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Evaluating the Promotional Effectiveness of AI-Generated vs. Traditional Images: A Comparative Study of Visual Styles
No full textThis research aims to examine the impact of different types of images—including Human-designed images, real images, semi-realistic images, and AI-generated images—on promotional metrics in digital campaigns. Data were analyzed from posts on the Moslim Leader Facebook page between 2023 and 2024, assessing the promotional performance of images using key performance indicators (KPIs) such as reach, interactions, and interaction rate (Inter%).
The findings indicate that semi-realistic images outperformed all other types in organic campaigns during 2023, achieving the highest reach and interaction rates, suggesting their effectiveness in capturing audience attention. AI-generated images demonstrated moderate performance in organic campaigns but achieved high interaction rates in paid campaigns, reflecting their ability to enhance engagement in sponsored advertisements. In contrast, real images and heman-designed images did not show a significant advantage over other types in terms of promotional performance.
In 2024, the data did not reveal significant differences among the various image types, which may indicate market saturation with AI-generated visual content or advancements in design technologies that have made all categories more competitive.
This study highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate image type based on the nature of the campaign. Semi-realistic images can yield outstanding results in organic promotion, while AI-generated images are an effective choice for paid campaigns. The study recommends developing design strategies that integrate artificial intelligence with human creativity to achieve optimal promotional performance amid ongoing digital transformations
Surface EMG-based gesture recognition using wavelet transform and ensemble learning
No full textThis work is financially supported by the Effat University.There are several uses for surface electromyography (sEMG), but one crucial application is in human-machine interaction (HMI). HMI systems can benefit from the integration of the sEMG to provide more flexible and responsive user interfaces. By adjusting their muscular activity, users can operate machines, computers, virtual reality platforms, and other electronic devices, providing an alternative to conventional input methods. The hands are essential for gripping and working with various objects. Human activity is impacted when even one hand is lost. For the subjects who lost their hands, a prosthetic hand is an enticing remedy in this regard. When designing prosthetic hands for industrial and assistive uses, the sEMG is a crucial component. By combining many classifier models in a weighted manner, the ensemble classifiers outperform other methods. Therefore utilizing sEMG signals that were captured during the grabbing actions with different objects for each of the six hand motions, the viability of the bagging and boosting ensemble classifiers is evaluated for the fundamental hand movement recognition in this research. There are three stages in the suggested procedure. Denoising is done using the Multiscale Principal Component Analysis (MSPCA) in the first stage. The second stage involves extracting features from the sEMG signals using a novel feature extraction technique called the Tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT), after which the statistical values of the TQWT subbands are mined to attain a dimension reduction. The final stage involves feeding the acquired feature set into an ensemble classifier to identify the desired hand movements. Different performance indicators are used to compare the Random Subspace and Rotation Forest algorithm-based ensemble classifiers’ performances. A 98.9% classification accuracy is obtained by using the TQWT-derived features in conjunction with the Rotation Forest plus SVM/Random Forest/REP Tree/LDA Tree. As a result, the findings indicate that the suggested approach is a strong contender for the realization of modern HMI systems.Effat Universit
Community Cultural Centre
No full textThis architectural thesis focuses on the design of a Community Educational and
Recreation Centre in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The project scope is to serve the local
community with a total area approximation of 15,000 square meters on a 30,000
square meter site. The approach for this thesis involves a comprehensive research
process that includes four main chapters: Introduction, Case Studies Analysis, Site
Selection for the Proposed Community Center, and Building Program. This
research approach results in a comprehensive documented pre-design process that
provides guidance for the subsequent design phase. The outcome of this
comprehensive research process is a well-selected site for the proposed project, a
complete program, and a thorough understanding that equips the student with the
necessary knowledge to confidently proceed with the design phase.
This project being a recreational and educational community center means that it is
characterized by its multifaceted nature, providing both recreational and
educational opportunities to the community. The project is primarily characterized
by the prominent presence of a library, which serves as its most significant feature.
The recreational facilities within the center, such as sports areas, and multipurpose
theatres, complement the educational focus of the library, creating a holistic
environment that caters to the physical, mental, and intellectual well-being of the
communit
Contemporaneous spillovers across foreign exchange markets
No full textThe study of financial shock propagation across markets has motivated
numerous researchers to investigate the mechanisms of return
and volatility spillovers in order to prevent harmful shock transmission.
