1,720,997 research outputs found
Modeling Use-Case Sequential Dependencies Using ACL
No full textUML’s support for modeling inter-use-case semantics is very limited. Briand and Labiche (2002) propose the TOTEM methodology to address the generation of tests for such dependencies. However, their generation algorithm, which heavily relies the notion of interleaving, presents one major problem: even for small examples, the number of sequences of use cases to test is unmanageable. The question we ask is: is it feasible to capture use cases and their sequential dependencies in a specification whose executability can allow system-level testing while avoiding the explosion of the number of use case sequences to generate? To answer positively this question we develop a specification for TOTEM’s library system in Arnold and Corriveau’s ACL specification language and explain how this specification can be used to generate a manageable number of tests. The key idea is that by modeling use case mutual independence we can considerably reduce the number of tests
Pakistan’da hadis tartışmaları
Full text link06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Semavî dinlerin temel gayesi insan ve cin olmak üzere mükellef olan mahlûkata Allah'ın isteğine uyumlu hayat düzeni sunarak, onlara dünya ve ahirette başarılı olabilme imkânı sağlamaktır. Mezkûr esastan hareketle karşımıza çıkan ilk soru dinin nereden öğrenileceğidir. Bu sorunun cevabı olarak bütün semâvî dinler esas olarak peygamberi referans göstermiştir. Fakat peygamberin kendisine indirilen vahye (kitaba) getirdiği açıklamalar ile diğer davranışlarının dindeki yeri ve bağlayıcılığı gibi önemli konular üzerinde farklı tartışmalar gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen konunun farklı yönleriyle ilgili Pakistan'daki düşünürlerin görüşleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma, giriş, dört bölüm ve sonuçtan oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında tezin konusu ve önemi, araştırmanın amacı ve yöntemiyle birlikte bazı kaynaklar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Birinci bölüm Hz. Peygamber'in otoritesiyle alakalıdır. Bu bölümde Hz. Peygamber'e Kur'ân dışında vahiy verilip verilmeme meselesi ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra ise Hz. Peygamber'in otoritesinin mahiyeti, yani onun davranışlarının bağlayıcılığının sınırları hakkındaki görüş farklılıkları üzerinde durulmuştur. İkinci bölüm Hz. Peygamber'e nispet edilen söz, fiil ve takrirlerinin (hadis/sünnet) dindeki yerine ilişkindir. Bu bölümde hadis/sünnet kavramı, hücciyeti, Kur'ân'la olan ilişkisi, bunların tespit ölçütleri ve anlama esasları hakkındaki tartışmalardan bahsedilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, hadis tarihi ve usulü hakkındaki tartışmalar işlenmiştir. Burada hadis rivâyetinin ne zaman ve neden başladığı, hadislerin yazılması ve tedvini hakkındaki bazı hususlar, hadis uydurma hareketlerinin başlangıcı ve bunun kimi sebeplerinden bahsedilirmiştir. Ayrıca hadisçiler tarafından, hadis ve sünnetin tespiti için ortaya konulan usuller üzerindeki tartışmalar zikredilmiştir. Dördünce bölümde ise önceki bölümlerde zikredilen farklı görüşlerden hareketle bazı hadisler hakkında metin açısından cereyan eden tartışmalar ele alınmıştır. Nihayet tez sonuç kısmıyla tamamlanmıştır.The heavenly religions aim to provide believers the code of life in harmony with Allah's will and to enable them to succeed in the world and the hereafter. The first question that arises from the aforementioned principle is from where to learn the religion. As an answer to this question, all revelation-based religions mainly referred to their respective prophets. Contrary to this, there were different debates on important issues such as the significance of Prophet's explanations, teachings and deeds in relation to his revelations (Book). This study examines the different aspects of opinions of Pakistani scholars about the above mentioned issues. The study consists of introduction, four chapters and conclusion. The introductory part includes significance, objectives and research methodology of the study. The first chapter is about the authority of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It discusses the issue of whether or not revelation excluding the Holy Qur'an was revealed to him (PBUH). Different opinions about the nature of the authority of the Prophet (PBUH) and the boundaries of the binding of his behaviour are also emphasized. The second chapter discusses the difference of opinions about the terms of hadith and sunnah, its authority and authenticity, its relationship with the Holy Qur'an. Their determined criteria and principles of understanding are also discussed. The third chapter discusses the history of hadith, its process of narration, compilation, beginning of the hadith fabrication movements and their reasons. In addition, the discussions about the methods put forward by muhaddithin to examine the authenticity hadiths also are mentioned. The fourth chapter includes discussions on some specific hadiths from textual aspect which have been considered unauthentic or fabricated. The final part is based upon conclusions of the thesis
