610 research outputs found
Artificial Intelligence to Enhance the Drilling of Composites
No full textA Master of Science thesis in Engineering Systems Management by Ibrahim Al Alami entitled, “Artificial Intelligence to Enhance the Drilling of Composites”, submitted in December 2023. Thesis advisor is Dr. Noha Hussein. Soft copy is available (Thesis, Completion Certificate, Approval Signatures, and AUS Archives Consent Form).Advances in the study of fibre reinforced polymers have led to a huge interest in applying them to multiple fields as an alternative to more costly materials such as their metallic counterparts. However, if the machining of fibre reinforced polymers is done incorrectly this will lead to many defects. Such problems might lead to the underutilization of the fibre reinforced polymers; therefore, optimizing the drilling process is necessary to eliminate the defects. Drilled composite panels must be free of defects for them to succeed in their structural applications. Therefore, the objective of this study is to enhance the drilling process of composites by developing a machine learning mathematical model which will be able to predict the failure behaviour considering the delamination area and fibre pullout area as the response variables in terms of a set of process parameters. The proposed methodology consists of several steps to assess the quality of the drilled hole. Firstly, the composite material selection discusses the process of selecting a specific composite material taking into consideration the material’s properties. Secondly, the experimental setup describes how the experiments were conducted and what machines and tools were used in the process. Thirdly, different inspection techniques are proposed to monitor the quality of a drilled hole during the drilling process and after. Lastly, the modelling of the response variable in terms of the process parameters and the process monitoring variable. Based on a specific sample thickness and tool diameter for the composite panel the machine learning model developed was able to provide the optimum feed rate and spindle speed values needed to attain the minimum delamination area and fibre pullout area. In addition, the in-process monitoring identified a threshold value for the delamination area in terms of the force exertion.College of EngineeringDepartment of Industrial EngineeringMaster of Science in Engineering Systems Management (MSESM
Enhanced Water Network Leak Detection Methods
No full textA Master of Science thesis in Engineering Systems Management by Suhail Salem Ibrahim Alablam entitled, “Enhanced Water Network Leak Detection Methods”, submitted in April 2021. Thesis advisor is Dr. Noha Mohamed Hassan Hussein. Soft copy is available (Thesis, Completion Certificate, Approval Signatures, and AUS Archives Consent Form).Water is an essential element and source of life. It is considered a scarce element that goes through several procedures for it be consumable. Once the water is treated and is deemed potable or clean, it is then distributed to the consumers through the water distribution network (WDN) from the generation plant or source. However, efficient water distribution is not always the case, as leakages in the (WDN) is inevitable. Leakages occur due to several reasons such as breakages in the pipelines, bad excavations, poor network maintenance and high water pressure. In addition to reducing the efficiency of supplying water, leakages in the WDN creates economic, social and quality/health problems. As a result, many methods are introduced in the water industry to identify leakages in the WDN such as acoustics detection, vibration utilization, underground imaging, modelling, and pressure-based methods. Although acoustic methods are costly and are one of the main detection methods, they suffer major drawbacks including long durations to detect leaks, inaccuracies in detecting leaks in non-metallic pipelines, and manpower dependencies. This research aims at enhancing the reliability and accuracy of acoustic methods through use of machine learning (ML). Most of the surveyed literature that used ML used experimental data or is not applied in an actual WDN to develop the models. In this research, real data collected from Dubai Electricity and Water Authority’s (DEWA) sound sensors that is used to develop and train a ML model. This model predicts the availability of a leak where the sensors are installed at an accuracy of 89% as per the tests conducted on a collection of data from several communities in Dubai. Finally, the economical applicability of using the ML model using the current system and a proposed smart system is conducted.College of EngineeringMultidisciplinary ProgramsMaster of Science in Engineering Systems Management (MSESM
Essays on the effect of inflation volatility and institutions on growth and development
No full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to analyze empirically and theoretically the impact of the decrease in inflation volatility versus the impact of the improvement in institutions on growth and development. The first chapter of this dissertation estimates the effects of inflation and inflation volatility on economic growth in the presence of different degrees of legal and financial institutions. The main contribution of this chapter is to show that while the level of inflation does not have a significant effect on growth, which is in line with previous studies; inflation volatility does significantly impact growth even for countries with moderately high levels on inflation. In addition, improving either legal or financial institutions has a statistically significant positive impact on growth and helps to reduce the negative impact of inflation volatility on growth.
The second chapter analyzes the channel through which inflation volatility and financial institutions affect a country's ability to borrow on international capital markets; which affects their ability to invest and therefore grow. The findings of this chapter show that reducing inflation volatility or improving financial institutions will significantly improve a country's sovereign debt rating leading to a drop in its cost of borrowing, which is to be quantified. One important contribution of this chapter is to show that it is inflation volatility that is important in determining a country's sovereign debt rating rather than the level of inflation which has been argued in the literature.