This article studies the contemporaneous spillovers by employing a
structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model with Markov switching
covariance matrix to solve the identification problem. The proposed
method offers a smooth convergence that handles several drawbacks of
existing procedures. Moreover, this article develops a new framework
to analyze the contemporaneous asymmetric volatility spillovers, which
adds a great deal of knowledge by separating the effects of good news
and bad news on shock transmissions. Application on major exchange
rate returns and volatilities shows that the contemporaneous effects
have different intensities for all pairwise currencies. Furthermore, the
asymmetric analysis reveals that good (bad) volatility has a contemporaneous
positive effect on good (bad) volatility, while the risk due to
good (bad) news negatively affects the risk due to an opposite shock
The Miracles of Solomon: A Comparative Study of Al-Thaʿlabī’s Qiṣaṣ Al-Anbiyāʾ and 'The City of Brass,' a Tale in the Arabian the Arabian Nights Collection
No full textSolomon’s miracles lived beyond the time of the king himself, as his legend circulated in different geographical areas for several centuries. These miracles resonated from the sixth to the thirteenth centuries, constituting a common cultural legacy, shared by the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic societies. In the Qur’ān, Solomon could command the wind and communicate with birds and demons; in Al-Thaʿlabi’s Qiṣaṣ Al-Anbiyāʾ, Solomon’s throne, a sculpted design with three thousand chairs of gold and silver around them, followed him wherever he went. Motifs of Solomon’s miracles are found in a series of commentaries, anthologies, folktales, and erudite traditions. This study aims to explore the textual representations of Solomon's miracles in Al-Thaʿlabi’s Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyāʾ (Lives of the Prophets) and “The City of Brass,” a tale in the Arabian Nights collection. To achieve this goal, the portrayal of Solomon and the implications of his miracles are compared within the frameworks of the two narratives. Because religious and fantastical texts are shaped in their historical and cultural contexts, a historical approach is applied to help situate the narratives within their contexts and investigate how these accounts reflect the social and religious dynamics of their time. By exploring the structural and thematic parallels and divergences of these two accounts, the study offers insights into the multifaceted interpretations of Solomon’s story within Islamic literature and folktales, contributing to the broader understanding of Solomon as a figure of wisdom and miraculous power
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No full textThe paper investigates the effectiveness of gamification in enhancing student engagement, motivation, and physical activity within secondary school physical education classes. Over six weeks, 120 students participated in gamified PE sessions that included game elements like goals, feedback, and leaderboards. The study found significant improvements in cognitive engagement, perceived competence, and physical activity levels—students took more steps, exercised longer, and burned more calories. The authors conclude that gamification can be a powerful strategy to increase participation and motivation in physical education, with potential for broader educational applications.Introduction: The increasing number of students who remain physically inactive creates dual health and educational problems that call for new PE strategies. Research demonstrates that gamification enhances student participation levels as well as their motivational factors while increasing their physical movement. Objective: The research evaluates how gamified PE classes affect student participation levels together with their internal drive and physical movement. Methodology: A six-week quasi-experimental study examined middle school student participation through an examination of 120 subjects. The PE activities used competition-enhancing game elements including goals and feedback systems and leaderboards. The researchers evaluated engagement through cognitive behavioral and emotional domains and used the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory to measure motivation. Wearable fitness trackers tracked the number of steps
students took as well as the length of their activities and their expended energy. Results: Tests yielded significant findings showing that engagement showed substantial growth (t = 5.47, p < 0.001) especially in cognitive engagement aspects. The participants exhibited significant enhancement in their perception of competence as well as their sense of autonomy and relatedness between subjects (p < 0.001). The participants achieved better physical activity outcomes through 1,600 additional daily steps and a 60-minute increase in active time and 600 kcal increase in expended energy. Conclusion: Gamified PE interventions help boost student engagement while improving their motivation toward health activities and active behavior changes. Short-term evaluations in this research have proven effective yet long-term results alongside educational strategy combinations need additional research
Determinants of real estate investment in GCC region
No full textThis paper investigates the firm-level and market-level determinants of Net Asset Value per Share
(NAVSHR), a critical metric for evaluating company value, particularly in asset-intensive industries such as
real estate investment trusts (REITs) and infrastructure firms. Drawing on a rich dataset of publicly listed
firms, the study employs a combination of descriptive statistical analysis, pairwise correlation matrices, and
multivariate regression modeling to uncover key relationships among variables such as dividends, net income,
total assets, market returns, and firm-specific beta measures.