Heat and mass transfer analysis for crud coated PWR fuel
Full text linkIn water-cooled nuclear reactors, various species are present in the coolant, either
in ionic solution, or entrained as very fine particles. Most arise from corrosion of
primary circuit surfaces, or from chemicals, such as boric acid, lithium
hydroxide, zinc and hydrogen, deliberately added to the coolant. These materials
deposit on the surfaces of fuel pins, typically in the upper regions of the core,
forming what is generally termed “crud”. This thesis reports a study of the
thermal-hydraulic consequences of this deposit. These crud deposits are
generally found to contain a large population of through-thickness chimneys,
and it is believed that this gives rise to a wick-boiling mechanism of heat transfer.
A coupled two-dimensional model of the processes of heat conduction, advection
and species diffusion in the crud has been developed. An iterative scheme has
been employed to solve the set of coupled equations of each process. The wick
boiling process has been found to be an efficient heat transfer mode, taking away
about 80% of the heat generated.
It has also been found that consideration of heat transfer in the clad can increase
the predicted solute concentration in the crud. The effects of some important
parameters, such as chimney density, chimney radius, porosity of the crud, crud
thickness, clad heat flux and boron concentration in the coolant have been
investigated. The fuel thermal performance has been characterized in terms of an
effective crud thermal conductivity, and the non-linear dependence this has on
parameters such as crud thickness and chimney density had been determined.
Lastly, it is observed that plausible pore sizes of the crud, coupled with higher
temperatures in the crud, may be such that a film of vapour is generated at the
base of the crud. Initial estimates are presented of the cladding temperatures and
solute concentration that may be generated as a consequence of this vapour
layer
Two dual-function regulatory sRNAs in Bacillus subtilis, and their role in RNA degradation and sporulation
Full text linkThis study was conducted to identify a new function of the trans-encoded sRNA SR1 and to characterize a small protein encoded by the new potential dual-function sRNA SR7 in the Gram-positive model organism B. subtilis. The small RNA SR1 was found to inhibit translation of kinA mRNA. Neither the SR1 encoded peptide SR1P plays any role in the regulation of kinA nor SR1 influences the stability of kinA mRNA. The role of SR1 in sporulation was confirmed by analysing its effects on the promoters of downstream genes controlled by KinA through Spo0A. No role of Hfq or CsrA in sporulation was observed. SR1 was found to decelerate sporulation when glucose is exhausted. Moreover, SR1 impacted spore properties. Spores formed in the absence of SR1 exhibited lower resistance to stress conditions and displayed an altered composition of spore coat proteins. The sr7 gene was tagged in its native locus with a C-terminal 3x FLAG tag and the synthesis of the small protein SR7P confirmed in Western blots. Threefold increased amounts of SR7P were produced under different stress conditions. In co-elution experiments the glycolytic enzyme enolase was identified as interaction partner for SR7P. The binding of SR7P to enolase in turn improved the binding of enolase to RNase Y present in the DLN of B. subtilis. By contrast, it had no effect on the interaction of enolase with PfkA also present in the DLN. Enolase carries ten times more RNase Y in the presence of SR7P. RNA is not bridging the interaction between SR7P and enolase. SR7P does not directly bind RNase Y. In vitro RNase Y activity assays revealed a role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y. The role of SR7P in modulation of the activity of Eno-bound RNase Y was confirmed in vivo for rpsO mRNA. Taken together, both small RNAs SR1 and SR7 are involved in the regulation of sporulation and modulation of DLN in B. subtilis under glucose limiting and stress conditions
Masculinities: Tracing the Trajectories of Gender Performance in War Poetry