The welfare implications of the decrease in inflation volatility versus the improvement in institutions are quantified in chapter three. This chapter analyzes a micro-foundation based small open economy model that is used to help fully understand the dynamics of a decrease in inflation volatility and an improvement in institutions for a developing economy. The study finds that the welfare effect of improving institutions and of reducing inflation volatility is large with the largest effect being caused by an improvement in financial institutions. One policy implication of these results is that developing economies can get larger welfare gains from improving their institutions than from reducing inflation volatility.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-188)by Noha Emar
Garlic peel-based carbon quantum dots as a sustainable alternative for the sensitive and green spectrofluorometric quantification of molnupiravir in pharmaceutical capsules
No full textSearching for natural alternatives to replace environmentally harmful chemical reagents in analysis is just as crucial as finding easily accessible analytical tools. To reinforce these concepts, this study proposes a simple spectrofluorometric approach using natural carbon quantum dots (n-CQDs) as fluorescence probes for sensitive and environmentally friendly measurement of molnupiravir, an antiviral drug that was initially developed for influenza and has demonstrated potential efficacy against COVID-19. n-CQDs were synthesized using garlic peels (GP), a waste material, via a microwave-assisted method. n-CQDs have a characteristic broad absorbance and narrow emission spectrum, making it easier to analyze several targets. The GP-based n-CQDs showed maximum excitation/emission at 265/347 nm with an acceptable quantum yield. After reaction with molnupiravir, the produced n-CQDs demonstrated unique features to determine the tested analyte. Different factors influencing the synthesis of n-CQDs and their interaction with the studied drug, molnupiravir, were investigated and optimized. Using GP-based n-CQDs as fluorescent probe for measuring molnupiravir byfluorescence (FL), a green analytical approach based on the probes' fluorescence quenching was developed (GP- n-CQDs -QN-FL). The method demonstrated good linearity from 0.5 to 30 μg/mL and detection/quantitation limits of 0.19/0.5 μg/mL. Validation studies confirmed accuracy (98–102 % recovery), precision (<2 % RSD), robustness and selectivity. Various assessment indexes have been utilized to assess the environmental friendliness and suitability aspects of the suggested approach in comparison to other existing techniques. Furthermore, n-CQDs were successfully employed for the precise analysis of molnupiravir in its pharmaceutical capsules. The comprehensive results proved that the method can be deemed eco-friendly and feasible more than the other techniques for its intended purpose for molnupiravir determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms with an average recovery 101.17 %
Participatory Strategic Foresight Framework: Embracing Future Thinking in Design Education and Community Vision Planning
No full textChanges in society, student expectations, and technology continue to shift the ways in which we learn. The contemporary state of design education is being affected by changes in the professional realm that requires a future thinking-centered design to increase the citizen participation in designing their own future city-environment. As new forces reshape the academic landscape and conversations around educational accessibility pervade public debate, examining existing methodologies of design research and curricula is significant to enhance the student experience and equip them with the skills needed for future professional practice. Future thinking can be seen as a crucial premise to approach solving a problem in an innovative way. It is particularly essential
at circumstances in which challenges are complex, vague, and ambiguous. Any futures-focused effort, strategic foresight, or provocation about an alternate future scenario is a means of exploring and learning from generated possibilities. Design-Futures deal with the role of design in shaping future alternatives. Future thinking incorporates two particular approaches: diverging and converging. It requires both a flexible way of understanding, to come with different thoughts, and know-how to make responsible decisions. This chapter reviews the literature crossing strategic foresight and interior design with the accentuation put on how design students, educators and design practitioners may engage with the future to investigate the challenges to decision-making.