Initial descriptive statistics reveal substantial heterogeneity across firms, with certain variables—such as Beta
and NAV per share—exhibiting extreme values and wide dispersion. This suggests data integrity issues,
structural differences among firms, or potential measurement inconsistencies. Pairwise correlations highlight
a tightly interwoven relationship between dividend-related variables and firm valuation indicators. Notably,
Dividend Per Share shows almost perfect correlation with Net Asset Value (r = 0.999) and a strong association
with Last Price (r = 0.903), supporting classical finance theories that posit dividend policy as a strong signal
of firm performance and investor confidence. Furthermore, the Rolling 12-Month Beta—a dynamic measure
of systematic risk—demonstrates strong positive correlations with NAV (r = 0.805) and Dividend (r = 0.747),
underscoring the relationship between market exposure and firm size or financial structure
Mental Health Treatment Center with Sensory Rooms for children.
No full textThis research investigates the impact of interior design in the development of a Mental Health
Treatment Center with Sensory Rooms for Children, focusing on therapeutic environments that address the sensory and emotional needs of young patients. With the rising prevalence of mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD among children, the study emphasizes the role of sensory rooms equipped with features like color therapy, soundproofing, tactile surfaces, and adjustable lighting in creating calming and healing spaces.
Through a combination of literature reviews, case studies, survey analyses, and the application of Saudi Building Codes and human factors standards, this research identifies design strategies that enhance emotional regulation, reduce stress, and promote recovery. The findings contribute to the growing field of child-centered healthcare design, offering practical guidelines and highlighting the integration of sensory-based interventions in mental health facilities. The study
serves as a foundation for future developments in the design of therapeutic spaces, particularly in
the context of Saudi Arabia and similar regions
The Impact of Board of Directors' Characteristics on ESG Disclosures: Evidence from Saudi Arabi
No full textThis study explores the impact of board of directors' characteristics (BOD) on the ESG
disclosures within the Saudi banking sector. this study evaluates how board size (BS), board
independence (BI), gender diversity (GD), and meeting attendance (MA) affect the
transparency and extent of ESG reporting. Using a panel dataset of 10 banks Tadawul from
2018 to 2024. The findings reveal that BI, GD, and MA have increased ESG disclosures,
indicating that these governance traits enhance sustainability oversight and accountability.
Conversely, board size does not exhibit a significant impact, suggesting that simply increasing
board members may not contribute to more comprehensive ESG reporting. The study presented
BOD as an active mechanism in promoting responsible corporate behavior and offers policy
recommendations to regulators aiming to improve ESG transparency in emerging markets like
Saudi Arabia
Compassion Enhances Adaptive Performance of Health Employees by Broadening Their Creative Cognition
No full textContemporary healthcare settings characterize cognitively complex and emotionally divergent work demands entailing a high pressure on healthcare professionals for adaptive performance. This study underscored the significance of a well-integrated set of emotional and cognitive capabilities, connecting compassion and creative cognition, for healthcare professionals to address the demand for adaptive performance. Building on Broaden and Build theory (B&B) of positive emotions, this study hypothesized that compassion, which is positive emotion comprising of care and assistance to reduce others suffering, can enhance adaptive performance of healthcare professionals when positively associated with their creative cognition. This study used purposive sampling method and collected data from 408 doctors serving in public service hospitals to test the mediating role of compassion between adaptive creative cognition and adaptive performance of healthcare professionals. The statistical results demonstrate a direct and significant association of compassion with creative cognition as well as adaptive performance as well as a significant mediating role of creative cognition between compassion and adaptive performance of healthcare professionals. This study indirectly through creative cognition. This study proffered a discovery of unique integration between two distinctly identified facets of adaptive job performance. This finding highlights how specific emotions trigger creativity to satisfy the unique performance demands in healthcare settings.N