No full textThis paper critically examines the war songs and poems of men who fought in the post 9/11 Afghanistan war. The study locates the analysis within the socio-cultural influences that left an impact on the ‘manly’ soldiers, allowing a 'micro mapping' of masculinity to be revealed in these men’s writings. Using thematic analysis techniques, fifty war songs and poemsfrom the years 2007 and 2008 are analyzed through the lens of masculinity and its performance. The critical investigation of the war songs and poems found that the performative dimension of masculinities in war spread around the themes of youth warriors; weapons; arms and war machinery; state of politics and need for an Islamic government; the motif of red color; and glorification of death. The religion Islam, their homeland Afghanistan and its traditional culture constantly act as a fuel to evoke overpowering emotions for the soldiers and their passion for fighting. It is furthermore found that the locally constructed masculinities informed the context ofthe Afghanistan War. This has implications for the way we understand masculinities especially in war poetry. As the paper demonstrates, the multiple ways in which the notion of masculinity is manifested in war poems point to the need to break free from the stereotypical understandings of warriors from conservative religious backgrounds. Este artículo examina de forma crítica las canciones de guerra y los poemas de hombres que lucharon en la guerra afgana posterior al 11/9. El estudio ubica el análisis dentro de las influencias socioculturales que dejaron un impacto en los soldados-hombre, permitiendo que se revelara un "micro mapa" de la masculinidad en los escritos de estos hombres. Usando técnicas de análisis temático, se analizaron cincuenta canciones de guerra y poemas de los años 2007 y 2008 a través del lente del desarrollo de la masculinidad. La investigación sobre las canciones y poemas de guerra encontró que la dimensión performativa de las masculinidades en la guerra se extiende alrededor de los temas de los guerreros jóvenes; armas; armas y maquinaria de guerra; estado de la política y necesidad de un gobierno islámico; el motivo del color rojo; y glorificación de la muerte. La religión del Islam, su tierra natal Afganistán y su cultura tradicional actúan de forma constante como un combustible para evocar emociones abrumadoras para los soldados y su pasión por la lucha. Se observa que las masculinidades construidas localmente informan sobre el contexto de la guerra afgana. Esto tiene implicaciones en la forma en que entendemos las masculinidades especialmente en la poesía de guerra. Como demuestra el artículo, las múltiples formas en que se manifiesta la noción de masculinidad en los poemas de guerra apuntan a la necesidad de liberarse de las comprensiones estereotipadas de guerreros de contextos religiosos conservadores
Masculinidades: Rastreando las Trayectorias de Género en la Poesía de Guerra
No full textThis paper critically examines the war songs and poems of men who fought in the post 9/11 Afghanistan war. The study locates the analysis within the socio-cultural influences that left an impact on the ‘manly’ soldiers, allowing a 'micro mapping' of masculinity to be revealed in these men’s writings. Using thematic analysis techniques, fifty war songs and poemsfrom the years 2007 and 2008 are analyzed through the lens of masculinity and its performance. The critical investigation of the war songs and poems found that the performative dimension of masculinities in war spread around the themes of youth warriors; weapons; arms and war machinery; state of politics and need for an Islamic government; the motif of red color; and glorification of death. The religion Islam, their homeland Afghanistan and its traditional culture constantly act as a fuel to evoke overpowering emotions for the soldiers and their passion for fighting. It is furthermore found that the locally constructed masculinities informed the context ofthe Afghanistan War. This has implications for the way we understand masculinities especially in war poetry. As the paper demonstrates, the multiple ways in which the notion of masculinity is manifested in war poems point to the need to break free from the stereotypical understandings of warriors from conservative religious backgrounds. Este artículo examina de forma crítica las canciones de guerra y los poemas de hombres que lucharon en la guerra afgana posterior al 11/9. El estudio ubica el análisis dentro de las influencias socioculturales que dejaron un impacto en los soldados-hombre, permitiendo que se revelara un "micro mapa" de la masculinidad en los escritos de estos hombres. Usando técnicas de análisis temático, se analizaron cincuenta canciones de guerra y poemas de los años 2007 y 2008 a través del lente del desarrollo de la masculinidad. La investigación sobre las canciones y poemas de guerra encontró que la dimensión performativa de las masculinidades en la guerra se extiende alrededor de los temas de los guerreros jóvenes; armas; armas y maquinaria de guerra; estado de