The author has developed a framework crossing the area of service & product design through future thinking, user and community centered design. The framework is structured to educate design practitioners effectively and also empower them to lead the market as change-makers. This paper will present case studies of participatory design workshops that addressed different areas of
concern but were underpinned by a shared approach. Through this framework, conclusion is presented as the elaboration of a futures thinking framework that can contribute to many other design disciplines
Using Twitter to study correlation between nutrition and health
No full textThe last two decades we became witnesses of a rapid development of distributed computing and
computer networks. Users that were initially restricted to access static text data that was available on
the Internet are now enjoying multimedia content that is even produced by other users in real-time. The
increasing proliferation and affordability of Internet devices, as well as the ease of publishing,
searching and accessing information on the web encourages the individual users to communicate their
content with the web society giving birth to the idea of social interaction imposing a growing need for
systems that can extract useful information from this amount of data. One of the fundamental problems
that emerged in social media stream analysis with a wide range of applications is to effectively detect
underlying topics and their associated documents. It becomes clear that modern social services and
social media show a substantial potential of providing society with a rather promising source of
information which prevails over the traditional ones on a series of important dimensions. Recruiting
social media in order to inform the public has proved to have a significantly lower operating cost in
conjunction with a better propagation velocity. These advantages encouraged the academic community
to investigate a framework under which a partial replacement of the traditional sentinel surveillance
services with web enhanced ones could take place. Mobilized by this emerging need and recognizing a
significant void in empirical studies that focus on nutrition, we randomly collected more than 200
millions tweets along with a series of accompanying features in a two months' period. Applying state of
the art text analysis techniques on the aforementioned dataset we were able to draw significant
conclusions on the dynamics that characterize the sentinel related traffic focusing mainly on well-being
aspects that are related with nutrition patterns within the population
Popularity of Floorball in the Czech Republic
No full textof bachelor thesis Title of thesis: Popularity of floorball in the Czech Republic Name of the author: Jakub Noha Department: Department of Kinanthropology and Humanities Subject of study: Sports management Head of the thesis: PhDr. Vladimír Janák CSc. Number of pages: 70 Number of enclosures: 1 Year of the Oral defence: 2011 Methodics: electronic questioning, analyse, evaluation and interpretation of facts Key words: Popularity, history and development of floorball, marketing research, electronic questioning, floorball at schools, popularity of floorball Summary: The bachelor thesis is about the research of populartity of floorball in the Czech Republic espacially among rising generation and also about awareness and konwledge of this sport. In the first part there is introduced genesis and development of floorball in the world and in the Czech Republic. There is described in more detail the process of marketing research. The other part presents results achieved by electronic questioning
The Development of the Egyptian Governmental Accounting System to Enhance the Matching between Revenues & Expenditures in Governmental Units
No full textThe main purpose of the research is to develop the Egyptian Governmental Accounting System to enhance the matching between Revenues & Expenditures in Governmental Units, and to achieve this goal, the researcher depends on Theoretical Books, References, Foreign and Arab Studies to support the applied study, which includes some questionnaire opinions from jurisdiction (Accountants, Managers and Economists), and Academics (University Professors).
Originality - Value: The study concluded some results that the main requirements to enhance the matching concept:
- Reviewing the Organizations of Financial Affairs and Operations Cycle Methods
- Numbering and Assigning Cost Centers
- Collecting and Transpiring Annual Financial Records and Information
- Matching Existing Conditions with the New Scheme
- Closing the Accounts
- Providing Basic Financial StatementsUnder Supervision: Dr/ Ibrahim Hamad Dr/ Mohammed Lotf
Victoria K, Delphine Seyrig et moi ou La petite chaise jaune : un matrimoine en conversion d’archives
No full textLe texte lauréat du Prix RFI Théâtre (2019) Victoria K, Delphine Seyrig et moi ou La petite chaise jaune (2021) de Valérie Cachard s’inscrit dans la mouvance de la « littérature hors du livre » (Rosenthal et Ruffel, 2010 : 4), où l’auteur·trice légitime la réception de son texte à travers une performance narrative. Après avoir interrogé la nature et le bien-fondé des archives intimes de Victoria K, lettres extraites de son journal intime abandonné dans sa maison, l’article s’intéresse aux allers-retours entre la fiction et le réel fictionnel qui systématisent une mémoire solidaire de la guerre civile en apparence fragmentaire. La performance du texte à Beyrouth par la dramaturge et son acolyte artistique Hadi Deaibes tend à éroder les dimensions sociopolitiques de l’archivage au profit d’une hybridation des identités scéniques. Cette contribution, coécrite par Noha Nemer et son amie de longue date Valérie Cachard, propose une réflexion sur l’expropriation discursive, esthétique et scénique d’une littérature intimiste.The award-winning text of the RFI Theater Prize (2019), Victoria K, Delphine Seyrig et moi ou La petite chaise jaune (2021) by Valérie Cachard, falls within the trend of “literature beyond the book” (“littérature hors du livre”; Rosenthal and Ruffel, 2010: 4), where the author legitimizes the reception of their text through a narrative performance. After questioning the nature and validity of the intimate archives of Victoria K – letters taken from her diary left behind in her house – the article focuses on the back-and-forth between fiction and fictional reality, which creates a cohesive memory of the seemingly fragmented civil war. The text’s performance in Beirut by the playwright and her artistic collaborator Hadi Deaibes tends to erode the sociopolitical dimensions of archiving in favor of a hybridization of stage identities. This contribution, co-written by Noha Nemer and her long-time friend Valérie Cachard, offers a reflection on the discursive, aesthetic, and scenic expropriation of intimate literature
Orthogonal Classification of Middleware Technologies
No full textInternational audienceThis article describes middleware by adopting a horizontal and a vertical layer views. Middleware are enabling technologies for application development and execution in ubiquitous environments. In the horizontal view, we find most types of middleware developed so far, such as MOM, ORB, databases middleware and more recently SOA. Two new concepts emerged in this category, the ''middleware of sensors" and the ''middleware of middlewares". The vertical layer distinguishes two essential properties that characterize nowadays middleware and define what is called to be the ubiquitous middleware and the self-* middleware. This article briefly explains all these key words and exposes the directions in which these new areas of research could proceed. It than introduces the spontaneous middleware as a new property for ubiquity in the vertical layer and highlights what spontaneity brings to the different types of middleware
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