation of Ramon F. Hanssen is Geoscience and Remote Sensing at Delft University of Technology. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. The change does not affect the scientific results. The manuscript will be updated and the original will remain online on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction. Reference 1. Molijn, R.A.; Iannini, L.; López Dekker, P.; Magalhães, P.S.; Hanssen, R.F. Vegetation Characterization through the Use of Precipitation-Affected SAR Signals. Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1647. [CrossRef]Mathematical Geodesy and PositioningOptical and Laser Remote Sensin
Trade restrictions with imported intermediate inputs : when does the trade balance improve?
No full textThe author's model demonstrates that when imports are predominantly intermediate inputs - as they are in most developing countries - import restrictions can not always be relied upon to improve the trade balance. Such restrictions act as a supply shock to the economy. Unless nontraded goods are intensive users of imported intermediaries, the general equilibrium consequence of import restrictions is a large enough reduction in export supplies to swamp the direct effect of the restrictions. The result is a deterioration of the trade balance.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Trade Policy,Rules of Origin
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