la política y necesidad de un gobierno islámico; el motivo del color rojo; y glorificación de la muerte. La religión del Islam, su tierra natal Afganistán y su cultura tradicional actúan de forma constante como un combustible para evocar emociones abrumadoras para los soldados y su pasión por la lucha. Se observa que las masculinidades construidas localmente informan sobre el contexto de la guerra afgana. Esto tiene implicaciones en la forma en que entendemos las masculinidades especialmente en la poesía de guerra. Como demuestra el artículo, las múltiples formas en que se manifiesta la noción de masculinidad en los poemas de guerra apuntan a la necesidad de liberarse de las comprensiones estereotipadas de guerreros de contextos religiosos conservadores
Personalized Instagram Ads and purchase intention: a theory of planned behavior approach to creativity, value, and authenticity
No full textPurpose of the Study: With the increasing use of artificial intelligence in social media advertising, personalized advertisements have become a central marketing strategy. However, limited research explains how such personalization influences consumer purchase intention through underlying psychological mechanisms, particularly in emerging markets. This study investigates the effect of AI-driven personalized Instagram advertisements on purchase intention among young adults in Pakistan, emphasizing the mediating roles of perceived creativity, advertising value, and authenticity within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Methodology/Approach: The study employed a quantitative research design using survey data collected from 448 Instagram users aged 18–27 in Pakistan. A structured questionnaire was administered online, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4. Direct, indirect, and mediation effects among personalization, perceived creativity, advertising value, authenticity, and purchase intention were tested using bootstrapping procedures.
Main Findings: The results reveal that personalized Instagram advertisements have a significant direct impact on purchase intention. Personalization also positively influences perceived creativity and authenticity. Perceived creativity significantly enhances advertising value, which in turn increases purchase intention. Authenticity further strengthens purchase intention and partially mediates the personalization–purchase intention relationship. Overall, personalization affects consumer decisions both directly and indirectly through cognitive and affective evaluations of advertising content.
Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: This study extends the Theory of Planned Behavior by incorporating creativity, advertising value, and authenticity as key attitudinal and trust-related mechanisms in AI-personalized advertising contexts. It empirically demonstrates how personalization operates through these constructs to shape behavioral intention.
Relevance/Originality: By focusing on Instagram advertising in Pakistan, this research provides novel insights from an underexplored emerging market and offers practical guidance for marketers seeking to convert personalization into effective purchase-driven outcomes.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A comprehensive study of the interactions in the B. subtilis degradosome with special emphasis on the role of the small proteins SR1P and SR7P
Full text linkHere, we employ coelution experiments and far‐western blotting to identify stable interactions between the main components of the B. subtilis degradosome and the small proteins SR1P and SR7P. Our data indicate that B. subtilis has a degradosome comprising at least RNases Y and PnpA, enolase, phosphofructokinase, glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase GapA, and helicase CshA that can be co‐purified without cross‐linking . All interactions were corroborated by far‐western blotting with proteins purified from E. coli . Previously, we discovered that stress‐induced SR7P binds enolase to enhance its interaction with and activity of enolase‐bound RNase Y (RnY), while SR1P transcribed under gluconeogenic conditions interacts with GapA to stimulate its interaction with and the activity of RnjA (RnjA). We show that SR1P can directly bind RnjA, RnY, and PnpA independently of GapA, whereas SR7P only interacts with enolase. Northern blotting suggests that the degradation of individual RNAs in B. subtilis under gluconeogenic or stress conditions depends on either RnjA or RnY alone or on RnjA‐SR1P, RnY‐SR1P, or RnY‐Eno. In vitro degradation assays with RnY or RnjA substrates corroborate the in vivo role of SR1P. Currently, it is unknown which substrate property is decisive for the utilization of one of the complexes
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