1,720,961 research outputs found
DEMOCRACIA E MISÉRIA: sobre a filosofia de Tocqueville, organizado por Helena Esser dos Reis
Get PDFAuthor of the classic Democracy in America, the French thinker Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) also revealed himself to be a refined analyst of the social question, in two essays he wrote on the question of pauperism, between 1835 and 1837. These texts, which remained practically unpublished in Brazil, were translated by Professor Helena Esser dos Reis (UFG), in the book Democracy and Misery (Almedina Brasil, 2020), which also contains a series of six essays by renowned interpreters of the author\u27s work. The work in question not only sheds light on aspects still little investigated in Tocquevillian thought, but also represents a great contribution to the current debate on the problem of poverty and social inequality.Autor del clásico Democracia en América, el pensador francés Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) también se reveló como un refinado analista de la cuestión social, en dos ensayos que escribió sobre la cuestión del pauperismo, entre 1835 y 1837. Esos textos, que quedaron prácticamente inéditos en Brasil, fueron traducidos por la profesora Helena Esser dos Reis (UFG), en el libro Democracia y miseria (Almedina Brasil, 2020), que también contiene una serie de seis ensayos de reconocidos intérpretes de la obra del autor. El trabajo en cuestión no solo arroja luz sobre aspectos aún poco investigados en el pensamiento tocquevilliano, sino que también representa un gran aporte al debate actual sobre el problema de la pobreza y la desigualdad social.Autor do clássico A democracia na América, o pensador francês Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) também se revelou um analista refinado da questão social, em dois ensaios que escreveu sobre a questão do pauperismo, entre os anos de 1835 e 1837. Ambos os textos, que permaneciam praticamente inéditos no Brasil, ganharam uma tradução da professora Helena Esser dos Reis (UFG), no livro Democracia e miséria (Almedina Brasil, 2020), que também traz uma série de seis ensaios de intérpretes renomados da obra do autor. A obra em questão não só ilumina aspectos ainda poucos investigados no pensamento tocquevilliano, como também representa uma grande contribuição para o atualíssimo debate sobre o problema da miséria e da desigualdade social
O QUE NOS FAZ AGIR? DISCUSSÕES FILOSÓFICAS SOBRE OS FUNDAMENTOS DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
No full textA discussão acerca dos direitos humanos parece-me uma importante contribuição que aqueles que se dedicam à filosofia política podem dar ao mundo contemporâneo globalizado e interdependente. Analisando idéias e concepções que parecem óbvias ou irretorquíveis e por meio do diálogo acadêmico interdisciplinar e com as pessoas em geral, podemos buscar maior clareza acerca dos fundamentos da ação humana. Não se trata de oferecer respostas, mas de pensar e falar publicamente sobre a inserção e a responsabilidade das pessoas no mundo. Eis, portanto, o propósito de minha exposição: tendo como base a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos de 1948, convido-os para conversarmos sobre o que nos faz agir. Ou, mais precisamente, sobre o agir em comum – uns com os outros – de modo que todos possam participar integrando-se à comunidade. Iniciarei investigando alguns artigos da Declaração, buscando discernir o que deve nortear as ações de cada pessoa e das instituições civis e políticas. Em seguida, evidenciando a necessidade – reconhecida pela própria Declaração – de um esforço de ensino e educação para efetivação de ações baseadas no respeito aos seus princípios, passaremos a discutir o tipo de esforço solicitado. Finalmente buscaremos compreender o sentido de que ensino e educação ganham no âmbito da Declaração discutindo acerca da possibilidade de ajustes entre princípios e ação. Contudo, este parece-me o nó górdio da efetivação dos direitos humanos no mundo contemporâneo. Não há uma resposta, penso que se trata de uma construção a ser feita pela discussão pública, com a participação de todos. Pois bem, é para essa discussão que os convido
Interdisciplinaridade: entrevista com Olga Pombo
Get PDFProfessor Helena Esser and professor Heitor Pagliaro, head and vice-head of the PhD Program in Human Rights at the Federal University of Goias, interviewed professor Olga Pombo, from the University of Lisbon (Portugal) about interdisciplinarity, a theme on which she dedicated many decades of research.A professora Olga Pombo, da Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal), concedeu uma entrevista à professora Helena Esser dos Reis e ao professor Heitor Pagliaro, coordenadora e vice-coordenador - respectivamente - do Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Direitos Humanos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, sobre interdisciplinaridade, tema de pesquisa ao qual Olga Pombo se dedica há décadas
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sobre la tarea política de construcción de la igualdad social: un abordaje de las ideas de Tocqueville
Get PDFThe remarkable words we find in the introduction of Democracy in America induces the reader to the hope that social equality will arrive by itself, independent of men’s will. However, it seems to us that this introduction should not be read independently from the text that comes just before, neither of other Tocqueville’s books which make us understand: in first place, that there is a binding between social conditions and politics; and, in second place, that this binding implies mutual determination. In this sense, it is very illustrative the analysis by Tocqueville of the industrialization process in North-America and the rural exodus accompanying the industrialization in England and Ireland at beginning of the 19th. In both cases, the author observes that the new industrial system produces, apart of material goods, two inalterably opposed classes in the social and political scene. Based on this analysis, Tocqueville denounces those hard relations holding between the social and political extents. Therefore, in the symposium about Alexis de Tocqueville’s ideas nowadays, which press us to think our time using his ideas, our purpose is to analyze the tension lying under the reciprocal determination between equality of social conditions and political freedom. Next, we envisage a discussion over the issue of political commitments (for state institutions and for citizenship action) in order to construct social conditions warranting freedom and equality as a common right for all citizens.La fuerza de las palabras presentes en la introducción de La Democracia en América predispone al lector a considerar que la igualdad social de condiciones advendrá por si misma, queriendo los hombres o no. No obstante, me parece que esta introducción no debe ser leída independientemente del texto que antecede, ni de las demás obras de Tocqueville que nos hacen comprender, en primer lugar, que hay un vínculo directo entre condiciones sociales y políticas y, en segundo lugar, que este vínculo implica una mutua determinación. En este sentido, es bastante ilustrativo el análisis de Tocqueville sobre los procesos de industrialización norteamericano y de éxodo rural e industrialización en Inglaterra y Irlanda en inicios del siglo XIX. En ambos casos, el autor observa que el nuevo sistema industrial produce, además de bienes materiales, dos clases antagónicas e inalterables que conforman el escenario social y político. Basado en estos análisis, Tocqueville denuncia las relaciones difíciles entre el ámbito social y el político. De esta manera, en la jornada sobre la vigencia del pensamiento de Aléxis de Tocqueville, que nos remite a pensar el presente a partir de sus ideas, nuestro propósito será analizar la tensión en la determinación recíproca existente entre la igualdad de condiciones sociales y la libertad política para, entonces, discutir el compromiso político (de las instituciones del estado y de la acción de los ciudadanos) de construir condiciones sociales que garanticen la libertad y la igualdad como un derecho común a todos los ciudadanos
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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